Silver trimer

Formula: Ag₃
Molecular weight: 323.6046
CAS Registry Number: 12595-26-5
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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to Ag₃⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
2.430 ± 0.050	LPES	Handschuh, Cha, et al., 1995	EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Adiabatic EA est as up to 1 eV smaller; B
2.66 ± 0.20	LPES	Taylor, Pettiettehall, et al., 1992	EA set as 0.2 eV above onset to correct for unresolved hot bands.; B
<2.43997	LPD	Gantefor, Cox, et al., 1990	Not 0-0 transition, big Franck-Condon problem.; B
2.27 ± 0.10	LPES	Ganteför, Gausa, et al., 1990	EA: threshold, ≥EA(adiabatic). Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.43±0.1 eV.; B
2.360 ± 0.010	LPES	Ho, Ervin, et al., 1990	Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.43±0.01 eV; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
6.20	EI	Jackschath, Rabin, et al., 1992	LL
6.2 ± 0.2	EI	Franzreb, Wucher, et al., 1990	LL
≤7.0	IMB	Buckner, Gord, et al., 1988	LL

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 31150	Ar	Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
		Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 28570	Ar	Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 27550	Ar	Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 26700	Ar	Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
		Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 30200	Kr	Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 26200	Kr	Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 27500	Kr	Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: 2E

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	Transition	λ_min (nm)	λ_max (nm)	References


T_o = 26969.0	gas	2E''-X	365	385	Cheng and Duncan, 1988
					LaiHing, Cheng, et al., 1989
					Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993
					Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994
					Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007
T_x = 25900	Ar	2E''-X			Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
T_x = 26200	Kr	2E''-X			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

Vib. sym.	No.	Approximate type of mode	cm^-1	Med.	Method	References


a₁'	1	Sym. stretch	158.2	gas	MPI LF	Cheng and Duncan, 1988 LaiHing, Cheng, et al., 1989 Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993 Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994 Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007
e'	2	Deformation	100.5	gas	MPI LF	Cheng and Duncan, 1988 LaiHing, Cheng, et al., 1989 Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993 Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 24900	Kr	Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 23870	Ar	Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978
		Ozin, Huber, et al., 1979
		Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
		Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 23470	Ar	Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 23700	Kr	Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978
		Ozin, Huber, et al., 1979
		Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 23700	Xe	Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978
		Ozin, Huber, et al., 1979
		Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: 2A¹' ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	λ_min (nm)	λ_max (nm)	References


T_o = 19809 ± 2	gas	495	505	Okazaki, Saito, et al., 1996
T_x = 20490	Ar			Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 20300	Ar			Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
				Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 19880	Ar			Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 16450	Ar			Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 16180	Ar			Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 16100	Ar			Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
				Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 21830	Kr			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
T_x = 19500	Kr			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
T_x = 17900	Kr			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
T_x = 16000	Kr			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

Vib. sym.	No.	Approximate type of mode	cm^-1	Med.	Method	References


a₁'	1	Sym. stretch	107	gas	EM	Okazaki, Saito, et al., 1996
e'	2	Deformation	94	gas	EM	Okazaki, Saito, et al., 1996

State: X

Vib. sym.	No.	Approximate type of mode	cm^-1		Med.	Method	References


a₁'	1	Sym. stretch	121		gas	LF	Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993 Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994 Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007
	1	Sym. stretch	119		Ar	Ra	Haslett, Bosnick, et al., 1999
	1	Sym. stretch	120	T	Kr	Ra	Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978, 2
e'	2	Deformation	67		gas	LF	Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 60; Jacox, 1998, page 161; Jacox, 2003, page 52

Notes

Tentative assignment or approximate value

Energy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states.

Energy separation between the band maximum of the excited electronic state and the v = 0 level of the ground state.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Handschuh, Cha, et al., 1995
Handschuh, H.; Cha, C.Y.; Bechthold, P.S.; Gantefor, G.; Eberhardt, W., Electronic shells or molecular orbitals: Photoelectron spectra of Ag-n(-) clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 16, 6406, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469356 . [all data]

Taylor, Pettiettehall, et al., 1992
Taylor, K.J.; Pettiettehall, C.L.; Cheshnovsky, O.; Smalley, R.E., Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectra of Coinage Metal Clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 96, 4, 3319, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.461927 . [all data]

Gantefor, Cox, et al., 1990
Gantefor, G.F.; Cox, D.M.; Kaldor, A., High Resolution Photodetachment Spectroscopy of Jet-Cooled Metal Cluster Anions - Au2- and Ag3-, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 11, 8395, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.459272 . [all data]

Ganteför, Gausa, et al., 1990
Ganteför, G.; Gausa, M.; Meiwes-Broer, K.-H.; Lutz, H.O., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Silver and Palladium Cluster Anions, J. Chem. Soc. Farad. Trans., 1990, 86, 13, 2483, https://doi.org/10.1039/ft9908602483 . [all data]

Ho, Ervin, et al., 1990
Ho, J.; Ervin, K.M.; Lineberger, W.C., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Metal Cluster Anions - Cun-, Agn-, and Aun-, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 10, 6987, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.459475 . [all data]

Jackschath, Rabin, et al., 1992
Jackschath, C.; Rabin, I.; Schulze, W., Electron impact ionization of silver clusters Ag_n, n<36, Z. Phys. D, 1992, 22, 517. [all data]

Franzreb, Wucher, et al., 1990
Franzreb, K.; Wucher, A.; Oechsner, H., Electron impact ionization of small silver and copper clusters, Z. Phys. D, 1990, 17, 51. [all data]

Buckner, Gord, et al., 1988
Buckner, S.W.; Gord, J.R.; Freiser, B.S., Gas phase studies of Zn₂, Ag₃, and Ag₅., J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 88, 3678. [all data]

Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
Fedrigo, S.; Harbich, W.; Buttet, J., Optical response of Ag2, Ag3, Au2, and Au3 in argon matrices, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 99, 8, 5712, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.465920 . [all data]

Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
Rabin, I.; Schulze, W.; Ertl, G.; Felix, C.; Sieber, C.; Harbich, W.; Buttet, J., Absorption and fluorescence spectra of Ar-matrix-isolated Ag3 clusters, Chem. Phys. Lett., 2000, 320, 1-2, 59, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(00)00211-6 . [all data]

Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
Harbich, W.; Fedrigo, S.; Meyer, F.; Lindsay, D.M.; Lignieres, J.; Rivoal, J.C.; Kreisle, D., Deposition of mass selected silver clusters in rare gas matrices, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 12, 8535, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.459291 . [all data]

Cheng and Duncan, 1988
Cheng, P.Y.; Duncan, M.A., Vibronic spectroscopy and dynamics in the jet-cooled silver trimer, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1988, 152, 4-5, 341, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(88)80103-9 . [all data]

LaiHing, Cheng, et al., 1989
LaiHing, K.; Cheng, P.Y.; Duncan, M.A., Laser photoionization and spectroscopy of gas phase silver clusters, Z. Phys. D, 1989, 13, 2, 161, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01398586 . [all data]

Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993
Ellis, A.M.; Robles, E.S.J.; Miller, T.A., Dispersed fluorescence spectroscopic study of the ground electronic state of silver trimer, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1993, 201, 1-4, 132, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(93)85046-Q . [all data]

Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994
Wedum, E.E.; Grant, E.R.; Cheng, P.Y.; Willey, K.F.; Duncan, M.A., On the assignment of Jahn--Teller effects in the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of Ag3, J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 100, 9, 6312, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.467093 . [all data]

Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007
Sioutis, I.; Stakhursky, V.L.; Pitzer, R.M.; Miller, T.A., Jahn-Teller and related effects in the silver trimer. II: Vibrational analysis of the A [sup 2]E[sup ´´]-X [sup 2]E[sup ´] electronic transition, J. Chem. Phys., 2007, 126, 12, 124309, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2430704 . [all data]

Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978
Schulze, W.; Becker, H.U.; Abe, H., The preparation of silver molecules Agn (n < 10) in Kr matrices and their ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, Chem. Phys., 1978, 35, 1-2, 177, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(78)85203-3 . [all data]

Ozin, Huber, et al., 1979
Ozin, G.A.; Huber, H.; Mitchell, S.A., Selective, naked cluster cryophotochemistry: trisilver, Ag3, Inorg. Chem., 1979, 18, 10, 2932, https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50200a065 . [all data]

Okazaki, Saito, et al., 1996
Okazaki, T.; Saito, Y.; Kasuya, A.; Nishina, Y., Optical emission spectra of Ag3 molecules in the gas evaporation technique, J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 104, 3, 812, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.470806 . [all data]

Haslett, Bosnick, et al., 1999
Haslett, T.L.; Bosnick, K.A.; Fedrigo, S.; Moskovits, M., Resonance Raman spectroscopy of matrix-isolated mass-selected Fe[sub 3] and Ag[sub 3], J. Chem. Phys., 1999, 111, 14, 6456, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.480014 . [all data]

Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978, 2
Schulze, W.; Becker, H.U.; Minkwitz, R.; Manzel, K., Matrix Raman spectra of Ag2 and Ag3, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1978, 55, 1, 59, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(78)85132-X . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017 . [all data]

Jacox, 2003
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement B, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2003, 32, 1, 1-441, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1497629 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References

Symbols used in this document:

EA Electron affinity
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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Silver trimer

Gas phase ion energetics data

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: 2E

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: 2A1' ?

State: X

Notes

References

Notes

State: 2A¹' ?