1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfsolid-8.9 ± 0.3kcal/molCcbLebedeva, Ryadnenko, et al., 1971Hfusion=4.0±0.1; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcsolid-657.9 ± 0.1kcal/molCcbLebedeva, Ryadnenko, et al., 1971Hfusion=4.0±0.1; ALS
Δcsolid-656.29 ± 0.66kcal/molCcbBadoche, 1939Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -657.48 kcal/mol; ALS
Δcsolid-656.49 ± 0.66kcal/molCcbBurlot, 1939Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -660.37 kcal/mol; ALS
Δcsolid-665.6kcal/molCcbGarner and Abernethy, 1921ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Cp,solid (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
51.29298.15Radomska and Radomski, 1980T = 180 to 400 K. Data given graphically; Cp calculated from equation. Thermodynamically stable modification I.; DH
53.23298.15Radomska and Radomski, 1980T = 180 to 380 K. Data given graphically; Cp calculated from equation. Metastable modification II.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus394.2KN/AHwang, Tamura, et al., 1990Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC
Tfus398.4KN/ARadomska and Radomski, 1980, 2Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tfus396.15KN/AWaclawek and Hurwic, 1967Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tfus397.7KN/AJones and Neuworth, 1944Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub25.6 ± 0.1kcal/molMECundall, Frank Palmer, et al., 1978Based on data from 313. to 395. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
16.8490.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 475. to 585. K. See also Maksimov, 1968 and Dykyj, 1972.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
3.540380.3Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
1.23370.Domalski and Hearing, 1996CAL
9.309380.3

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔHtrs (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
3.5851398.4crystaline, IliquidRadomska and Radomski, 1980DH
0.4541370.crystaline, IIcrystaline, IRadomska and Radomski, 1980DH
3.5373380.3crystaline, IliquidRadomska and Radomski, 1980DH
3.1549383.0crystaline, IliquidRadomska and Radomski, 1980Metastable modification III.; DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔStrs (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
9.01398.4crystaline, IliquidRadomska and Radomski, 1980DH
1.23370.crystaline, IIcrystaline, IRadomska and Radomski, 1980DH
9.30380.3crystaline, IliquidRadomska and Radomski, 1980DH
8.25383.0crystaline, IliquidRadomska and Radomski, 1980Metastable; DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Bromine anion + 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene = (Bromine anion • 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene)

By formula: Br- + C6H3N3O6 = (Br- • C6H3N3O6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr22.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr13.1 ± 1.0kcal/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of mCF3-nitrobenzene..Br-; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
13.1423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
B - John E. Bartmess

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
2.62787SIPage and Goode, 1969The Magnetron method, lacking mass analysis, is not reliable. G3(MP2)B3 calculations indicate EA = 1.9 eV; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
10.96 ± 0.02PIKotov and Potapov, 1972LLK

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Condensed Phase Spectrum

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IR spectrum
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Notice: Except where noted, spectra from this collection were measured on dispersive instruments, often in carefully selected solvents, and hence may differ in detail from measurements on FTIR instruments or in other chemical environments. More information on the manner in which spectra in this collection were collected can be found here.

Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.

Additional Data

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Owner COBLENTZ SOCIETY
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin WESTERN REGIONAL RES. USDA
Source reference COBLENTZ NO. 6177
Date 1964/06/08
State SOLID (NUJOL MULL)
Instrument BECKMAN IR-7 (GRATING)
Instrument parameters GRATING CHANGES AT 3000, 2200, 1150 CM-1
Path length
SPECTRAL CONTAMINATION DUE TO OIL AROUND 2900, AND 1460 CM-1
Resolution 4
Sampling procedure TRANSMISSION
Data processing DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS)

This IR spectrum is from the Coblentz Society's evaluated infrared reference spectra collection.


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-IW-5430
NIST MS number 233309

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Fielding and Le Fevre, 1950
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 11317
Instrument Beckman DU
Melting point 121.5
Boiling point 315

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Lebedeva, Ryadnenko, et al., 1971
Lebedeva, N.D.; Ryadnenko, V.L.; Kuznetsova, I.N., Heats of combustion and enthalpies of formation of certain aromatic nitro-derivatives, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1971, 45, 549. [all data]

Badoche, 1939
Badoche, M.M., Determinations des chaleurs de combustion de derives nitres de la serie benzenique, Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1939, 6, 570-579. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Burlot, 1939
Burlot, E., Etude relative a la calorimetrie des explosifs, Mem. Poudres, 1939, 29, 226-260. [all data]

Garner and Abernethy, 1921
Garner, W.E.; Abernethy, C.L., Heats of combustion and formation of nitro-compounds. Part I. - Benzene, toluene, phenol and methylaniline series, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A, 1921, 213-235. [all data]

Radomska and Radomski, 1980
Radomska, M.; Radomski, R., Calorimetric studies of binary systems of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene with naphthalene, anthracene, and carbazole. I. Phase transitions and heat capacities of the pure components and charge-transfer complexes, Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 40, 405-414. [all data]

Hwang, Tamura, et al., 1990
Hwang, D.-R.; Tamura, M.; Yoshida, T.; Tanaka, N.; Hosoya, F., Estimation of ΔH°f of nitro derivatives of benzene and toluene using AM1 and DSC, J. Energ. Mater., 1990, 8, 85-98. [all data]

Radomska and Radomski, 1980, 2
Radomska, M.; Radomski, R., Calorimetric Studies of Binary Systems of 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene with Naphthalene, Anthracene, and Carbazole I. Phase Transitions and Heat Capacities of the Pure COmponents and Charge Transfer Complex, Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 40, 405-14. [all data]

Waclawek and Hurwic, 1967
Waclawek, Z.; Hurwic, J., Dipole moment and spectroscopic studies of the 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene complexes with some pyridine derivatives in nonpolar solvents, Rocz. Chem., 1967, 41, 1993. [all data]

Jones and Neuworth, 1944
Jones, R.C.; Neuworth, M.B., The Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Hydrocarbon-Trinitrobenzene Complexes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1944, 66, 1497. [all data]

Cundall, Frank Palmer, et al., 1978
Cundall, Robert B.; Frank Palmer, T.; Wood, Colin E.C., Vapour pressure measurements on some organic high explosives, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1978, 74, 0, 1339, https://doi.org/10.1039/f19787401339 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Maksimov, 1968
Maksimov, Y.Y., Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 42, 11, 1550. [all data]

Dykyj, 1972
Dykyj, J., Petrochemia, 1972, 12, 1, 13. [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Paul and Kebarle, 1991
Paul, G.J.C.; Kebarle, P., Stabilities of Complexes of Br- with Substituted Benzenes (SB) Based on Determinations of the Gas-Phase Equilibria Br- + SB = (BrSB)-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 4, 1148, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00004a014 . [all data]

Page and Goode, 1969
Page, F.M.; Goode, G.C., Negative Ions and the Magnetron., Wiley, NY, 1969. [all data]

Kotov and Potapov, 1972
Kotov, B.V.; Potapov, V.K., Ionization potentials of strong organic electron acceptors, Khim. Vys. Energ., 1972, 6, 375. [all data]

Fielding and Le Fevre, 1950
Fielding, P.; Le Fevre, R.J.W., J. Chem. Soc., 1950, 2812. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References