Sulfur dimer

• Formula: S₂
• Molecular weight: 64.130
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/S2/c1-2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: MAHNFPMIPQKPPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 23550-45-0
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Constants of diatomic molecules
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
  • Electron-Impact Ionization Cross Sections (on physics web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to S₂⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

Anion protonation reactions

S₂^- +  = HS₂

By formula: S₂^- + H⁺ = HS₂

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Moran and Ellison, 1988
Moran, S.; Ellison, G.B., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Sulfur Ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1988, 92, 7, 1794, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100318a021 . [all data]

Celotta, Bennett, et al., 1974
Celotta, R.S.; Bennett, R.A.; Hall, J.L., Laser Photodetachment Determination of the Electron Affinities of OH, NH₂, NH, SO₂, and S₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 5, 1740, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1681268 . [all data]

Hunsicker, Jones, et al., 1995
Hunsicker, S.; Jones, R.O.; Gantefor, G., Rings and chains in sulfur cluster anions S- to S-9(-): Theory (simulated annealing) and experiment (photoelectron detachment), J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 15, 5917, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469326 . [all data]

Dillard and Franklin, 1968
Dillard, J.G.; Franklin, J.L., Ion-Molecule Reactions of Negative Ions. I. Negative Ions of Sulfur, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 5, 2349, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1669435 . [all data]

Thynne, 1972
Thynne, J.C.J., Negative Ion Studies with a Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer., Dyn. Mass Spectrom., 1972, 3, 67. [all data]

Bender, Carnovale, et al., 1988
Bender, H.; Carnovale, F.; Peel, J.B.; Wentrup, C., Dinitrogen sulfide, N₂S, revealed by photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 3458. [all data]

Liao and Ng, 1986
Liao, C.; Ng, C., Molecular beam photoionization study of S₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 84, 788. [all data]

Rosinger, Grade, et al., 1983
Rosinger, W.; Grade, M.; Hirschwald, W., Detection of ion states of S₂ to S₈ by electron impact, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1983, 47, 239. [all data]

Grade, Wienecke, et al., 1983
Grade, M.; Wienecke, J.; Rosinger, W.; Hirschwald, W., Electron impact investigation of the molecules SeS(g) and TeSe(g) under high-temperature equilibrium conditions, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1983, 87, 355. [all data]

Lau, Brittain, et al., 1982
Lau, K.H.; Brittain, R.D.; Hildenbrand, D.L., Vaporization of As₂S₃ and the dissociation energy of AsS, J. Phys. Chem., 1982, 86, 4429. [all data]

Coppens, Reynaert, et al., 1979
Coppens, P.; Reynaert, J.C.; Drowart, J., Mass spectrometric study of the photoionization of carbon disulphide in the wavelength interval 125-60nm, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1979, 75, 292. [all data]

Tal'roze, Butkovskaya, et al., 1978
Tal'roze, V.L.; Butkovskaya, N.I.; Larichev, M.N.; Leipunskii, I.O.; Morozov, I.I.; Dodonov, A.F.; Kudrov, B.V.; Zelenov, V.V.; Raznikov, V.V., Advances in the mass spectrometry of free radicals, Adv. Mass Spectrom., 1978, 7, 693. [all data]

Smoes, Drowart, et al., 1977
Smoes, S.; Drowart, J.; Welter, J.M., Thermodynamic study of the vaporization of europium monosulfide by Knudsen-cell mass spectrometry atomization energies of EuS(g), Eu₂S(g), EuS₂(g), Eu₂O(g), Eu₂O₂(g), Eu₂OS(g), and Eu₂S₂(g), J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1977, 9, 275. [all data]

Piacente, Bardi, et al., 1976
Piacente, V.; Bardi, G.; di Paolo, V.; Ferro, D., The vapour pressure over Ga₂S₂ and Ga₂Se₂, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1976, 8, 391. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1975
Hildenbrand, D.L., Vertical ionization potential of the CF₂ radical, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1975, 32, 30. [all data]

Golob, Jonathan, et al., 1975
Golob, L.; Jonathan, N.; Morris, A.; Okuda, M.; Ross, K.J.; Smith, D.J., Vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of transient species, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1975, 71, 1026. [all data]

Berkowitz, 1975
Berkowitz, J., PES of high temperature vapors. VII. S₂ and Te₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 4074. [all data]

Muenow and Margrave, 1972
Muenow, D.W.; Margrave, J.L., Mass spectrometric observations of gaseous phosphorus sulfides and oxysulfides, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 1972, 34, 89. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1972
Hildenbrand, D.L., Thermochemistry of the molecules CS and CS⁺, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1972, 15, 379. [all data]

Donovan, Husain, et al., 1970
Donovan, R.J.; Husain, D.; Stevenson, C.D., Vacuum ultra-violet spectra of transient molecules and radicals. Part 1. CS and S₂, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1970, 66, 1. [all data]

Barrow, duParcq, et al., 1969
Barrow, R.F.; duParcq, R.P.; Ricks, J.M., Rotational analysis of the C 3Σ_u--X 3g- system of ³²S₂, J. Phys. B:, 1969, 2, 413. [all data]

Berkowitz and Lifshitz, 1968
Berkowitz, J.; Lifshitz, C., Photoionization of high temperature vapors. II. Sulfur molecular species, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 4346. [all data]

Wu and Fehlner, 1976
Wu, M.; Fehlner, T.P., Valence level photoelectron spectra of some heavy group 4-6 diatomic molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 7578. [all data]

Berkowitz and Chupka, 1969
Berkowitz, J.; Chupka, W.A., Photoionization of high-temperature vapors. VI. S₂, Se₂, and Te₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 50, 4245. [all data]

Goodings, Bohme, et al., 1986
Goodings, J.M.; Bohme, D.K.; Elguindi, K.; Fox, A., Sulphur Anion Chemistry in Hydrocarbon Flames with H₂S, OCS, and SO₂ Additives, Can. J. Chem., 1986, 64, 4, 689, https://doi.org/10.1139/v86-110 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  EA	Electron affinity
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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