Methylene, difluoro-
- Formula: CF2
- Molecular weight: 50.0075
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: LTVOKYUPTHZZQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 2154-59-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Calcium difluoride; Difluoromethylene
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -43.499 | kcal/mol | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
ΔfH°gas | -41.1 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Ehlert, 1969 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°gas,1 bar | 57.560 | cal/mol*K | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)
Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 +
E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 +
C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 −
E/(2*t2) + G
Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | 298. to 600. | 600. to 6000. |
---|---|---|
A | 2.109410 | 14.18440 |
B | 29.96300 | -0.553818 |
C | -30.94981 | 0.212839 |
D | 12.02940 | -0.013355 |
E | 0.062082 | -0.828763 |
F | -45.00280 | -50.09931 |
G | 52.79830 | 71.28511 |
H | -43.50000 | -43.50000 |
Reference | Chase, 1998 | Chase, 1998 |
Comment | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: (CF3- • 4294967295CF2) + CF2 = CF3-
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 49.8 ± 2.4 | kcal/mol | N/A | Deyerl, Alconcel, et al., 2001 | gas phase; Adiabatic EA, from vibrational structure of spectrum |
ΔrH° | 50.9 ± 2.9 | kcal/mol | N/A | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; Paulino and Squires, 1991 suggests that this acidity may be too weak by ca. 5 kcal/mol. However, G2 calcn(JEB) give ΔHacid=379.9, ΔGacid=372.0; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale |
ΔrH° | 55.9 ± 2.7 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Paulino and Squires, 1991 | gas phase; Neutral heat is based on a fluoroform acidity that may be too weak by up to 5 kcal/mol |
(CAS Reg. No. 53959-80-1 • 4294967295) + = CAS Reg. No. 53959-80-1
By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 53959-80-1 • 4294967295CF2) + CF2 = CAS Reg. No. 53959-80-1
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | <8.00 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Paulino and Squires, 1991, 2 | gas phase; Probably CF2..Cl-, non-covalent. |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
View reactions leading to CF2+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 11.44 ± 0.03 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 183. | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 175.1 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Electron affinity determinations
EA (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
0.180 ± 0.020 | LPES | Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999 | Neutral carbene triplet 54±3 kcal/mol above singlet; B |
0.1790 ± 0.0050 | LPES | Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988 | Singlet-triplet splitting in neutral > 50 kcal/mol; B |
0.07 ± 0.15 | D-EA | Born, Ingemann, et al., 1994 | B |
<1.30 ± 0.80 | EIAE | Harland and Thynne, 1972 | From C2F4. G3MP2B3 calculations indicate an EA of ca. 0.4 eV.; B |
>0.20047 | EIAE | Thynne and MacNeil, 1970 | From C2F4. G3MP2B3 calculations indicate an EA of ca. 0.4 eV.; B |
2.64955 | SI | Page and Goode, 1969 | The Magnetron method, lacking mass analysis, is not considered reliable.; B |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
11.445 ± 0.025 | PI | Buckley, Johnson, et al., 1995 | LL |
15.2 | EI | Goto, Nakamura, et al., 1994 | LL |
11.5 ± 0.4 | EI | Tarnovsky and Becker, 1993 | LL |
11.4 ± 0.3 | EI | Hildenbrand, 1975 | LLK |
11.5 ± 0.1 | EI | Hildenbrand, 1975 | LLK |
11.42 ± 0.01 | PE | Dyke, Golob, et al., 1974 | LLK |
9.74 | DER | Reinke, Kraessig, et al., 1973 | LLK |
11.54 ± 0.10 | EI | Hildenbrand, 1973 | LLK |
11.7 ± 0.2 | EI | Ehlert, 1969, 2 | RDSH |
11.8 ± 0.3 | EI | Zmbov, Uy, et al., 1968 | RDSH |
11.9 ± 0.1 | EI | Pottie, 1965 | RDSH |
11.7 ± 0.1 | EI | Fisher, Homer, et al., 1965 | RDSH |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CF+ | 18.5 | F | EI | Goto, Nakamura, et al., 1994 | LL |
CF+ | 14.6 ± 0.4 | F | EI | Tarnovsky, Kurunczi, et al., 1993 | LL |
F+ | 31.4 ± 1.0 | CF+ | EI | Tarnovsky, Kurunczi, et al., 1993 | LL |
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
By formula: (CF3- • 4294967295CF2) + CF2 = CF3-
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 49.8 ± 2.4 | kcal/mol | N/A | Deyerl, Alconcel, et al., 2001 | gas phase; Adiabatic EA, from vibrational structure of spectrum |
ΔrH° | 50.9 ± 2.9 | kcal/mol | N/A | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; Paulino and Squires, 1991 suggests that this acidity may be too weak by ca. 5 kcal/mol. However, G2 calcn(JEB) give ΔHacid=379.9, ΔGacid=372.0; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale |
ΔrH° | 55.9 ± 2.7 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Paulino and Squires, 1991 | gas phase; Neutral heat is based on a fluoroform acidity that may be too weak by up to 5 kcal/mol |
Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox
State: B ?
Energy (cm-1) |
Med. | Transition | λmin (nm) |
λmax (nm) |
References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
To = 72740 | T | gas | B-X | 131 | 138 | Mathews, 1967 | |
State: A
Energy (cm-1) |
Med. | Transition | λmin (nm) |
λmax (nm) |
References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
To = 37216 | gas | A-X | 220 | 380 | Venkateswarlu, 1950 | ||
Laird, Andrews, et al., 1950 | |||||||
Mann and Thrush, 1960 | |||||||
Thrush and Zwolenik, 1963 | |||||||
Mathews, 1967 | |||||||
King, Schenck, et al., 1979 | |||||||
Cameron, Kable, et al., 1995 | |||||||
Wang, Chen, et al., 1998 | |||||||
To = 37219 ± 2 | Ne | Bondybey, 1976 | |||||
To = 36878 ± 2 | Ar | A-X | 210 | 346 | Bass and Mann, 1962 | ||
Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964 | |||||||
Smith, Jacox, et al., 1976 | |||||||
Bondybey, 1976 | |||||||
To = 37054 ± 2 | N2 | Bondybey, 1976 | |||||
Vib. sym. |
No. | Approximate type of mode |
cm-1 | Med. | Method | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a1 | 1 | Sym. stretch | 1012.1 ± 0.5 | gas | LF | Cameron, Kable, et al., 1995 Wang, Chen, et al., 1998 | |
2 | Bend | 496.7 ± 0.5 | gas | UV LF | Venkateswarlu, 1950 Laird, Andrews, et al., 1950 Mann and Thrush, 1960 Thrush and Zwolenik, 1963 Mathews, 1967 Wang, Chen, et al., 1998 | ||
2 | Bend | 496 ± 2 | Ne | LF | Bondybey, 1976 | ||
2 | Bend | 496 ± 2 | Ar | AB | Bass and Mann, 1962 Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964 Smith, Jacox, et al., 1976 | ||
2 | Bend | 496 ± 2 | Ar | LF | Bondybey, 1976 | ||
2 | Bend | 496 ± 2 | N2 | LF | Bondybey, 1976 | ||
b2 | 3 | Asym. stretch | 1180.2 ± 0.5 | gas | LF | Cameron, Kable, et al., 1995 Wang, Chen, et al., 1998 | |
State: a
Energy (cm-1) |
Med. | Transition | λmin (nm) |
λmax (nm) |
References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
To = 19828 | gas | a-X | 430 | 800 | Koda, 1978 | ||
Koda, 1979 | |||||||
Toby and Toby, 1980 | |||||||
Koda, 1982 | |||||||
Zhou, Zhan, et al., 1985 | |||||||
Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988 | |||||||
Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999, 2 | |||||||
Vib. sym. |
No. | Approximate type of mode |
cm-1 | Med. | Method | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a1 | 1 | Sym. stretch | 1020 ± 30 | gas | PE | Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999, 2 | |
2 | Bend | 517 | gas | CL | Koda, 1978 Toby and Toby, 1980 Koda, 1982 Zhou, Zhan, et al., 1985 Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999, 2 | ||
State: B
Vib. sym. |
No. | Approximate type of mode |
cm-1 | Med. | Method | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | Bend | 625 | gas | AB | Mathews, 1967 | ||
State: X
Vib. sym. |
No. | Approximate type of mode |
cm-1 | Med. | Method | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a1 | 1 | Sym. stretch | 1225.08 | gas | DL IR | Davies, Lewis-Bevan, et al., 1981 Orlando, Reid, et al., 1987 Burkholder, Howard, et al., 1988 Wormhoudt, McCurdy, et al., 1989 | |
1 | Sym. stretch | 1225.08 | gas | PE | Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988 | ||
1 | Sym. stretch | 1221.9 | Ne | IR LF | Snelson, 1970 Bondybey, 1976 Forney, Jacox, et al., 1994 | ||
1 | Sym. stretch | 1222 | vs | Ar | IR LF | Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964 Milligan and Jacox, 1968 Bondybey, 1976 | |
2 | Bend | 666.25 | gas | UV DL | Venkateswarlu, 1950 Mathews, 1967 Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988 Qian and Davies, 1995 | ||
2 | Bend | 668 | w | Ar | IR LF | Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964 Milligan and Jacox, 1968 Bondybey, 1976 | |
b2 | 3 | Asym.stretch | 1114.44 | gas | IR DL | Herr and Pimentel, 1965 Lefohn and Pimentel, 1971 Davies, Hamilton, et al., 1983 Burkholder, Howard, et al., 1988 Suto and Steinfeld, 1990 | |
3 | Asym.stretch | 1105.8 | Ne | IR | Snelson, 1970 Forney, Jacox, et al., 1994 | ||
3 | Asym. stretch | 1102 | vs | Ar | IR | Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964 Milligan and Jacox, 1968 | |
Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 97; Jacox, 1998, page 196; Jacox, 2003, page 137; Powell and Lide, 1966; Mathews, 1966; Basco and Hathorn, 1971; Kirchhoff, Lide, et al., 1973; Akins, King, et al., 1979; Duignan, Hudgens, et al., 1982; Charo and De Lucia, 1982; Hack and Langel, 1983; Hack and Wilms, 1986; Booth and Hancock, 1988; Ibuki, Hiraya, et al., 1989; Hermann, 1990; Creasey, Lambert, et al., 1990; Cameron and Kable, 1998; Hansen, Mader, et al., 2000
Notes
w | Weak |
vs | Very strong |
T | Tentative assignment or approximate value |
o | Energy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states. |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr.,
NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]
Ehlert, 1969
Ehlert, T.C.,
Bonding in C1 and C2 fluroides,
J. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 949-953. [all data]
Deyerl, Alconcel, et al., 2001
Deyerl, H.J.; Alconcel, L.S.; Continetti, R.E.,
Photodetachment imaging studies of the electron affinity of CF3,
J. Phys. Chem. A, 2001, 105, 3, 552-557, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp003137k
. [all data]
Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr.,
The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]
Paulino and Squires, 1991
Paulino, J.A.; Squires, R.R.,
Carbene Thermochemistry from Collision-Induced Dissociation Threshold Energy Measurements - The Heats of Formation of X1A1 CF2 and X1A1 CCl2,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 15, 5573, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00015a009
. [all data]
Paulino and Squires, 1991, 2
Paulino, J.A.; Squires, R.R.,
Carbene Anion Complexes - Unusual Structural and Thermochemical Features of alpha-Halocarbanions in the Gas Phase,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 5, 1845, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00005a067
. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Schwartz, Davico, et al., 1999
Schwartz, R.L.; Davico, G.E.; Ramond, T.M.; Lineberger, W.C.,
Singlet-triplet splittings in CX2 (X = F, Cl, Br, I) dihalocarbenes via negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy,
J. Phys. Chem. A, 1999, 103, 41, 8213-8221, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp992214c
. [all data]
Murray, Leopold, et al., 1988
Murray, K.K.; Leopold, D.G.; Miller, T.M.; Lineberger, W.C.,
Photoelectron Spectroscopy of the Halocarbene Anions HCF-, HCCl-, HCBr-, HCI-, CF2-, and CCl2-,
J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 89, 9, 5442, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.455596
. [all data]
Born, Ingemann, et al., 1994
Born, M.; Ingemann, S.; Nibbering, N.M.M.,
Heats of formation of mono-halogen-substituted carbenes. Stability and reactivity of CHX(center dot-) (X=F, Cl, Pr, and I) radical anions,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 16, 7210, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00095a025
. [all data]
Harland and Thynne, 1972
Harland, P.W.; Thynne, J.C.J.,
Ionisation of perfluorocyclobutane by electron impact,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 10, 11. [all data]
Thynne and MacNeil, 1970
Thynne, J.C.J.; MacNeil, K.A.G.,
Ionisation of Tetrafluoroethylene by Electron Impact,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1970, 5, 3-4, 329, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(70)80026-2
. [all data]
Page and Goode, 1969
Page, F.M.; Goode, G.C.,
Negative Ions and the Magnetron., Wiley, NY, 1969. [all data]
Buckley, Johnson, et al., 1995
Buckley, T.J.; Johnson, R.D.; Huie, R.E.; Zhang, Z.; Kuo, S.C.; Klemm, R.B.,
Ionization energies, appearance energies, and thermochemistry of CF2O and FCO,
J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 4879. [all data]
Goto, Nakamura, et al., 1994
Goto, M.; Nakamura, K.; Toyoda, H.; Sugai, H.,
Cross section measurements for electron-impact dissociation of CHF3 into neutral and ionic fragments,
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1, 1994, 33, 3602. [all data]
Tarnovsky and Becker, 1993
Tarnovsky, V.; Becker, K.,
Absolute partial cross sections for the parent ionization of the CFx (x = 1-3) free radicals by electron impact,
J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 98, 7868. [all data]
Hildenbrand, 1975
Hildenbrand, D.L.,
Vertical ionization potential of the CF2 radical,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1975, 32, 30. [all data]
Dyke, Golob, et al., 1974
Dyke, J.M.; Golob, L.; Jonathan, N.; Morris, A.; Okuda, M.,
Vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of transient species. Part 4. Difluoromethylene and ozone,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1974, 70, 1828. [all data]
Reinke, Kraessig, et al., 1973
Reinke, D.; Kraessig, R.; Baumgartel, H.,
Photoreactions of small organic molecules,
Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1973, 28, 1021. [all data]
Hildenbrand, 1973
Hildenbrand, D.L.,
Mass spectrometric studies of some gaseous sulfur fluorides,
J. Phys. Chem., 1973, 77, 897. [all data]
Ehlert, 1969, 2
Ehlert, T.C.,
Bonding in C1 and C2 fluorides,
J. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 949. [all data]
Zmbov, Uy, et al., 1968
Zmbov, K.F.; Uy, M.; Margrave, J.L.,
Mass spectrometric study of the high-temperature equilibrium C2F4 = 2CF2 and the heat of formation of the CF2 radical,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1968, 90, 5090. [all data]
Pottie, 1965
Pottie, R.F.,
Ionization potential and heat of formation of the difluoromethylene radical,
J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 2607. [all data]
Fisher, Homer, et al., 1965
Fisher, I.P.; Homer, J.B.; Lossing, F.P.,
Free radicals by mass spectrometry. XXXIII. Ionization potentials of CF2, CF3CF2, CF3CH2, n-C3F7, and i-C3F7 radicals,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1965, 87, 957. [all data]
Tarnovsky, Kurunczi, et al., 1993
Tarnovsky, V.; Kurunczi, P.; Rogozhnikov, D.; Becker, K.,
Absolute cross sections for the dissociative electron impact ionization of the CFx (x=1-3) free radicals,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1993, 128, 181. [all data]
Mathews, 1967
Mathews, C.W.,
THE ABSORPTION SPECTRUM OF CF,
Can. J. Phys., 1967, 45, 7, 2355, https://doi.org/10.1139/p67-188
. [all data]
Venkateswarlu, 1950
Venkateswarlu, P.,
On the Emission Bands of CF2,
Phys. Rev., 1950, 77, 5, 676, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.77.676
. [all data]
Laird, Andrews, et al., 1950
Laird, R.K.; Andrews, E.B.; Barrow, R.F.,
The absorption spectrum of CF2,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1950, 46, 803, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9504600803
. [all data]
Mann and Thrush, 1960
Mann, D.E.; Thrush, B.A.,
On the Absorption Spectrum of CF2 and Its Vibrational Analysis,
J. Chem. Phys., 1960, 33, 6, 1732, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1731493
. [all data]
Thrush and Zwolenik, 1963
Thrush, B.A.; Zwolenik, J.J.,
Predissociation in the absorption spectra of CF and CF2,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1963, 59, 582, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9635900582
. [all data]
King, Schenck, et al., 1979
King, D.S.; Schenck, P.K.; Stephenson, J.C.,
Spectroscopy and photophysics of the CF2 system,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1979, 78, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(79)90031-6
. [all data]
Cameron, Kable, et al., 1995
Cameron, M.R.; Kable, S.H.; Bacskay, G.B.,
The electronic spectroscopy of jet-cooled difluorocarbene (CF2): The missing A-state stretching frequencies,
J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 103, 11, 4476, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.470728
. [all data]
Wang, Chen, et al., 1998
Wang, C.; Chen, C.; Dai, J.; Ma, X.,
Laser-induced fluorescence studies of jet-cooled CF2: determination of Ã-state stretching frequencies,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1998, 288, 2-4, 473, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00275-9
. [all data]
Bondybey, 1976
Bondybey, V.E.,
Vibrationally unrelaxed fluorescence in matrix isolated CF2,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1976, 63, 2, 164, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(76)90002-3
. [all data]
Bass and Mann, 1962
Bass, A.M.; Mann, D.E.,
Absorption Spectrum of CF2 Trapped in an Argon Matrix,
J. Chem. Phys., 1962, 36, 12, 3501, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1732492
. [all data]
Milligan, Mann, et al., 1964
Milligan, D.E.; Mann, D.E.; Jacox, M.E.; Mitsch, R.A.,
Infrared Spectrum of CF2,
J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 41, 5, 1199, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1726051
. [all data]
Smith, Jacox, et al., 1976
Smith, C.E.; Jacox, M.E.; Milligan, D.E.,
The absorption and fluorescence spectra of matrix-isolated CF2,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1976, 60, 1-3, 381, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(76)90141-7
. [all data]
Koda, 1978
Koda, S.,
Emission and energy transfer of triplet difluoromethylene produced in the reaction of oxygen atoms with tetrafluoroethylene,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1978, 55, 2, 353, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(78)87037-7
. [all data]
Koda, 1979
Koda, S.,
Mechanism of oxygen (3P) atom reaction with tetrafluoroethylene and quenching processes of the emission of difluoromethylene (3B1),
J. Phys. Chem., 1979, 83, 16, 2065, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100479a004
. [all data]
Toby and Toby, 1980
Toby, S.; Toby, F.S.,
Singlet and triplet emission from difluoromethylene in the reaction of ozone with tetrafluorethene,
J. Phys. Chem., 1980, 84, 2, 206, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100439a016
. [all data]
Koda, 1982
Koda, S.,
Initial vibrational distribution and relaxation of 3CF2 produced in the reaction of oxygen atoms with tetrafluoroethylene,
Chem. Phys., 1982, 66, 3, 383, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(82)88038-5
. [all data]
Zhou, Zhan, et al., 1985
Zhou, S.; Zhan, M.; Qiu, Y.; Liu, S.; Shi, J.; Li, F.; Yao, J.,
Chemiluminescence of CF2(3B1) produced by the reaction O(3P) + C2F4,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1985, 121, 4-5, 395, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(85)87201-8
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Notes
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- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy EA Electron affinity IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy S°gas,1 bar Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar) ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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