Germanium difluoride
- Formula: F2Ge
- Molecular weight: 110.64
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/F2Ge/c1-3-2
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GGJOARIBACGTDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 13940-63-1
- Chemical structure:
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, NIST Free Links, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tfus | 385. | K | N/A | Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC |
| Tfus | 385. | K | N/A | Adams, Margrave, et al., 1970 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔsubH° | 19.8 ± 1.0 | kcal/mol | MS | Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971 | AC |
| ΔsubH° | 22.3 ± 2.5 | kcal/mol | N/A | Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971 | AC |
Enthalpy of fusion
| ΔfusH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2.21 | (corrected to 298.K) | Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971 | AC |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, NIST Free Links, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
View reactions leading to F2Ge+ (ion structure unspecified)
Electron affinity determinations
| EA (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| >1.30 ± 0.30 | EIAE | Harland, Cradock, et al., 1972 | From GeF4; G2MP2 calculations indicate an EA of ca. 0.7 eV; B |
Ionization energy determinations
| IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12.9 ± 0.3 | EI | Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971, 2 | LLK |
| 11.8 ± 0.1 | EI | Zmbov, Hastie, et al., 1968 | RDSH |
| 11.65 | PE | Jonkers, Van Der Kerk, et al., 1982 | Vertical value; LBLHLM |
Appearance energy determinations
| Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GeF+ | 14.0 ± 0.3 | F | EI | Zmbov, Hastie, et al., 1968 | RDSH |
| Ge+ | 18.8 ± 0.3 | ? | EI | Zmbov, Hastie, et al., 1968 | RDSH |
Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, NIST Free Links, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox
State: B ?
| Energy (cm-1) |
Med. | Transition | λmin (nm) |
λmax (nm) |
References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tx = 68400 | T | gas | B-X | 136 | 156 | Gole, Hauge, et al., 1972 | |
State: A
| Energy (cm-1) |
Med. | Transition | λmin (nm) |
λmax (nm) |
References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To = 43860.9 | gas | A-X | 215 | 265 | Hauge, Khanna, et al., 1968 | ||
| Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994 | |||||||
| Boyle, Seccombe, et al., 1998 | |||||||
| Vib. sym. |
No. | Approximate type of mode |
cm-1 | Med. | Method | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a1 | 1 | Sym. stretch | 623.8 ± 0.6 | gas | LF | Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994 | |
| 2 | Bend | 159.6 | gas | AB LF | Hauge, Khanna, et al., 1968 Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994 | ||
State: a
| Energy (cm-1) |
Med. | Transition | λmin (nm) |
λmax (nm) |
References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To = 30582.1 | gas | a-X | 300 | 380 | Martin and Merer, 1973 | ||
| Yagi and Takahashi, 1992 | |||||||
| Yagi, Ohta, et al., 1993 | |||||||
| Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994 | |||||||
| Boyle, Seccombe, et al., 1998 | |||||||
| Vib. sym. |
No. | Approximate type of mode |
cm-1 | Med. | Method | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a1 | 1 | Sym. stretch | 673.1 ± 0.5 | gas | LF | Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994 | |
| 2 | Bend | 192.2 | gas | EM LF | Martin and Merer, 1973 Yagi and Takahashi, 1992 Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994 | ||
State: X
| Vib. sym. |
No. | Approximate type of mode |
cm-1 | Med. | Method | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a1 | 1 | Sym. stretch | 663 | gas | IR | Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968 | |
| 1 | Sym. stretch | 655 | Ne | IR | Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968 | ||
| 1 | Sym. stretch | 648 | Ar | IR Ra | Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968 Huber, Kundig, et al., 1974 | ||
| 1 | Sym. stretch | 653 | N2 | Ra | Huber, Kundig, et al., 1974 | ||
| 2 | Bend | 263 ± 2 | gas | AB EM | Hauge, Khanna, et al., 1968 Martin and Merer, 1973 Yagi and Takahashi, 1992 | ||
| b2 | 3 | Asym. stretch | 692 | gas | IR | Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968 | |
| 3 | Asym. stretch | 685 | Ne | IR | Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968 | ||
| 3 | Asym. stretch | 676 | Ar | IR | Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968 | ||
Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 101; Jacox, 1998, page 198; Jacox, 2003, page 140; Takeo, Curl, et al., 1971; Takeo and Curl, 1972
Notes
| T | Tentative assignment or approximate value |
| o | Energy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states. |
| x | Energy separation between the band maximum of the excited electronic state and the v = 0 level of the ground state. |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, NIST Free Links, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971
Adams, G.P.; Margrave, J.L.; Steiger, Ronald P.; Wilson, P.W.,
The enthalpy of sublimation of germanium difluoride and the thermodynamics of sublimation of the Group IVa difluorides,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1971, 3, 3, 297-305, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9614(71)80046-0
. [all data]
Adams, Margrave, et al., 1970
Adams, G.P.; Margrave, J.L.; Wilson, P.W.,
The Enthalpy of Formation of Germanium Difluoride,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, 2, 741-4. [all data]
Harland, Cradock, et al., 1972
Harland, P.W.; Cradock, S.; Thynne, J.C.J.,
Positive- and negative-ion formation due to the electron bombardment of germanium tetrafluoride,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 10, 169. [all data]
Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971, 2
Adams, G.P.; Margrave, J.L.; Steiger, R.P.; Wilson, P.W.,
The enthalpy of sublimation of germanium difluoride and the thermodynamics of sublimation of the Group IVa difluorides,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1971, 3, 297. [all data]
Zmbov, Hastie, et al., 1968
Zmbov, K.F.; Hastie, J.W.; Hauge, R.; Margrave, J.L.,
Formation of polymeric (GeF2)n in the vapor phase over GeF2,
Inorg. Chem., 1968, 7, 608. [all data]
Jonkers, Van Der Kerk, et al., 1982
Jonkers, G.; Van Der Kerk, S.M.; Mooyman, R.; De Lange, C.A.,
UV photoelectron spectroscopy of transient species: Germanium difluoride (GeF2),
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1982, 90, 252. [all data]
Gole, Hauge, et al., 1972
Gole, J.L.; Hauge, R.H.; Margrave, J.L.; Hastie, J.W.,
The vaccum ultraviolet spectra of SiF2 and GeF2,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1972, 43, 3, 441, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(72)90055-0
. [all data]
Hauge, Khanna, et al., 1968
Hauge, R.; Khanna, V.M.; Margrave, L.,
Ultraviolet absorption spectrum of GeF2,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1968, 27, 1-4, 143, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(68)90026-X
. [all data]
Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994
Karolczak, J.; Grev, R.S.; Clouthier, D.J.,
Pyrolysis jet spectroscopy and ab initio studies of the S1 and T1 states of germanium difluoride,
J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 101, 2, 891, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.467742
. [all data]
Boyle, Seccombe, et al., 1998
Boyle, K.J.; Seccombe, D.P.; Tuckett, R.P.; Baumgartel, H.; Jochims, H.W.,
Vacuum--UV fluorescence spectroscopy of GeF4 in the 10--25 eV range,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1998, 294, 6, 507, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00881-1
. [all data]
Martin and Merer, 1973
Martin, R.W.; Merer, A.J.,
A New Electronic Emission System of GeF,
Can. J. Phys., 1973, 51, 7, 727, https://doi.org/10.1139/p73-097
. [all data]
Yagi and Takahashi, 1992
Yagi, S.; Takahashi, N.,
Anomalous intense ultraviolet emission bands in the radio-frequency glow discharges of GeH4-fluorocarbon-H2 mixtures,
Appl. Phys. Lett., 1992, 61, 22, 2677, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.108106
. [all data]
Yagi, Ohta, et al., 1993
Yagi, S.; Ohta, T.; Saito, K.; Obi, K.,
Selective excitation of GeF and GeF2 in glow discharges of GeF4,
J. Appl. Phys., 1993, 74, 3, 1480, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.354846
. [all data]
Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968
Hastie, J.W.; Hauge, R.; Margrave, J.L.,
Infrared vibrational properties of germanium difluoride,
J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 72, 13, 4492, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100859a020
. [all data]
Huber, Kundig, et al., 1974
Huber, H.; Kundig, E.P.; Ozin, G.A.; Vander Voet, A.,
Matrix Infrared and Laser Raman Spectra, Molecular Structures and Normal Coordinate Analyses of Germanium Difluoride, Monomer GeF,
Can. J. Chem., 1974, 52, 1, 95, https://doi.org/10.1139/v74-013
. [all data]
Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E.,
Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]
Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E.,
Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017
. [all data]
Jacox, 2003
Jacox, M.E.,
Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement B,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2003, 32, 1, 1-441, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1497629
. [all data]
Takeo, Curl, et al., 1971
Takeo, H.; Curl, R.F.; Wilson, P.W.,
Microwave spectrum of GeF2,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1971, 38, 3, 464, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(71)90072-5
. [all data]
Takeo and Curl, 1972
Takeo, H.; Curl, R.F.,
Microwave spectrum of GeF2: quadrupole coupling and centrifugal distortion,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1972, 43, 1, 21, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(72)90160-9
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, NIST Free Links, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy EA Electron affinity Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔsubH° Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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