Methylene, difluoro-

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-43.499kcal/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1970
Δfgas-41.1 ± 2.0kcal/molEqkEhlert, 1969ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas,1 bar57.560cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1970

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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View table.

Temperature (K) 298. to 600.600. to 6000.
A 2.10941014.18440
B 29.96300-0.553818
C -30.949810.212839
D 12.02940-0.013355
E 0.062082-0.828763
F -45.00280-50.09931
G 52.7983071.28511
H -43.50000-43.50000
ReferenceChase, 1998Chase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in June, 1970 Data last reviewed in June, 1970

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

(CF3- • 4294967295Methylene, difluoro-) + Methylene, difluoro- = CF3-

By formula: (CF3- • 4294967295CF2) + CF2 = CF3-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr49.8 ± 2.4kcal/molN/ADeyerl, Alconcel, et al., 2001gas phase; Adiabatic EA, from vibrational structure of spectrum
Δr50.9 ± 2.9kcal/molN/ABartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; Paulino and Squires, 1991 suggests that this acidity may be too weak by ca. 5 kcal/mol. However, G2 calcn(JEB) give ΔHacid=379.9, ΔGacid=372.0; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale
Δr55.9 ± 2.7kcal/molCIDTPaulino and Squires, 1991gas phase; Neutral heat is based on a fluoroform acidity that may be too weak by up to 5 kcal/mol

(CAS Reg. No. 53959-80-1 • 4294967295Methylene, difluoro-) + Methylene, difluoro- = CAS Reg. No. 53959-80-1

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 53959-80-1 • 4294967295CF2) + CF2 = CAS Reg. No. 53959-80-1

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr<8.00kcal/molCIDTPaulino and Squires, 1991, 2gas phase; Probably CF2..Cl-, non-covalent.

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to CF2+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)11.44 ± 0.03eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)183.kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity175.1kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
0.180 ± 0.020LPESSchwartz, Davico, et al., 1999Neutral carbene triplet 54±3 kcal/mol above singlet; B
0.1790 ± 0.0050LPESMurray, Leopold, et al., 1988Singlet-triplet splitting in neutral > 50 kcal/mol; B
0.07 ± 0.15D-EABorn, Ingemann, et al., 1994B
<1.30 ± 0.80EIAEHarland and Thynne, 1972From C2F4. G3MP2B3 calculations indicate an EA of ca. 0.4 eV.; B
>0.20047EIAEThynne and MacNeil, 1970From C2F4. G3MP2B3 calculations indicate an EA of ca. 0.4 eV.; B
2.64955SIPage and Goode, 1969The Magnetron method, lacking mass analysis, is not considered reliable.; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
11.445 ± 0.025PIBuckley, Johnson, et al., 1995LL
15.2EIGoto, Nakamura, et al., 1994LL
11.5 ± 0.4EITarnovsky and Becker, 1993LL
11.4 ± 0.3EIHildenbrand, 1975LLK
11.5 ± 0.1EIHildenbrand, 1975LLK
11.42 ± 0.01PEDyke, Golob, et al., 1974LLK
9.74DERReinke, Kraessig, et al., 1973LLK
11.54 ± 0.10EIHildenbrand, 1973LLK
11.7 ± 0.2EIEhlert, 1969, 2RDSH
11.8 ± 0.3EIZmbov, Uy, et al., 1968RDSH
11.9 ± 0.1EIPottie, 1965RDSH
11.7 ± 0.1EIFisher, Homer, et al., 1965RDSH

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
CF+18.5FEIGoto, Nakamura, et al., 1994LL
CF+14.6 ± 0.4FEITarnovsky, Kurunczi, et al., 1993LL
F+31.4 ± 1.0CF+EITarnovsky, Kurunczi, et al., 1993LL

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

(CF3- • 4294967295Methylene, difluoro-) + Methylene, difluoro- = CF3-

By formula: (CF3- • 4294967295CF2) + CF2 = CF3-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr49.8 ± 2.4kcal/molN/ADeyerl, Alconcel, et al., 2001gas phase; Adiabatic EA, from vibrational structure of spectrum
Δr50.9 ± 2.9kcal/molN/ABartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; Paulino and Squires, 1991 suggests that this acidity may be too weak by ca. 5 kcal/mol. However, G2 calcn(JEB) give ΔHacid=379.9, ΔGacid=372.0; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale
Δr55.9 ± 2.7kcal/molCIDTPaulino and Squires, 1991gas phase; Neutral heat is based on a fluoroform acidity that may be too weak by up to 5 kcal/mol

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State:   B ?


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

To = 72740 T gas B-X 131 138 Mathews, 1967

State:   A


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

To = 37216 gas A-X 220 380 Venkateswarlu, 1950
Laird, Andrews, et al., 1950
Mann and Thrush, 1960
Thrush and Zwolenik, 1963
Mathews, 1967
King, Schenck, et al., 1979
Cameron, Kable, et al., 1995
Wang, Chen, et al., 1998
To = 37219 ± 2 Ne Bondybey, 1976
To = 36878 ± 2 Ar A-X 210 346 Bass and Mann, 1962
Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964
Smith, Jacox, et al., 1976
Bondybey, 1976
To = 37054 ± 2 N2 Bondybey, 1976


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1 1 Sym. stretch 1012.1 ± 0.5 gas LF Cameron, Kable, et al., 1995
Wang, Chen, et al., 1998
2 Bend 496.7 ± 0.5 gas UV LF Venkateswarlu, 1950
Laird, Andrews, et al., 1950
Mann and Thrush, 1960
Thrush and Zwolenik, 1963
Mathews, 1967
Wang, Chen, et al., 1998
2 Bend 496 ± 2 Ne LF Bondybey, 1976
2 Bend 496 ± 2 Ar AB Bass and Mann, 1962
Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964
Smith, Jacox, et al., 1976
2 Bend 496 ± 2 Ar LF Bondybey, 1976
2 Bend 496 ± 2 N2 LF Bondybey, 1976
b2 3 Asym. stretch 1180.2 ± 0.5 gas LF Cameron, Kable, et al., 1995
Wang, Chen, et al., 1998

State:   a


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

To = 19828 gas a-X 430 800 Koda, 1978
Koda, 1979
Toby and Toby, 1980
Koda, 1982
Zhou, Zhan, et al., 1985
Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988
Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999, 2


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1 1 Sym. stretch 1020 ± 30 gas PE Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999, 2
2 Bend 517 gas CL Koda, 1978
Toby and Toby, 1980
Koda, 1982
Zhou, Zhan, et al., 1985
Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999, 2

State:   B


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

2 Bend 625 gas AB Mathews, 1967

State:   X


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1 1 Sym. stretch 1225.08 gas DL IR Davies, Lewis-Bevan, et al., 1981
Orlando, Reid, et al., 1987
Burkholder, Howard, et al., 1988
Wormhoudt, McCurdy, et al., 1989
1 Sym. stretch 1225.08 gas PE Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988
1 Sym. stretch 1221.9 Ne IR LF Snelson, 1970
Bondybey, 1976
Forney, Jacox, et al., 1994
1 Sym. stretch 1222 vs Ar IR LF Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964
Milligan and Jacox, 1968
Bondybey, 1976
2 Bend 666.25 gas UV DL Venkateswarlu, 1950
Mathews, 1967
Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988
Qian and Davies, 1995
2 Bend 668 w Ar IR LF Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964
Milligan and Jacox, 1968
Bondybey, 1976
b2 3 Asym.stretch 1114.44 gas IR DL Herr and Pimentel, 1965
Lefohn and Pimentel, 1971
Davies, Hamilton, et al., 1983
Burkholder, Howard, et al., 1988
Suto and Steinfeld, 1990
3 Asym.stretch 1105.8 Ne IR Snelson, 1970
Forney, Jacox, et al., 1994
3 Asym. stretch 1102 vs Ar IR Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964
Milligan and Jacox, 1968

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 97; Jacox, 1998, page 196; Jacox, 2003, page 137; Powell and Lide, 1966; Mathews, 1966; Basco and Hathorn, 1971; Kirchhoff, Lide, et al., 1973; Akins, King, et al., 1979; Duignan, Hudgens, et al., 1982; Charo and De Lucia, 1982; Hack and Langel, 1983; Hack and Wilms, 1986; Booth and Hancock, 1988; Ibuki, Hiraya, et al., 1989; Hermann, 1990; Creasey, Lambert, et al., 1990; Cameron and Kable, 1998; Hansen, Mader, et al., 2000

Notes

wWeak
vsVery strong
TTentative assignment or approximate value
oEnergy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Ehlert, 1969
Ehlert, T.C., Bonding in C1 and C2 fluroides, J. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 949-953. [all data]

Deyerl, Alconcel, et al., 2001
Deyerl, H.J.; Alconcel, L.S.; Continetti, R.E., Photodetachment imaging studies of the electron affinity of CF3, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2001, 105, 3, 552-557, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp003137k . [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr., The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]

Paulino and Squires, 1991
Paulino, J.A.; Squires, R.R., Carbene Thermochemistry from Collision-Induced Dissociation Threshold Energy Measurements - The Heats of Formation of X1A1 CF2 and X1A1 CCl2, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 15, 5573, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00015a009 . [all data]

Paulino and Squires, 1991, 2
Paulino, J.A.; Squires, R.R., Carbene Anion Complexes - Unusual Structural and Thermochemical Features of alpha-Halocarbanions in the Gas Phase, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 5, 1845, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00005a067 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999
Schwartz, R.L.; Davico, G.E.; Ramond, T.M.; Lineberger, W.C., Singlet-triplet splittings in CX2 (X = F, Cl, Br, I) dihalocarbenes via negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Phys. Chem. A, 1999, 103, 41, 8213-8221, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp992214c . [all data]

Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988
Murray, K.K.; Leopold, D.G.; Miller, T.M.; Lineberger, W.C., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of the Halocarbene Anions HCF-, HCCl-, HCBr-, HCI-, CF2-, and CCl2-, J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 89, 9, 5442, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.455596 . [all data]

Born, Ingemann, et al., 1994
Born, M.; Ingemann, S.; Nibbering, N.M.M., Heats of formation of mono-halogen-substituted carbenes. Stability and reactivity of CHX(center dot-) (X=F, Cl, Pr, and I) radical anions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 16, 7210, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00095a025 . [all data]

Harland and Thynne, 1972
Harland, P.W.; Thynne, J.C.J., Ionisation of perfluorocyclobutane by electron impact, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 10, 11. [all data]

Thynne and MacNeil, 1970
Thynne, J.C.J.; MacNeil, K.A.G., Ionisation of Tetrafluoroethylene by Electron Impact, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1970, 5, 3-4, 329, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(70)80026-2 . [all data]

Page and Goode, 1969
Page, F.M.; Goode, G.C., Negative Ions and the Magnetron., Wiley, NY, 1969. [all data]

Buckley, Johnson, et al., 1995
Buckley, T.J.; Johnson, R.D.; Huie, R.E.; Zhang, Z.; Kuo, S.C.; Klemm, R.B., Ionization energies, appearance energies, and thermochemistry of CF2O and FCO, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 4879. [all data]

Goto, Nakamura, et al., 1994
Goto, M.; Nakamura, K.; Toyoda, H.; Sugai, H., Cross section measurements for electron-impact dissociation of CHF3 into neutral and ionic fragments, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1, 1994, 33, 3602. [all data]

Tarnovsky and Becker, 1993
Tarnovsky, V.; Becker, K., Absolute partial cross sections for the parent ionization of the CFx (x = 1-3) free radicals by electron impact, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 98, 7868. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1975
Hildenbrand, D.L., Vertical ionization potential of the CF2 radical, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1975, 32, 30. [all data]

Dyke, Golob, et al., 1974
Dyke, J.M.; Golob, L.; Jonathan, N.; Morris, A.; Okuda, M., Vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of transient species. Part 4. Difluoromethylene and ozone, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1974, 70, 1828. [all data]

Reinke, Kraessig, et al., 1973
Reinke, D.; Kraessig, R.; Baumgartel, H., Photoreactions of small organic molecules, Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1973, 28, 1021. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1973
Hildenbrand, D.L., Mass spectrometric studies of some gaseous sulfur fluorides, J. Phys. Chem., 1973, 77, 897. [all data]

Ehlert, 1969, 2
Ehlert, T.C., Bonding in C1 and C2 fluorides, J. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 949. [all data]

Zmbov, Uy, et al., 1968
Zmbov, K.F.; Uy, M.; Margrave, J.L., Mass spectrometric study of the high-temperature equilibrium C2F4 = 2CF2 and the heat of formation of the CF2 radical, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1968, 90, 5090. [all data]

Pottie, 1965
Pottie, R.F., Ionization potential and heat of formation of the difluoromethylene radical, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 2607. [all data]

Fisher, Homer, et al., 1965
Fisher, I.P.; Homer, J.B.; Lossing, F.P., Free radicals by mass spectrometry. XXXIII. Ionization potentials of CF2, CF3CF2, CF3CH2, n-C3F7, and i-C3F7 radicals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1965, 87, 957. [all data]

Tarnovsky, Kurunczi, et al., 1993
Tarnovsky, V.; Kurunczi, P.; Rogozhnikov, D.; Becker, K., Absolute cross sections for the dissociative electron impact ionization of the CFx (x=1-3) free radicals, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1993, 128, 181. [all data]

Mathews, 1967
Mathews, C.W., THE ABSORPTION SPECTRUM OF CF, Can. J. Phys., 1967, 45, 7, 2355, https://doi.org/10.1139/p67-188 . [all data]

Venkateswarlu, 1950
Venkateswarlu, P., On the Emission Bands of CF2, Phys. Rev., 1950, 77, 5, 676, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.77.676 . [all data]

Laird, Andrews, et al., 1950
Laird, R.K.; Andrews, E.B.; Barrow, R.F., The absorption spectrum of CF2, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1950, 46, 803, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9504600803 . [all data]

Mann and Thrush, 1960
Mann, D.E.; Thrush, B.A., On the Absorption Spectrum of CF2 and Its Vibrational Analysis, J. Chem. Phys., 1960, 33, 6, 1732, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1731493 . [all data]

Thrush and Zwolenik, 1963
Thrush, B.A.; Zwolenik, J.J., Predissociation in the absorption spectra of CF and CF2, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1963, 59, 582, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9635900582 . [all data]

King, Schenck, et al., 1979
King, D.S.; Schenck, P.K.; Stephenson, J.C., Spectroscopy and photophysics of the CF2 system, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1979, 78, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(79)90031-6 . [all data]

Cameron, Kable, et al., 1995
Cameron, M.R.; Kable, S.H.; Bacskay, G.B., The electronic spectroscopy of jet-cooled difluorocarbene (CF2): The missing A-state stretching frequencies, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 103, 11, 4476, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.470728 . [all data]

Wang, Chen, et al., 1998
Wang, C.; Chen, C.; Dai, J.; Ma, X., Laser-induced fluorescence studies of jet-cooled CF2: determination of Ã-state stretching frequencies, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1998, 288, 2-4, 473, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00275-9 . [all data]

Bondybey, 1976
Bondybey, V.E., Vibrationally unrelaxed fluorescence in matrix isolated CF2, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1976, 63, 2, 164, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(76)90002-3 . [all data]

Bass and Mann, 1962
Bass, A.M.; Mann, D.E., Absorption Spectrum of CF2 Trapped in an Argon Matrix, J. Chem. Phys., 1962, 36, 12, 3501, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1732492 . [all data]

Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964
Milligan, D.E.; Mann, D.E.; Jacox, M.E.; Mitsch, R.A., Infrared Spectrum of CF2, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 41, 5, 1199, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1726051 . [all data]

Smith, Jacox, et al., 1976
Smith, C.E.; Jacox, M.E.; Milligan, D.E., The absorption and fluorescence spectra of matrix-isolated CF2, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1976, 60, 1-3, 381, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(76)90141-7 . [all data]

Koda, 1978
Koda, S., Emission and energy transfer of triplet difluoromethylene produced in the reaction of oxygen atoms with tetrafluoroethylene, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1978, 55, 2, 353, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(78)87037-7 . [all data]

Koda, 1979
Koda, S., Mechanism of oxygen (3P) atom reaction with tetrafluoroethylene and quenching processes of the emission of difluoromethylene (3B1), J. Phys. Chem., 1979, 83, 16, 2065, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100479a004 . [all data]

Toby and Toby, 1980
Toby, S.; Toby, F.S., Singlet and triplet emission from difluoromethylene in the reaction of ozone with tetrafluorethene, J. Phys. Chem., 1980, 84, 2, 206, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100439a016 . [all data]

Koda, 1982
Koda, S., Initial vibrational distribution and relaxation of 3CF2 produced in the reaction of oxygen atoms with tetrafluoroethylene, Chem. Phys., 1982, 66, 3, 383, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(82)88038-5 . [all data]

Zhou, Zhan, et al., 1985
Zhou, S.; Zhan, M.; Qiu, Y.; Liu, S.; Shi, J.; Li, F.; Yao, J., Chemiluminescence of CF2(3B1) produced by the reaction O(3P) + C2F4, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1985, 121, 4-5, 395, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(85)87201-8 . [all data]

Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999, 2
Schwartz, R.L.; Davico, G.E.; Ramond, T.M.; Lineberger, W.C., Singlet-Triplet Splittings in CX, J. Phys. Chem. A, 1999, 103, 41, 8213, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp992214c . [all data]

Davies, Lewis-Bevan, et al., 1981
Davies, P.B.; Lewis-Bevan, W.; Russell, D.K., Infrared diode laser spectrum of the ν1 band of CF2 (X 1A1), J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 75, 12, 5602, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.441998 . [all data]

Orlando, Reid, et al., 1987
Orlando, J.J.; Reid, J.; Smith, D.R., Time-resolved tunable diode laser detection of products of CF2HCl IRMPD: A linestrength measurement for CF2, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1987, 141, 5, 423, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(87)85053-4 . [all data]

Burkholder, Howard, et al., 1988
Burkholder, J.B.; Howard, C.J.; Hamilton, P.A., Fourier transform spectroscopy of the ν1 and ν3 fundamental bands of CF2, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1988, 127, 2, 362, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(88)90126-9 . [all data]

Wormhoudt, McCurdy, et al., 1989
Wormhoudt, J.; McCurdy, K.E.; Burkholder, J.B., Measurements of the strengths of infrared bands of CF2, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1989, 158, 6, 480, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(89)87374-9 . [all data]

Snelson, 1970
Snelson, A., High Temp. Sci., 1970, 2, 70. [all data]

Forney, Jacox, et al., 1994
Forney, D.; Jacox, M.E.; Irikura, K.K., Matrix isolation study of the interaction of excited neon atoms with CF4. Infrared spectra of CF+3 and CF-3, J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 101, 10, 8290, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.468094 . [all data]

Milligan and Jacox, 1968
Milligan, D.E.; Jacox, M.E., Matrix-Isolation Study of the Reaction of Atomic and Molecular Fluorine with Carbon Atoms. The Infrared Spectra of Normal and 13C-Substituted CF2 and CF3, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 5, 2265, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1669423 . [all data]

Qian and Davies, 1995
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Notes

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