Carbon dioxide

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-393.51 ± 0.13kJ/molReviewCox, Wagman, et al., 1984CODATA Review value
Δfgas-393.52kJ/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in September, 1965
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas,1 bar213.785 ± 0.010J/mol*KReviewCox, Wagman, et al., 1984CODATA Review value
gas,1 bar213.79J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in September, 1965

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Temperature (K) 298. to 1200.1200. to 6000.
A 24.9973558.16639
B 55.186962.720074
C -33.69137-0.492289
D 7.9483870.038844
E -0.136638-6.447293
F -403.6075-425.9186
G 228.2431263.6125
H -393.5224-393.5224
ReferenceChase, 1998Chase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in September, 1965 Data last reviewed in September, 1965

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple216.58KN/AMarsh, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.008 K; recommended as fixed point for thermometery; TRC
Ttriple216.58KN/AAngus, Armstrong, et al., 1976Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ptriple5.185barN/AAngus, Armstrong, et al., 1976Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 bar; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc304.18KN/ASuehiro, Nakajima, et al., 1996Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.04 K; TRC
Tc304.1KN/AWeber, 1989Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC
Tc304.35KN/ALi and Kiran, 1988Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC
Tc304.200KN/AMorrison, 1981Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Tc304.23KN/AEfremova and Shvarts, 1972Visual, agreement with literature evidence of sample purity; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc73.80barN/ASuehiro, Nakajima, et al., 1996Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.15 bar; TRC
Pc73.40barN/ALi and Kiran, 1988Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.50 bar; TRC
Pc73.825barN/AAngus, Armstrong, et al., 1976Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 bar; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.0919l/molN/ALi and Kiran, 1988Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.001 l/mol; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc10.6mol/lN/ASuehiro, Nakajima, et al., 1996Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 mol/l; TRC
ρc10.590mol/lN/AAngus, Armstrong, et al., 1976Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.007 mol/l; TRC
ρc10.8mol/lN/AAndrizhievskii and Chernova, 1970Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 mol/l; TRC
ρc10.64mol/lN/ALowry and Erickson, 1927Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.034 mol/l; from a plot of (DN(liq) + DN(g))/2 based on exp. measurement and extrapolated to 31.0 deg C; TRC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
16.7288.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 273. to 304. K.; AC
16.4258.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 216. to 273. K.; AC
16.5282.N/ABoublík and Aim, 1972Based on data from 267. to 303. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
154.26 to 195.896.812281301.679-3.494Giauque and Egan, 1937Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
26.1207.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 198. to 216. K.; AC
27.2 ± 0.470. to 102.LEBryson, Cazcarra, et al., 1974AC
25.9188.N/AAmbrose, 1956Based on data from 179. to 198. K.; AC
26.3167.AStull, 1947Based on data from 139. to 195. K.; AC
25.2195.N/AGiauque and Egan, 1937, 2Based on data from 154. to 196. K.; AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

Oxygen cation + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen cation • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: O2+ + CO2 = (O2+ • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr41. ± 4.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 4 out of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr73.2J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr79.1J/mol*KDTIllies, 1988gas phase; ΔrH(0 K)=41.0 kJ/mol; M
Δr86.6J/mol*KN/ADotan, Davidson, et al., 1978gas phase; switching reaction(O2+)O2, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Conway and Janik, 1970; M
Δr84.J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr18.kJ/molDTRakshit and Warneck, 1981gas phase; M
Δr18.kJ/molFADotan, Davidson, et al., 1978gas phase; switching reaction(O2+)O2, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Conway and Janik, 1970; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
39.600.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; M

CO2+ + Carbon dioxide = (CO2+ • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: CO2+ + CO2 = (CO2+ • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr66. ± 4.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 out of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.9J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr77.8J/mol*KDTIllies, 1988gas phase; ΔrH(0 K)=66.5 kJ/mol; M
Δr81.6J/mol*KDTVan Koppen, Kemper, et al., 1983gas phase; M
Δr95.4J/mol*KPHPMSHeadley, Mason, et al., 1982gas phase; M
Δr88.3J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; M

O- + Carbon dioxide = (O- • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: O- + CO2 = (O- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr200. ± 50.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 8 out of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr201. ± 21.kJ/molIMREAdams and Bohme, 1970gas phase; O3- + CO2 <=> CO3- + O2; B

Iodide + Carbon dioxide = (Iodide • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: I- + CO2 = (I- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15. ± 7.5kJ/molN/APiani, Becucci, et al., 2008gas phase; Stated electron affinity is the Vertical Detachment Energy; B
Δr17. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr20. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Δr13.4kJ/molN/AGomez, Taylor, et al., 2002gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
Δr23.4 ± 0.42kJ/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr56.1J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Δr76.1J/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr3. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B
Δr3.3 ± 0.42kJ/molTDAsBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; B,M
Δr1.7 ± 0.42kJ/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B

Oxygen anion + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen anion • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: O2- + CO2 = (O2- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.50 ± 0.84kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Δr74.1 ± 7.5kJ/molIMREPack and Phelps, 1966gas phase; Corrected with more recent EA(O2) = 0.45 eV; B,M
Δr106. ± 19.kJ/molPDisVestal and Mauclaire, 1977gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr101.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Δr88.J/mol*KDTPack and Phelps, 1966gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr49.0 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B
Δr51.0 ± 5.0kJ/molIMREPack and Phelps, 1966gas phase; Corrected with more recent EA(O2) = 0.45 eV; B
Δr41.8kJ/molFAAdams and Bohme, 1970gas phase; switching reaction(O2-)O2; Conway and Nesbit, 1968; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
54.0296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974gas phase; switching reaction(O2-)H2O; Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970; M

Fluorine anion + Carbon dioxide = (Fluorine anion • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: F- + CO2 = (F- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr134.2kJ/molN/AArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2gas phase; B
Δr135. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Δr133. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
Δr138. ± 13.kJ/molIMREMcMahon and Northcott, 1978gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr112.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Δr100.J/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(F-)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr102. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B
Δr103. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
Δr48.5kJ/molFASpears and Ferguson, 1973gas phase; DG>; M

Chlorine anion + Carbon dioxide = (Chlorine anion • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: Cl- + CO2 = (Cl- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr28.5 ± 2.1kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B
Δr31.8kJ/molTDEqHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B,M
Δr33.5 ± 0.42kJ/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr76.1J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Δr82.0J/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr8.79kJ/molTDEqHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B
Δr8.79 ± 0.42kJ/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B

(Iodide • 2Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Iodide • 3Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (I- • 2CO2) + CO2 = (I- • 3CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr9.20kJ/molN/AGomez, Taylor, et al., 2002gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
Δr15. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr19. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr77.0J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-3. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(Iodide • 4Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Iodide • 5Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (I- • 4CO2) + CO2 = (I- • 5CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.11kJ/molN/AGomez, Taylor, et al., 2002gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
Δr13. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr18. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.5J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-5.9 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(Iodide • Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Iodide • 2Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (I- • CO2) + CO2 = (I- • 2CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr20. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Δr10.9kJ/molN/AGomez, Taylor, et al., 2002gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr72.4J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr3. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(Iodide • 5Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Iodide • 6Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (I- • 5CO2) + CO2 = (I- • 6CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr13. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr7.53kJ/molN/AGomez, Taylor, et al., 2002gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
Δr18.kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.J/mol*KN/AHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • Carbon dioxide) + Water = (Sodium ion (1+) • Water • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Na+ • CO2) + H2O = (Na+ • H2O • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr86.6kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M
Δr95.8kJ/molFAPerry, Rowe, et al., 1980gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Na+) 2H2O; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970, Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr106.J/mol*KHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M
Δr107.J/mol*KFAPerry, Rowe, et al., 1980gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Na+) 2H2O; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970, Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984; M

CHO2+ + Carbon dioxide = (CHO2+ • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: CHO2+ + CO2 = (CHO2+ • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr82.8kJ/molPHPMSSzulejko and McMahon, 1992gas phase; M
Δr75.3kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Δr79.9kJ/molPHPMSJennings, Headley, et al., 1982gas phase; M
Δr84.1kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr111.J/mol*KPHPMSSzulejko and McMahon, 1992gas phase; M
Δr92.9J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Δr113.J/mol*KPHPMSJennings, Headley, et al., 1982gas phase; M
Δr101.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; M

(Iodide • 3Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Iodide • 4Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (I- • 3CO2) + CO2 = (I- • 4CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.53kJ/molN/AGomez, Taylor, et al., 2002gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
Δr15. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr19. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-4.2 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

Nitrogen oxide anion + Carbon dioxide = (Nitrogen oxide anion • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: NO2- + CO2 = (NO2- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.5 ± 0.84kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Δr38.9 ± 0.42kJ/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr72.0J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Δr101.J/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr8.8 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B
Δr8.37 ± 0.84kJ/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B

Nitric oxide anion + Carbon dioxide = (Nitric oxide anion • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: NO- + CO2 = (NO- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr36. ± 1.kJ/molDTIllies, 1988gas phase; ΔrH(0 K)=36.0 kJ/mol; M
Δr32. ± 2.kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1991gas phase; M
Δr57.7kJ/molFADunkin, Fehsenfeld, et al., 1971gas phase; switching reaction(NO+)NO, ΔrH<; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr75.3J/mol*KDTIllies, 1988gas phase; ΔrH(0 K)=36.0 kJ/mol; M
Δr57.3J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1991gas phase; M

(Bromine anion • Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Bromine anion • 2Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Br- • CO2) + CO2 = (Br- • 2CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr25. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.5J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(CO2+ • Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (CO2+ • 2Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (CO2+ • CO2) + CO2 = (CO2+ • 2CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr23. ± 1.kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr35.kJ/molEICameron, Aitken, et al., 1994gas phase; M
Δr14.kJ/molPILinn and Ng, 1981gas phase; M
Δr25.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr59.0J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr100.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; M

Bromine anion + Carbon dioxide = (Bromine anion • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: Br- + CO2 = (Br- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr22. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B
Δr28. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr69.0J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.5 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 2Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Chlorine anion • 3Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • 2CO2) + CO2 = (Cl- • 3CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr28. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B
Δr28.5kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr93.7J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr0.4 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B
Δr0.42kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Chlorine anion • 2Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • CO2) + CO2 = (Cl- • 2CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B
Δr30.1kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr87.0J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-5.9 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B
Δr4.18kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B

Hydronium cation + Carbon dioxide = (Hydronium cation • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: H3O+ + CO2 = (H3O+ • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr59.8kJ/molPHPMSSzulejko and McMahon, 1992gas phase; M
Δr64.0kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Δr60.2kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr88.7J/mol*KPHPMSSzulejko and McMahon, 1992gas phase; M
Δr103.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Δr86.6J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • 2Water • Carbon dioxide) + Water = (Sodium ion (1+) • 3Water • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Na+ • 2H2O • CO2) + H2O = (Na+ • 3H2O • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr51.9kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr96.J/mol*KHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr23.kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M

(Oxygen cation • Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen cation • 2Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (O2+ • CO2) + CO2 = (O2+ • 2CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr36. ± 2.kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr31.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr78.2J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr63.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • 3Water) + Carbon dioxide = (Sodium ion (1+) • Carbon dioxide • 3Water)

By formula: (Na+ • 3H2O) + CO2 = (Na+ • CO2 • 3H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr100.J/mol*KN/APeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-1.kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • 3Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Sodium ion (1+) • 4Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Na+ • 3CO2) + CO2 = (Na+ • 4CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr35.kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr100.J/mol*KN/APeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
3.310.HPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Sodium ion (1+) + Carbon dioxide = (Sodium ion (1+) • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: Na+ + CO2 = (Na+ • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr66.5kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; M
Δr57.3kJ/molFAPerry, Rowe, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.1J/mol*KHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; M
Δr82.8J/mol*KFAPerry, Rowe, et al., 1980gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
28.310.DTKeller and Beyer, 1971gas phase; low E/N; M

(Iodide • 6Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Iodide • 7Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (I- • 6CO2) + CO2 = (I- • 7CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr7.95kJ/molN/AGomez, Taylor, et al., 2002gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B

(Iodide • 7Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Iodide • 8Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (I- • 7CO2) + CO2 = (I- • 8CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr13. ± 8.4kJ/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δr7.95kJ/molN/AGomez, Taylor, et al., 2002gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B

(Chlorine anion • 3Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Chlorine anion • 4Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • 3CO2) + CO2 = (Cl- • 4CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr26.8kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; entropy estimated.; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr100.J/mol*KN/AHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-3.3kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; entropy estimated.; B

CO3- + Carbon dioxide = C2O5-

By formula: CO3- + CO2 = C2O5-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr24.7 ± 0.84kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B
Δr29.7 ± 0.42kJ/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr4.2 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B
Δr2.5 ± 0.84kJ/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B

HO- + Carbon dioxide = (HO- • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: HO- + CO2 = (HO- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr213. ± 10.kJ/molCIDTSquires, 1992gas phase; Dissociative protonation threshold at nPrSH, 9 kcal> calc. CIDC(HOCO2-..HSH) = 7:1 HOCO2-; B
Δr366.5kJ/molEndoHierl and Paulson, 1984gas phase; Implies ΔHacid = 291.4, anion appears too stable - JEB; B

(CO2+ • 2Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (CO2+ • 3Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (CO2+ • 2CO2) + CO2 = (CO2+ • 3CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr25.kJ/molEICameron, Aitken, et al., 1994gas phase; M
Δr21. ± 1.kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr12.kJ/molPILinn and Ng, 1981gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.9J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988gas phase; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • Water • Carbon dioxide) + Water = (Sodium ion (1+) • 2Water • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Na+ • H2O • CO2) + H2O = (Na+ • 2H2O • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr72.8kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr98.7J/mol*KHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M

(Fluorine anion • 3Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Fluorine anion • 4Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (F- • 3CO2) + CO2 = (F- • 4CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr24. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.9J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-0.8 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(Fluorine anion • 4Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Fluorine anion • 5Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (F- • 4CO2) + CO2 = (F- • 5CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr23. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr93.3J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-4.2 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(Fluorine anion • 5Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Fluorine anion • 6Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (F- • 5CO2) + CO2 = (F- • 6CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr22. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr94.1J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-5.9 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

C7O15- + 7Carbon dioxide = C8O17-

By formula: C7O15- + 7CO2 = C8O17-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr19. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-8.8 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B

(Fluorine anion • 2Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Fluorine anion • 3Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (F- • 2CO2) + CO2 = (F- • 3CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr94.6J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr2. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(Fluorine anion • Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Fluorine anion • 2Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (F- • CO2) + CO2 = (F- • 2CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr31. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr76.1J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.9 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987gas phase; B

(Oxygen anion • 2Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen anion • 3Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (O2- • 2CO2) + CO2 = (O2- • 3CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr26. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr96.2J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-3. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Oxygen anion • 3Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen anion • 4Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (O2- • 3CO2) + CO2 = (O2- • 4CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr20. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr78.2J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-3. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Oxygen anion • 4Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen anion • 5Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (O2- • 4CO2) + CO2 = (O2- • 5CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr19. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr77.0J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-4.6 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Oxygen anion • 5Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen anion • 6Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (O2- • 5CO2) + CO2 = (O2- • 6CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr18. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.5J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-6.3 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Oxygen anion • 6Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen anion • 7Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (O2- • 6CO2) + CO2 = (O2- • 7CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr17. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr80.8J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-7.5 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Oxygen anion • Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Oxygen anion • 2Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (O2- • CO2) + CO2 = (O2- • 2CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr27.6 ± 0.84kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr76.1J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr4.6 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Nitrogen oxide anion • 2Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Nitrogen oxide anion • 3Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (NO2- • 2CO2) + CO2 = (NO2- • 3CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr26. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr97.5J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-3. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Nitrogen oxide anion • 3Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Nitrogen oxide anion • 4Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (NO2- • 3CO2) + CO2 = (NO2- • 4CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr25. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr108.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-7.1 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Nitrogen oxide anion • 4Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Nitrogen oxide anion • 5Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (NO2- • 4CO2) + CO2 = (NO2- • 5CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr22. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr97.5J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-7.5 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

(Nitrogen oxide anion • 5Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Nitrogen oxide anion • 6Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (NO2- • 5CO2) + CO2 = (NO2- • 6CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr96.7J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-8.4 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Yamabe, 1992gas phase; B

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)13.777 ± 0.001eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)540.5kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity515.8kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
-0.599986EIAEKnapp, Echt, et al., 1986Unbound but in -0.3 eV well, from (CO2)n; B
-1.60 ± 0.10NBIECompton, Reinhardt, et al., 1975B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
13.778 ± 0.002PEWang, Reutt, et al., 1988LL
13.78PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981LLK
13.776 ± 0.002PEPotts and Fattahallah, 1980LLK
13. ± 1.PIHitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980LLK
13.89 ± 0.03EISahini, Constantin, et al., 1978LLK
13.79 ± 0.05EIMark and Hille, 1978LLK
13.77PIJones and Taylor, 1978LLK
13.777 ± 0.002PEFrey, Gotchev, et al., 1977LLK
13.83 ± 0.05EIBussieres and Marmet, 1977LLK
13.788PEKronebusch and Berkowitz, 1976LLK
13.776 ± 0.002TEBatten, Taylor, et al., 1976LLK
13.774 ± 0.003PIParr and Taylor, 1974LLK
13.9 ± 0.2EISemenov, Volkov, et al., 1973LLK
13.776 ± 0.008PIParr and Taylor, 1973LLK
13.78PENatalis, 1973LLK
13.773 ± 0.002PIMcCulloh, 1973LLK
13.80 ± 0.01PEFrost, Lee, et al., 1973LLK
13.788 ± 0.005PEBrundle and Turner, 1969RDSH
13.78 ± 0.01PEEland and Danby, 1968RDSH
13.77PESpohr and Puttkamer, 1967RDSH
13.75 ± 0.05EICarette, 1967RDSH
13.767 ± 0.003PINakata, Watanabe, et al., 1965RDSH
13.77 ± 0.03STanaka, Jursa, et al., 1960RDSH
13.773PEEland and Berkowitz, 1977Vertical value; LLK
13.78PEBenoit and Harrison, 1977Vertical value; LLK
13.78PESchweig and Thiel, 1974Vertical value; LLK
13.79PEPotts and Williams, 1974Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C+25. ± 2.O2PIHitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980LLK
C+22.7 ± 0.2O2EIBussieres and Marmet, 1977LLK
C+27.8 ± 0.12OEIBussieres and Marmet, 1977LLK
C+24.6 ± 1.0O2EICrowe and McConkey, 1974LLK
C+28.4 ± 0.62OEICuthbert, Farren, et al., 1968RDSH
C+14.2 ± 0.52OEICuthbert, Farren, et al., 1968RDSH
C+23.2 ± 0.5O2EICuthbert, Farren, et al., 1968RDSH
CO+19. ± 2.OPIHitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980LLK
CO+19.466OPEEland and Berkowitz, 1977, 2LLK
CO+19.42 ± 0.075OEIBussieres and Marmet, 1977LLK
CO+19.466OPEKronebusch and Berkowitz, 1976LLK
CO+20.9 ± 1.0OEICrowe and McConkey, 1974LLK
CO+29.0OPISamson and Gardner, 1973LLK
O+19. ± 1.COPIHitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980LLK
O+19.071COPEEland and Berkowitz, 1977, 2LLK
O+19.05 ± 0.05COEIBussieres and Marmet, 1977LLK
O+19.067COPEKronebusch and Berkowitz, 1976LLK
O+19.393 ± 0.008?PIParr and Taylor, 1974LLK
O+22.6 ± 1.0COEICrowe and McConkey, 1974LLK
O+19.10 ± 0.01COPIDibeler and Walker, 1967RDSH

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedSqualane27.154.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane49.153.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane67.152.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane86.152.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Marsh, 1987
Marsh, K.N., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Sci. Pub., Oxford, 1987. [all data]

Angus, Armstrong, et al., 1976
Angus, S.; Armstrong, B.; de Reuck, K.M., International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State - 3 Carbon Dioxide, Pergamon, New York, 1976. [all data]

Suehiro, Nakajima, et al., 1996
Suehiro, Y.; Nakajima, M.; Yamada, K.; Uematsu, M., Critical parameters of {xCO2 + (1 - x)CHF3} for x = (1.0000, 0.7496, 0.5013 , and 0.2522), J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1996, 28, 1153-1164. [all data]

Weber, 1989
Weber, L.A., Simple Apparatus for Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Measurements with Data for the Binary Systems of Carbon Dioxide with n-Butane and Isobutane, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1989, 34, 171. [all data]

Li and Kiran, 1988
Li, L.; Kiran, E., Gas-Liquid Critical Properties of Methylamine + Nitrous Oxide and Methylamine + Ethylene Binary Mixtures, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1988, 33, 342. [all data]

Morrison, 1981
Morrison, G., Effect of water on the critical points of carbon dioxide and ethane, J. Phys. Chem., 1981, 85, 759-61. [all data]

Efremova and Shvarts, 1972
Efremova, G.D.; Shvarts, A.V., Higher-order Critical Phenomena in Ternary Systems. The Methanol-Carbon Dioxide-Ethane System, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1972, 46, 237-239. [all data]

Andrizhievskii and Chernova, 1970
Andrizhievskii, A.A.; Chernova, N.I., Application of the Moving Meniscus Method in the Study of the Critical Phenomena in One-component Systems, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1970, 44, 1519. [all data]

Lowry and Erickson, 1927
Lowry, H.H.; Erickson, W.R., The Densities of Coexisting Liquid and Gaseous Carbon Dioxide and the Solubility of Water in Liquid Carbon Dioxide., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1927, 49, 2729-2734. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Boublík and Aim, 1972
Boublík, T.; Aim, K., Heats of vaporization of simple non-spherical molecule compounds, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1972, 37, 11, 3513-3521, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19723513 . [all data]

Giauque and Egan, 1937
Giauque, W.F.; Egan, C.J., Carbon Dioxide. The Heat Capacity and Vapor Pressure of the Solid. The Heat of Sublimation. Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Values of the Entropy, J. Chem. Phys., 1937, 5, 1, 45-54, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1749929 . [all data]

Bryson, Cazcarra, et al., 1974
Bryson, Charles E.; Cazcarra, Victor; Levenson, Leonard L., Sublimation rates and vapor pressures of water, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and xenon, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1974, 19, 2, 107-110, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60061a021 . [all data]

Ambrose, 1956
Ambrose, D., The vapour pressures and critical temperatures of acetylene and carbon dioxide, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1956, 52, 772, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9565200772 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
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Notes

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