Antimony tetramer

Formula: Sb₄
Molecular weight: 487.040
CAS Registry Number: 12597-17-0
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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
<1.00 ± 0.10	LPES	Polak, Gerber, et al., 1992	Vertical Detachment Energy: 1.57±0.05 eV.; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
7.40 ± 0.10	PE	Elbel, Kudnig, et al., 1984	LBLHLM
7.8	EI	Busse and Weil, 1982	LBLHLM
8.4 ± 0.3	EI	Kordis and Gingerich, 1973	LLK
7.70 ± 0.06	EI	Cabaud, Hoareau, et al., 1973	LLK
8.3 ± 0.3	EI	Kohl, Prusaczyk, et al., 1967	RDSH
9.1 ± 0.3	EI	Gutbier, 1961	RDSH
7.7 ± 0.3	EI	DeMaria, Drowart, et al., 1959	RDSH

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
Sb⁺	15.0	Sb₃	EI	Busse and Weil, 1982	LBLHLM
Sb⁺	15. ± 0.5	?	EI	DeMaria, Drowart, et al., 1959	RDSH
Sb₂⁺	11.4	Sb₂	EI	Busse and Weil, 1982	LBLHLM
Sb₂⁺	1.	?	EI	DeMaria, Drowart, et al., 1959	RDSH
Sb₃⁺	10.2	Sb	EI	Busse and Weil, 1982	LBLHLM
Sb₃⁺	10.8 ± 0.3	Sb	EI	Kordis and Gingerich, 1973	LLK
Sb₃⁺	10.4 ± 0.3	Sb	EI	Kohl, Prusaczyk, et al., 1967	RDSH
Sb₃⁺	10.8 ± 0.3	Sb	EI	DeMaria, Drowart, et al., 1959	RDSH

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

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Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State: a

Energy (cm^-1)		Med.	References


T_o = 9700	T	gas	Polak, Gerber, et al., 1992

State: X

Vib. sym.	No.	cm^-1	Med.	Method	References


a₁	1	242.1 ± 0.5	Ne	Ra	Bondybey, Schwartz, et al., 1981 Sontag and Weber, 1982
	1	241.5 ± 0.3	Ar	Ra	Sontag and Weber, 1982
	1	239.6 ± 0.3	Kr	Ra	Sontag and Weber, 1982
e	2	137.1 ± 0.3	Ar	Ra	Sontag and Weber, 1982
	2	135.8 ± 0.3	Kr	Ra	Sontag and Weber, 1982
f₂	3	179.1 ± 0.5	Ne	Ra	Bondybey, Schwartz, et al., 1981 Sontag and Weber, 1982
	3	178.5 ± 0.3	Ar	Ra	Sontag and Weber, 1982
	3	177.1 ± 0.3	Kr	Ra	Sontag and Weber, 1982

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 189

Notes

Tentative assignment or approximate value

Energy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states.

References

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Polak, Gerber, et al., 1992
Polak, M.L.; Gerber, G.; Ho, J.; Lineberger, W.C., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Small Antimony Cluster Anions - Sb(-) Sb2(-), Sb3(-), and Sb4(-), J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 97, 12, 8990, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.463326 . [all data]

Elbel, Kudnig, et al., 1984
Elbel, S.; Kudnig, J.; Grodzicki, M.; Lempka, H.J., Photoelectron spectra of Group V compounds. The elements: Sb₄, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1984, 109, 312. [all data]

Busse and Weil, 1982
Busse, B.; Weil, K.G., Mass spectrometric studies on the vapour phase composition over solid and fused Cs₃Sb, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1982, 86, 93. [all data]

Kordis and Gingerich, 1973
Kordis, J.; Gingerich, K.A., Mass spectroscopic investigation of the equilibrium dissociation of gaseous Sb₂, Sb₃, Sb₄, SbP, SbP₃, and P₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 58, 5141. [all data]

Cabaud, Hoareau, et al., 1973
Cabaud, B.; Hoareau, A.; Nounou, P.; Uzan, R., High temperature mass spectrometric study of polyatomic antimony species by electron impact. Direct evidence for the existence of Sb₃ molecules, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1973, 11, 157. [all data]

Kohl, Prusaczyk, et al., 1967
Kohl, F.J.; Prusaczyk, J.E.; Carlson, K.D., New gaseous molecules of the pnictides, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1967, 89, 5501. [all data]

Gutbier, 1961
Gutbier, H., Massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen der Verdampfungsvorgange bei einigen Verbindungen mit Zinkblende-Gitter im Temperaturbereich um 1000 degree K, Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1961, 16, 268. [all data]

DeMaria, Drowart, et al., 1959
DeMaria, G.; Drowart, J.; Inghram, M.G., Thermodynamic study of InSb with a mass spectrometer, J. Chem. Phys., 1959, 31, 1076. [all data]

Bondybey, Schwartz, et al., 1981
Bondybey, V.E.; Schwartz, G.P.; Griffiths, J.E., Study of molecular antimony: Sb4 and Sb2 in solid neon, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1981, 89, 2, 328, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(81)90026-6 . [all data]

Sontag and Weber, 1982
Sontag, H.; Weber, R., Matrix-isolation spectroscopy of small antimony clusters, Chem. Phys., 1982, 70, 1-2, 23, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(82)85100-8 . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

AE Appearance energy

EA Electron affinity
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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