Methylene

• Formula: CH₂
• Molecular weight: 14.0266
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/CH2/h1H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 2465-56-7
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Isotopologues:
  • CD2
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
  • Electron-Impact Ionization Cross Sections (on physics web site)
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Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to CH₂⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

CH^- +  =

By formula: CH^- + H⁺ = CH₂

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

(CH₃^- • 4294967295) +  = CH₃^-

By formula: (CH₃^- • 4294967295CH₂) + CH₂ = CH₃^-

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Co⁺ + CH₂ = (Co⁺ • CH₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cr⁺ + CH₂ = (Cr⁺ • CH₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: La⁺ + CH₂ = (La⁺ • CH₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Sc⁺ + CH₂ = (Sc⁺ • CH₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Y⁺ + CH₂ = (Y⁺ • CH₂)

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State:   4p

State:   D

State:   C

State:   3d ³A₂

State:   3p

State:   c

State:   b

State:   a

State:   X

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 18; Jacox, 1998, page 130; Jacox, 2003, page 16; Herzberg, 1961; Bernheim, Bernard, et al., 1970; Wasserman, Yager, et al., 1970; Wasserman, Kuck, et al., 1970; Herzberg and Johns, 1971; Mohlmann and DeHeer, 1976; Grimley and Stephenson, 1981; Ashfold, Fullstone, et al., 1982; Duxbury, 1982; Sears, Bunker, et al., 1982, 2; Jensen, Bunker, et al., 1982; Bunker, Sears, et al., 1983; Evenson, Sears, et al., 1984; Duxbury, 1988; Alijah and Duxbury, 1990; Garcia-Moreno, Lovejoy, et al., 1993; Xie and Dai, 1993; Ozeki and Saito, 1996; Michael, Lewen, et al., 2003; Brunken, Michael, et al., 2004; Brunken, Muller, et al., 2005

Notes

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Leopold, Murray, et al., 1985
Leopold, D.G.; Murray, K.K.; Miller, A.E.S.; Lineberger, W.C., Methylene: A study of the X3B1 and the 1A1 states by photoelectron spectroscopy of CH₂^- and CD₂^-, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 83, 4849. [all data]

Feldman, Rackwitz, et al., 1977
Feldman, D.; Rackwitz, R.; Kaiser, H.J.; Heincke, E., Photodetachment bei einigen neagtiven molekulionen: P₂-, As₂-, CH₂-, CH₃-, S₃-, Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1977, 32, 600. [all data]

Engelking, Corderman, et al., 1981
Engelking, P.E.; Corderman, R.R.; Wenddoski, J.J.; Ellison, G.B.; O'Niel, V.S.; Lineberger, W.C., Laser photoelectron spectroscopy of CH₂-, and the singlet-triplet splitting in methylene, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 5460. [all data]

Zittel, Ellison, et al., 1976
Zittel, P.F.; Ellison, G.B.; O'Neil, S.V.; Herbst, E.; Lineberger, W.C.; Reinhardt, W.P., Laser photoelectron spectrometry of CH₂^-. Singlet-triplet splitting and electron affinity of CH₂₁, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 3731. [all data]

Thynne and MacNiel, 1971
Thynne, J.C.J.; MacNiel, K.A.G., Negative ion formation by ethylene and 1,1-difluoroethylene, J. Phys. Chem., 1971, 75, 2584. [all data]

Reineke and Strein, 1976
Reineke, W.; Strein, K., Erzeugung eines methylenhaltigen Molekularstrahls durch Pyrolyse von Keten, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1976, 80, 343. [all data]

Niehaus, 1967
Niehaus, A., Anregung und Dissoziation von Molekulen beim Elektronenbeschuss. Messung der Bildungswahrscheinlichkeit fur neutrale Fragmente als Funktion der Elektronenenergie., Z. Naturforsch., 1967, 22a, 690. [all data]

Herzberg, 1961
Herzberg, G., The ionization potential of CH₂, Can J. Phys., 1961, 39, 1511. [all data]

Kasdan, Herbst, et al., 1975
Kasdan, A.; Herbst, E.; Lineberger, W.C., Laser photoelectron spectrometry of CH₂^-, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1975, 31, 78. [all data]

Ellison, Engelking, et al., 1978
Ellison, G.B.; Engelking, P.C.; Lineberger, W.C., An experimental determination of the geometry and electron affinity of CH₃, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 2556. [all data]

Haynes and Armentrout, 1994
Haynes, C.L.; Armentrout, P.B., Thermochemistry and Structures of CoC3H6+: Metallacyclic and Metal-Alkene Isomers, Organomettalics, 1994, 13, 9, 3480, https://doi.org/10.1021/om00021a022 . [all data]

Georgiadis and Armentrout, 1989
Georgiadis, R.; Armentrout, P.B., Reactions of Ground State Cr+ with C2H6, C2H4, cyclo-C3H6, and cyclo-C2H4O: Bond Energies for CrCHn+ (n= 1-3), Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1989, 89, 2-3, 227, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(89)83062-9 . [all data]

Sunderlin and Armentrout, 1989
Sunderlin, L.S.; Armentrout, P.B., Periodic Trends in Chemical Reactivity: Reactions of Sc+, Y+, La+, and Lu+ with Methane and Ethane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 11, 3845, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00193a015 . [all data]

Irikura, Johnson, et al., 1992
Irikura, K.K.; Johnson, R.D., III; Hudgens, J.W., Two new electronic states of methylene, J. Phys. Chem., 1992, 96, 15, 6131, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100194a010 . [all data]

Herzberg, 1961, 2
Herzberg, G., The Bakerian Lecture. The Spectra and Structures of Free Methyl and Free Methylene, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A262, 1961, 262, 1310, 291, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1961.0120 . [all data]

Irikura and Hudgens, 1992
Irikura, K.K.; Hudgens, J.W., Detection of methylene (~X 3B1) radicals by 3 + 1 resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization spectroscopy, J. Phys. Chem., 1992, 96, 2, 518, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100181a006 . [all data]

Herzberg and Johns, 1966
Herzberg, G.; Johns, J.W.C., The Spectrum and Structure of Singlet CH$_2$, Proc. Roy. Soc.(London) A295, 1966, 295, 1441, 107, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1966.0229 . [all data]

Kim, Komissarov, et al., 2005
Kim, Y.; Komissarov, A.V.; Hall, G.E.; Sears, T.J., Observation of the c [sup 1]A[sub 1] state of methylene by optical-optical double resonance, J. Chem. Phys., 2005, 123, 2, 024306, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1988289 . [all data]

Kim, Hall, et al., 2006
Kim, Y.; Hall, G.E.; Sears, T.J., Observation of the state of CH2 by optical--optical double resonance, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 2006, 240, 2, 269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jms.2006.10.008 . [all data]

McKellar, Bunker, et al., 1983
McKellar, A.R.W.; Bunker, P.R.; Sears, T.J.; Evenson, K.M.; Saykally, R.J.; Langhoff, S.R., Far infrared laser magnetic resonance of singlet methylene: Singlet--triplet perturbations, singlet--triplet transitions, and the singlet--triplet splittinga), J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 79, 11, 5251, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.445713 . [all data]

Petek, Nesbitt, et al., 1987
Petek, H.; Nesbitt, D.J.; Darwin, D.C.; Moore, C.B., Visible absorption and magnetic-rotation spectroscopy of 1CH2: The analysis of the b 1B1 state, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 86, 3, 1172, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.452263 . [all data]

Green, Chen, et al., 1989
Green, W.H., Jr.; Chen, I.-C.; Bitto, H.; Guyer, D.R.; Moore, C.B., New vibrational bands of CH2 (), J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1989, 138, 2, 614, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(89)90022-2 . [all data]

Hartland, Xie, et al., 1992
Hartland, G.V.; Xie, W.; Qin, D.; Dai, H-L., Strong asymmetry induced ΔKa=3 transitions in the CH2 b 1B1→a 1A1 spectrum: A study by Fourier transform emission spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 97, 9, 7010, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.463209 . [all data]

Hartland, Qin, et al., 1993
Hartland, G.V.; Qin, D.; Dai, H.-L., Fourier transform dispersed fluorescence spectroscopy: Observation of new vibrational levels in the 5000--8000 cm-1 region of a 1A1 CH2, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 98, 3, 2469, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.464176 . [all data]

Garcia-Moreno and Moore, 1993
Garcia-Moreno, I.; Moore, C.B., Spectroscopy of methylene: Einstein coefficients for CH2(b 1B1--a 1A1) transitions, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 99, 9, 6429, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.465882 . [all data]

Qin, Hartland, et al., 1994
Qin, D.; Hartland, G.V.; Dai, H.-L., A Characterization of the CH2ã1A1(1,2,0),(2,0,0),(0,5,0),(1,3,0) and b1B1(1,142,0),(0,180,0),(0,191,0) Vibronic Levels by Fourier-Transform Dispersed Fluorescence Spectroscopy, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1994, 168, 2, 333, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1994.1282 . [all data]

Chang, Wu, et al., 1994
Chang, B.-C.; Wu, M.; Hall, G.E.; Sears, T.J., Near-infrared vibronic spectrum of the CH2 b 1B1←a 1A1 transition, J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 101, 11, 9236, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.468015 . [all data]

Fockenberg, Marr, et al., 1998
Fockenberg, C.; Marr, A.J.; Sears, T.J.; Chang, B.-C., Near-Infrared High Resolution Diode Laser Spectrum of the CH2←ã1A1Transition, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1998, 187, 2, 119, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1997.7476 . [all data]

Marr, Sears, et al., 1998
Marr, A.J.; Sears, T.J.; Chang, B.-C., Near-infrared spectroscopy of CH[sub 2] by frequency modulated diode laser absorption, J. Chem. Phys., 1998, 109, 9, 3431, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.476938 . [all data]

Kobayashi, Pride, et al., 2000
Kobayashi, K.; Pride, L.D.; Sears, T.J., Absorption Spectroscopy of Singlet CH, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2000, 104, 45, 10119, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp000293i . [all data]

Kobayashi and Sears, 2001
Kobayashi, K.; Sears, T.J., Can. J. Phys., 2001, 79, 347. [all data]

Hall, Komissarov, et al., 2004
Hall, G.E.; Komissarov, A.V.; Sears, T.J., Doppler-Resolved Spectroscopy as an Assignment Tool in the Spectrum of Singlet Methylene, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2004, 108, 39, 7922, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0494133 . [all data]

Kobayashi, Hall, et al., 2006
Kobayashi, K.; Hall, G.E.; Sears, T.J., The spectrum of CH[sub 2] near 1.36 and 0.92 μm: Reevaluation of rotational level structure and perturbations in a(010), J. Chem. Phys., 2006, 124, 18, 184320, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2200340 . [all data]

Chang, Wang, et al., 2011
Chang, C.-H.; Wang, Z.; Hall, G.E.; Sears, T.J.; Xin, J., Transient laser absorption spectroscopy of CH2 near 780nm, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 2011, 267, 1-2, 50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jms.2011.02.004 . [all data]

Chang, Xin, et al., 2011
Chang, C.-H.; Xin, J.; Latsha, T.; Otruba, E.; Wang, Z.; Hall, G.E.; Sears, T.J.; Chang, B.-C., CH, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2011, 115, 34, 9440, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp1115965 . [all data]

Bunker and Sears, 1985
Bunker, P.R.; Sears, T.J., Analysis of the laser photoelectron spectrum of CH-2, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 83, 10, 4866, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.449747 . [all data]

Bunker, Jensen, et al., 1986
Bunker, P.R.; Jensen, P.; Kraemer, W.P.; Beardsworth, R., The potential surface of X 3B1 methylene (CH2) and the singlet--triplet splitting, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 85, 7, 3724, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.450944 . [all data]

Petek, Nesbitt, et al., 1987, 2
Petek, H.; Nesbitt, D.J.; Moore, C.B.; Birss, F.W.; Ramsay, D.A., Visible absorption and magnetic-rotation spectroscopy of 1CH2: Analysis of the 1A1 state and the 1A1--3B1 coupling, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 86, 3, 1189, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.452264 . [all data]

Jensen and Bunker, 1988
Jensen, P.; Bunker, P.R., The potential surface and stretching frequencies of X 3B1 methylene (CH2) determined from experiment using the Morse oscillator-rigid bender internal dynamics Hamiltonian, J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 89, 3, 1327, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.455184 . [all data]

Xie, Harkin, et al., 1989
Xie, W.; Harkin, C.; Dai, H.L.; Green, W.H., Jr.; Zheng, Q.K.; Mahoney, A.J., Transient vibrational spectroscopy of, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1989, 138, 2, 596, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(89)90020-9 . [all data]

Xie, Harkin, et al., 1990
Xie, W.; Harkin, C.; Dai, H.-L., Bending overtones and barrier height of a 1A1 CH2 by flash photolysis stimulated emission pumping, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 7, 4615, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458701 . [all data]

Hartland, Qin, et al., 1995
Hartland, G.V.; Qin, D.; Dai, H.-L., Renner--Teller effect on the highly excited bending levels of a 1A1 CH2, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 17, 6641, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469136 . [all data]

Feldman, Meier, et al., 1978
Feldman, D.; Meier, K.; Schmiedl, R.; Welge, K.H., Laser induced fluorescence spectrum of singlet methylene. Spectroscopy of the a~1A1 state, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1978, 60, 1, 30, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(78)85703-0 . [all data]

Petek, Nesbitt, et al., 1983
Petek, H.; Nesbitt, D.J.; Ogilby, P.R.; Moore, C.B., Infrared flash kinetic spectroscopy: the .nu.1 and .nu.3 spectra of singlet methylene, J. Phys. Chem., 1983, 87, 26, 5367, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150644a012 . [all data]

Petek, Nesbitt, et al., 1989
Petek, H.; Nesbitt, D.J.; Darwin, D.C.; Ogilby, P.R.; Moore, C.B.; Ramsay, D.A., Analysis of CH2 a 1A1 (1,0,0) and (0,0,1) Coriolis-coupled states, a 1A1--X 3B1 spin--orbit coupling, and the equilibrium structure of CH2 a 1A1 state, J. Chem. Phys., 1989, 91, 11, 6566, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.457375 . [all data]

Sears, Bunker, et al., 1981
Sears, T.J.; Bunker, P.R.; McKellar, A.R.W., Observation of the ν2 band of CH2 by laser magnetic resonance, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 75, 9, 4731, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.442592 . [all data]

Sears, Bunker, et al., 1982
Sears, T.J.; Bunker, P.R.; McKellar, A.R.W., The laser magnetic resonance spectrum of the ν2 band of the methylene radical CH2, J. Chem. Phys., 1982, 77, 11, 5363, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.443784 . [all data]

McKellar, Yamada, et al., 1983
McKellar, A.R.W.; Yamada, C.; Hirota, E., Detection of the ν2 bands of CD2 and CH2 by infrared diode laser spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 79, 3, 1220, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.445926 . [all data]

Marshall and McKellar, 1986
Marshall, M.D.; McKellar, A.R.W., The ν2 fundamental band of triplet CH2, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 85, 7, 3716, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.450943 . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017 . [all data]

Jacox, 2003
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement B, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2003, 32, 1, 1-441, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1497629 . [all data]

Bernheim, Bernard, et al., 1970
Bernheim, R.A.; Bernard, H.W.; Wang, P.S.; Wood, L.S.; Skell, P.S., Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Triplet CH2, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 3, 1280, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1674129 . [all data]

Wasserman, Yager, et al., 1970
Wasserman, E.; Yager, W.A.; Kuck, V.J., EPR of CH2: a substiantially bent and partially rotating ground state triplet, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1970, 7, 4, 409, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(70)80320-7 . [all data]

Wasserman, Kuck, et al., 1970
Wasserman, E.; Kuck, V.J.; Hutton, R.S.; Yager, W.A., Electron paramagnetic resonance of CD2 and CHD. Isotope effects, motion, and geometry of methylene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1970, 92, 25, 7491, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00728a054 . [all data]

Herzberg and Johns, 1971
Herzberg, G.; Johns, J.W.C., On the Structure of CH2 in its Triplet Ground State, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 5, 2276, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1675164 . [all data]

Mohlmann and DeHeer, 1976
Mohlmann, G.R.; DeHeer, F.J., Measurements of the radiative lifetime of CH2(1B1) and absolute CH2(1B1) → 1A1) emission cross sections for electrons (0--2000 eV) on CH4, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1976, 43, 2, 236, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(76)85293-1 . [all data]

Grimley and Stephenson, 1981
Grimley, A.J.; Stephenson, J.C., Evidence for sequential reactions in the CO2 laser induced multiphoton dissociation of acetic anhydride and acetic acid, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 1, 447, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.440852 . [all data]

Ashfold, Fullstone, et al., 1982
Ashfold, M.N.R.; Fullstone, M.A.; Hancock, G.; Duxbury, G., Laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy of the CD, Mol. Phys., 1982, 45, 4, 887, https://doi.org/10.1080/00268978200100701 . [all data]

Duxbury, 1982
Duxbury, G., J. Chem. Soc., 1982, Faraday Trans. 2 78, 1433. [all data]

Sears, Bunker, et al., 1982, 2
Sears, T.J.; Bunker, P.R.; McKellar, A.R.W.; Evenson, K.M.; Jennings, D.A.; Brown, J.M., The rotational spectrum and hyperfine structure of the methylene radical CH2 studied by far-infrared laser magnetic resonance spectroscopya), J. Chem. Phys., 1982, 77, 11, 5348, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.443783 . [all data]

Jensen, Bunker, et al., 1982
Jensen, P.; Bunker, P.R.; Hoy, A.R., The equilibrium geometry, potential function, and rotation-vibration energies of CH2 in the X 3B1 ground state, J. Chem. Phys., 1982, 77, 11, 5370, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.443785 . [all data]

Bunker, Sears, et al., 1983
Bunker, P.R.; Sears, T.J.; McKellar, A.R.W.; Evenson, K.M.; Lovas, F.J., The rotational spectrum of the CD2 radical studied by far infrared laser magnetic resonance spectroscopya), J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 79, 3, 1211, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.445925 . [all data]

Evenson, Sears, et al., 1984
Evenson, K.M.; Sears, T.J.; McKellar, A.R.W., Far-infrared laser magnetic resonance of vibrationally excited CD_2, J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, 1984, 1, 1, 15, https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.1.000015 . [all data]

Duxbury, 1988
Duxbury, G., and Ch. Jungen, 1988, Mol. Phys. 63, 981. [all data]

Alijah and Duxbury, 1990
Alijah, A.; Duxbury, G., Renner-Teller and spin-orbit interactions between the, Mol. Phys., 1990, 70, 4, 605, https://doi.org/10.1080/00268979000102621 . [all data]

Garcia-Moreno, Lovejoy, et al., 1993
Garcia-Moreno, I.; Lovejoy, E.R.; Moore, C.B.; Duxbury, G., Radiative lifetimes of CH2(b 1B1), J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 98, 2, 873, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.464252 . [all data]

Xie and Dai, 1993
Xie, W.; Dai, H.-L., Fluorescence Excitation Spectra of the b1B1 ← ã1A1 2n0 (n = 18-23) Bands of CD2, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1993, 158, 1, 162, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1993.1063 . [all data]

Ozeki and Saito, 1996
Ozeki, H.; Saito, S., The microwave spectrum of the CD2 radical, J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 104, 6, 2167, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.470972 . [all data]

Michael, Lewen, et al., 2003
Michael, E.A.; Lewen, F.; Winnewisser, G.; Ozeki, H.; Habara, H.; Herbst, E., Laboratory Spectrum of the 1, Astrophys. J., 2003, 596, 2, 1356, https://doi.org/10.1086/378090 . [all data]

Brunken, Michael, et al., 2004
Brunken, S.; Michael, E.A.; Lewen, F.; Giesen, T.; Ozeki, H.; Winnewisser, G.; Jensen, P.; Herbst, E., High-resolution terahertz spectrum of CH, Can. J. Chem., 2004, 82, 6, 676, https://doi.org/10.1139/v04-034 . [all data]

Brunken, Muller, et al., 2005
Brunken, S.; Muller, H.S.P.; Lewen, F.; Giesen, T.F., Analysis of the rotational spectrum of methylene (CH[sub 2]) in its vibronic ground state with an Euler expansion of the Hamiltonian, J. Chem. Phys., 2005, 123, 16, 164315, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2074467 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  EA	Electron affinity
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  ΔfH(+) ion,0K	Enthalpy of formation of positive ion at 0K
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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