Silylene


Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard

View reactions leading to H2Si+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)200.6kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity192.2kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δf(+) ion275.kcal/molN/AN/A 

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
1.123 ± 0.022LPESKasdan, Herbst, et al., 1975B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.92 ± 0.07ENDBoo and Armentrout, 1987LBLHLM
≤9.15 ± 0.02PIBerkowitz, Greene, et al., 1987LBLHLM
8.244 ± 0.025PIBerkowitz, Greene, et al., 1987LBLHLM
9.41 ± 0.03PIDing, Cassidy, et al., 1985LBLHLM

De-protonation reactions

HSi- + Hydrogen cation = Silylene

By formula: HSi- + H+ = H2Si

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr359.0 ± 2.3kcal/molD-EAKasdan, Herbst, et al., 1975gas phase; B

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

Iron ion (1+) + Silylene = (Iron ion (1+) • Silylene)

By formula: Fe+ + H2Si = (Fe+ • H2Si)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr67. ± 12.kcal/molICRJacobson and Bakhtiar, 1993gas phase; M

(H3Si- • 4294967295Silylene) + Silylene = H3Si-

By formula: (H3Si- • 4294967295H2Si) + H2Si = H3Si-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.5 ± 1.4kcal/molN/ANimlos and Ellison, 1986gas phase; B
Δr50.6 ± 2.5kcal/molTherBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State:   B


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

T = 27650 T gas Muramoto, Ishikawa, et al., 2005

State:   A


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

To = 15547.77 gas A-X 480 650 Dubois, Herzberg, et al., 1967
Dubois, 1968
Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1991
Fukushima, Mayama, et al., 1992
Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1993
Escribano and Campargue, 1998
Nakajima, Kawai, et al., 2002


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1 1 Sym. stretch 1990 gas LF Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1993
2 Bend 854 gas AB LF Dubois, Herzberg, et al., 1967
Fukushima, Mayama, et al., 1992
Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1993

State:   a


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

To = 7340 ± 240 gas Berkowitz, Greene, et al., 1987
Fukushima, Mayama, et al., 1992

State:   X


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1 1 Sym. stretch 1995.93 gas LF DL Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1991
Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1993
Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1995
Hirota and Ishikawa, 1999
1 Sym. stretch 1995.93 gas SEP Ishikawa, Muramoto, et al., 2002
1 Sym. stretch 1999.3 Ne IR Andrews and Wang, 2002
1 Sym. stretch 1993.4 Ne IR Andrews and Wang, 2002
1 Sym. stretch 1992.8 Ar IR Fredin, Hauge, et al., 1985
Andrews and Wang, 2002
1 Sym. stretch 1993.7 Kr IR Legay-Sommaire and Legay, 1998
2 Bend 999.03 gas LF DL Dubois, 1968
Inoue and Suzuki, 1984
Yamada, Kanamori, et al., 1989
Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1993
Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1995
2 Bend 999.03 gas SEP Ishikawa, Muramoto, et al., 2002
2 Bend 1002.5 Ne IR Andrews and Wang, 2002
2 Bend 1001.8 Ne IR Andrews and Wang, 2002
2 Bend 994.6 Ar IR Fredin, Hauge, et al., 1985
Andrews and Wang, 2002
2 Bend 998.5 Kr IR Legay-Sommaire and Legay, 1998
b2 3 Asym. stretch 1992.82 gas DL Legay-Sommaire and Legay, 1998
3 Asym. stretch 1984.1 Ne IR Andrews and Wang, 2002
3 Asym. stretch 1981.6 Ne IR Andrews and Wang, 2002
3 Asym. stretch 1976.2 Ar IR Fredin, Hauge, et al., 1985
Andrews and Wang, 2002
3 Asym. stretch 1972.8 Ar IR Fredin, Hauge, et al., 1985
Andrews and Wang, 2002

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 19; Jacox, 1998, page 131; Jacox, 2003, page 17; Dubois, Duxbury, et al., 1975; Inoue and Suzuki, 1985; Thoman and Steinfeld, 1986; Duxbury, Alijah, et al., 1993; Fukushima and Obi, 1994

Notes

TTentative assignment or approximate value
oEnergy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Kasdan, Herbst, et al., 1975
Kasdan, A.; Herbst, E.; Lineberger, W.C., Laser photoelectron spectrometry of the negative ions of silicon and its hydrides, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 541. [all data]

Boo and Armentrout, 1987
Boo, B.H.; Armentrout, P.B., Reaction of silicon ion (2P) with silane (SiH4, SiD4) heats of formation of SiHn, SiHn+ (n=1,2,3), and Si2Hn+ (n=0,1,2,3) remarkable isotope exchange reaction involving four hydrogen shifts, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987, 109, 3549. [all data]

Berkowitz, Greene, et al., 1987
Berkowitz, J.; Greene, J.P.; Cho, H.; Ruscic, B., Photoionization mass spectrometric studies of SiHn (n=1-4), J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 86, 1235. [all data]

Ding, Cassidy, et al., 1985
Ding, A.; Cassidy, R.; Cordis, L.; Lampe, F., The photoionization spectra of effusing and supersonic molecular beams of Mmnosilane, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 83, 3426. [all data]

Jacobson and Bakhtiar, 1993
Jacobson, D.B.; Bakhtiar, R., Generation, Characterization and Properties of Iron-Silylene and Iron-Sylene Cationic Complexes in the Gas Phase, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 23, 10830, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00076a046 . [all data]

Nimlos and Ellison, 1986
Nimlos, M.R.; Ellison, G.B., Photoelectron spectroscopy of SiH3- and SiD3-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 6522. [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr., The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]

Muramoto, Ishikawa, et al., 2005
Muramoto, Y.; Ishikawa, H.; Mikami, N., First observation of the B [sup 1]A[sub 1] state of SiH[sub 2] and SiD[sub 2] radicals by optical-optical double resonance spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 2005, 122, 15, 154302, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1881172 . [all data]

Dubois, Herzberg, et al., 1967
Dubois, I.; Herzberg, G.; Verma, R.D., Spectrum of SiH2, J. Chem.Phys., 1967, 47, 10, 4262, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1701609 . [all data]

Dubois, 1968
Dubois, I., The absorption spectrum of the free SiH, Can. J. Phys., 1968, 46, 22, 2485, https://doi.org/10.1139/p68-608 . [all data]

Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1991
Ishikawa, H.; Kajimoto, O., Fermi resonance and vibrational analysis of SiH2 () based on the LIF excitation spectra of the transitions, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1991, 150, 2, 610, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(91)90252-6 . [all data]

Fukushima, Mayama, et al., 1992
Fukushima, M.; Mayama, S.; Obi, K., Jet spectroscopy and excited state dynamics of SiH2 and SiD2, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 96, 1, 44, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.462479 . [all data]

Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1993
Ishikawa, H.; Kajimoto, O., Vibrational Analysis of SiH2 (Ã1B1), J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1993, 160, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1993.1153 . [all data]

Escribano and Campargue, 1998
Escribano, R.; Campargue, A., Absorption spectroscopy of SiH[sub 2] near 640 nm, J. Chem. Phys., 1998, 108, 15, 6249, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.476062 . [all data]

Nakajima, Kawai, et al., 2002
Nakajima, M.; Kawai, A.; Fukushima, M.; Obi, K., LIF spectroscopy and dissociation dynamics of the SiH2 radical in the (1,v2,0) state, Chem. Phys. Lett., 2002, 364, 1-2, 99, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(02)01308-8 . [all data]

Ishikawa and Kajimoto, 1995
Ishikawa, H.; Kajimoto, O., Reanalysis of the Vibrational Resonances of SiH2 in the X1A1 State, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1995, 174, 1, 270, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1995.1286 . [all data]

Hirota and Ishikawa, 1999
Hirota, E.; Ishikawa, H., The vibrational spectrum and molecular constants of silicon dihydride SiH[sub 2] in the ground electronic state, J. Chem. Phys., 1999, 110, 9, 4254, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.478308 . [all data]

Ishikawa, Muramoto, et al., 2002
Ishikawa, H.; Muramoto, Y.; Mikami, N., Stimulated Emission Pumping Spectroscopy of SiH2: First Observation of the Spin--Orbit Interaction between the X1A1 and the ã3B1 States, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 2002, 216, 1, 90, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.2002.8666 . [all data]

Andrews and Wang, 2002
Andrews, L.; Wang, X., Infrared Spectra of the Novel Si, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2002, 106, 34, 7696, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0204814 . [all data]

Fredin, Hauge, et al., 1985
Fredin, L.; Hauge, R.H.; Kafafi, Z.H.; Margrave, J.L., Matrix isolation studies of the reactions of silicon atoms with molecular hydrogen. The infrared spectrum of silylene, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 82, 8, 3542, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.448933 . [all data]

Legay-Sommaire and Legay, 1998
Legay-Sommaire, N.; Legay, F., Photochemical Insertion Reaction of Hg in SiH, J. Phys. Chem. A, 1998, 102, 45, 8759, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9821533 . [all data]

Inoue and Suzuki, 1984
Inoue, G.; Suzuki, M., Laser-induced fluorescence of the SiH2 radical, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1984, 105, 6, 641, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(84)85673-0 . [all data]

Yamada, Kanamori, et al., 1989
Yamada, C.; Kanamori, H.; Hirota, E.; Nishiwaki, N.; Itabashi, N.; Kato, K.; Goto, T., Detection of the silylene ν2 band by infrared diode laser kinetic spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1989, 91, 8, 4582, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.456746 . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017 . [all data]

Jacox, 2003
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement B, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2003, 32, 1, 1-441, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1497629 . [all data]

Dubois, Duxbury, et al., 1975
Dubois, I.; Duxbury, G.; Dixon, R.N., J. Chem. Soc., 1975, Faraday Trans. 2 71, 799. [all data]

Inoue and Suzuki, 1985
Inoue, G.; Suzuki, M., Reactions of SiH2(X1A1) with H2, CH4, C2H4, SiH4 and Si2H6 at 298 K, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1985, 122, 4, 361, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(85)80237-2 . [all data]

Thoman and Steinfeld, 1986
Thoman, J.W., Jr.; Steinfeld, J.I., Laser-excited fluorescence detection of SiH2 produced in IR MPD of organosilanes, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1986, 124, 1, 35, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(86)85008-4 . [all data]

Duxbury, Alijah, et al., 1993
Duxbury, G.; Alijah, A.; Trieling, R.E., Renner--Teller and spin--orbit interactions in SiH2, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 98, 2, 811, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.464245 . [all data]

Fukushima and Obi, 1994
Fukushima, M.; Obi, K., Rotational analysis of the SiD2 A 1B1--X 1A1 transition observed in a jet, J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 100, 9, 6221, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.467085 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References