Benzene, iodo-

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas165. ± 5.9kJ/molCcbSmith, 1956Heat of formation derived by Cox and Pilcher, 1970

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid117. ± 4.2kJ/molCcbSmith, 1956Heat of formation derived by Cox and Pilcher, 1970; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-3192.8 ± 4.2kJ/molCcbSmith, 1956Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -3190.0 kJ/mol; Heat of formation derived by Cox and Pilcher, 1970; ALS
Δcliquid-3192.8 ± 4.2kJ/molCcbSmith, 1956Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -3190.0 kJ/mol; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid205.4J/mol*KN/AStull, 1937Extrapolation below 91 K, 53.14 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
158.4298.15Shehatta, 1993DH
158.70298.1Stull, 1937T = 90 to 320 K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Cp,solid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
112.1226.1Aoyama and Kanda, 1935T = 81 to 226 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil461.4 ± 0.6KAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus242.15KN/AMallikarjun and Hill, 1965Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tfus241.9KN/ADreisbach, 1955Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Tfus241.8KN/ATimmermans, 1952Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple241.8KN/AStull, 1937, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.25 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap47.4kJ/molCGCChickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995Based on data from 313. - 353. K.; AC
Δvap48.9kJ/molN/ABoublik, Fried, et al., 1984Based on data from 320. - 460. K. See also Basarová and Svoboda, 1991.; AC
Δvap47.7 ± 4.2kJ/molVSmith, 1956Heat of formation derived by Cox and Pilcher, 1970; ALS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
41.1477.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 462. - 679. K.; AC
51.4288.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 273. - 358. K. See also Dykyj, 1972.; AC
46.0373.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 358. - 543. K. See also Dykyj, 1972.; AC
43.1243. - 255.N/AJones, 1960AC
40.0275.MEZibberman-Granovskaya, 1940Based on data from 248. - 303. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
302.4 - 461.44.37121803.466-47.933Young, 1889Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
9.75241.8Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
9.749241.83Stull, 1937DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
40.31241.83Stull, 1937DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C6H7N+ + Benzene, iodo- = (C6H7N+ • Benzene, iodo-)

By formula: C6H7N+ + C6H5I = (C6H7N+ • C6H5I)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr55.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr110.J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
20.324.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + Benzene, iodo- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, iodo-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5I = (Cl- • C6H5I)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.1kJ/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
30.300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

Hydrogen iodide + Benzene, iodo- = Benzene + Iodine

By formula: HI + C6H5I = C6H6 + I2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-22. ± 5.9kJ/molCmGraham, Nichol, et al., 1955gas phase; ALS

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
0.74 QN/A missing citation give several references for the Henry's law constants but don't assign them to specific species.
0.78 LN/A 

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)8.72 ± 0.04eVN/AN/AL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.79PEFujisawa, Ohno, et al., 1986LBLHLM
8.75PEKlasinc, Kovac, et al., 1983LBLHLM
8.685PIPECODannacher, Rosenstock, et al., 1983LBLHLM
8.79PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981LLK
8.70PEBehan, Johnstone, et al., 1976LLK
9.05EIBaldwin, Loudon, et al., 1976LLK
8.77 ± 0.02PIPECOBaer, Tsai, et al., 1976LLK
8.67PEBoschi and Salahub, 1974LLK
8.73 ± 0.01PISergeev, Akopyan, et al., 1970RDSH
8.685PIMomigny, Goffart, et al., 1968RDSH
8.73 ± 0.03PIWatanabe, 1957RDSH
8.801PEPotts, Lyus, et al., 1980Vertical value; LLK
8.67PESell and Kupperman, 1978Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C6H5+11.07 ± 0.07IPIMalinovich and Lifshitz, 1986LBLHLM
C6H5+10.6 ± 0.1ITRPILifshitz and Malinovich, 1984LBLHLM
C6H5+10.55 ± 0.01IEIGefen and Lifshitz, 1984LBLHLM
C6H5+11.2 ± 0.9IPIDunbar and Honovich, 1984LBLHLM
C6H5+11.32 ± 0.05IEIBurgers and Holmes, 1984LBLHLM
C6H5+11.4 ± 0.1IEIBurgers and Holmes, 1984LBLHLM
C6H5+11.015IPIPECODannacher, Rosenstock, et al., 1983LBLHLM
C6H5+11.4 ± 0.1IEIBurgers and Holmes, 1982LBLHLM
C6H5+11.27IPIPECOBaer, Tsai, et al., 1976LLK
C6H5+11.34IEIJohnstone and Mellon, 1972LLK
C6H5+11.06 ± 0.04IPISergeev, Akopyan, et al., 1970RDSH
C6H5+11.46IEIHowe and Williams, 1969RDSH

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

C6H7N+ + Benzene, iodo- = (C6H7N+ • Benzene, iodo-)

By formula: C6H7N+ + C6H5I = (C6H7N+ • C6H5I)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr55.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr110.J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
20.324.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + Benzene, iodo- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, iodo-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5I = (Cl- • C6H5I)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.1kJ/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
30.300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Chuck Anderson, Aldrich Chemical Co.
NIST MS number 107742

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UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source missing citation
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 8984
Instrument Unicam SP 500 or Hilger Ultrascan
Melting point -31.3
Boiling point 188.4

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedC78, Branched paraffin130.1079.6Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000He; Column length: 3.3 m
PackedApolane150.1088.Evans and Haken, 1987He, Chromosorb G AW DCMS; Column length: 3.7 m
PackedApolane150.1088.Haken and Vernon, 1986Chromosorb G AW DCMS; Column length: 3.7 m
PackedSE-30180.1075.Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984N2, Chromosorb W AW; Column length: 3. m
PackedSE-30150.1050.Tiess, 1984Ar, Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
PackedSE-301033.Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984He, Chromosorb AW, 40. C @ 10. min, 10. K/min, 210. C @ 30. min; Column length: 3.05 m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M1569.Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984He, Supelcoport, 40. C @ 10. min, 10. K/min, 210. C @ 30. min; Column length: 3.05 m

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
PackedSE-301033.Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984He, Chromosorb AW; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.1033.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.1569.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, NIST Free Links, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Smith, 1956
Smith, L., Corrected heats of combustion of organic iodine compounds, Acta Chem. Scand., 1956, 10, 884-886. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Stull, 1937
Stull, D.R., A semi-micro calorimeter for measuring heat capacities at low temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726-2733. [all data]

Shehatta, 1993
Shehatta, I., Heat capacity at constant pressure of some halogen compounds, Thermochim. Acta, 1993, 213, 1-10. [all data]

Aoyama and Kanda, 1935
Aoyama, S.; Kanda, E., Studies on the heat capacities at low temperature. Report I. Heat capacities of some organic substances at low temperature, Sci. Rept. Tohoku Imp. Univ. [1]24, 1935, 107-115. [all data]

Mallikarjun and Hill, 1965
Mallikarjun, S.; Hill, N.E., Temperature dependence of viscosity and dielectric relaxation time in simple polar liquids, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1389. [all data]

Dreisbach, 1955
Dreisbach, R.R., Physical Properties of Chemical Compounds, Advances in Chemistry Series No. 15, Am. Chem. Soc.: Washington, D. C., 1955. [all data]

Timmermans, 1952
Timmermans, J., Freezing points of organic compounds. VVI New determinations., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1952, 61, 393. [all data]

Stull, 1937, 2
Stull, D.R., A Semi-micro Calorimeter for Measuring Heat Capacities at Low Temp., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726. [all data]

Chickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995
Chickos, James S.; Hosseini, Sarah; Hesse, Donald G., Determination of vaporization enthalpies of simple organic molecules by correlations of changes in gas chromatographic net retention times, Thermochimica Acta, 1995, 249, 41-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(95)90670-3 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Basarová and Svoboda, 1991
Basarová, Pavlína; Svoboda, Václav, Calculation of heats of vaporization of halogenated hydrocarbons from saturated vapour pressure data, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1991, 68, 13-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(91)85008-I . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Dykyj, 1972
Dykyj, J., Petrochemia, 1972, 12, 1, 13. [all data]

Jones, 1960
Jones, A.H., Sublimation Pressure Data for Organic Compounds., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 2, 196-200, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60006a019 . [all data]

Zibberman-Granovskaya, 1940
Zibberman-Granovskaya, A.A., Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1940, 14, 759. [all data]

Young, 1889
Young, S., On the Vapour-Pressures and Specific Volumes of Similar Compounds of Elements in Relation to the Position of those Elements in the Periodic Table, J. Chem. Soc., 1889, 55, 486-521, https://doi.org/10.1039/ct8895500486 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; El-Shall, M.S., Ionic Charge Transfer Complexes. 1. Cationic Complexes with Delocalized and Partially Localized pi Systems, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 15, 4386, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00275a026 . [all data]

French, Ikuta, et al., 1982
French, M.A.; Ikuta, S.; Kebarle, P., Hydrogen bonding of O-H and C-H hydrogen donors to Cl-. Results from mass spectrometric measurement of the ion-molecule equilibria RH + Cl- = RHCl-, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 1907. [all data]

Graham, Nichol, et al., 1955
Graham, W.S.; Nichol, R.J.; Ubbelohde, A.R., A thermochemical evaluation of bond strengths in some carbon compounds. Part III. Bond strengths based on the reactions: (a) Ph·CH2I + HI=Ph·CH3 + I2 and (b) PhI + HI=PhH + I2, J. Chem. Soc., 1955, 115-121. [all data]

Fujisawa, Ohno, et al., 1986
Fujisawa, S.; Ohno, K.; Masuda, S.; Harada, Y., Penning ionization electron spectroscopy of monohalogenobenzenes: C6H5F, C6H5Cl, C6H5Br, and C6H5I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 6505. [all data]

Klasinc, Kovac, et al., 1983
Klasinc, L.; Kovac, B.; Gusten, H., Photoelectron spectra of acenes. Electronic structure and substituent effects, Pure Appl. Chem., 1983, 55, 289. [all data]

Dannacher, Rosenstock, et al., 1983
Dannacher, J.; Rosenstock, H.M.; Buff, R.; Parr, A.C.; Stockbauer, R.L.; Bombach, R.; Stadelmann, J.-P., Benchmark measurement of iodobenzene ion fragmentation rates, Chem. Phys., 1983, 75, 23. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Behan, Johnstone, et al., 1976
Behan, J.M.; Johnstone, R.A.W.; Bentley, T.W., An evaluation of empirical methods for calculating the ionization potentials of substituted benzenes, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1976, 11, 207. [all data]

Baldwin, Loudon, et al., 1976
Baldwin, M.A.; Loudon, A.G.; Maccoll, A.; Webb, K.S., The nature and fragmentation pathways of the molecular ions of some arylureas, arylthioureas, acetanilides, thioacetanilides and related compounds, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1976, 11, 1181. [all data]

Baer, Tsai, et al., 1976
Baer, T.; Tsai, B.P.; Smith, D.; Murray, P.T., Absolute unimolecular decay rates of energy selected metastable halobenzene ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 64, 2460. [all data]

Boschi and Salahub, 1974
Boschi, R.A.A.; Salahub, D.R., The high resolution photoelectron spectra of some iodoalkanes, iodocycloalkanes, iodoalkenes, and fluoroiodohydrocarbons, Can. J. Chem., 1974, 52, 1217. [all data]

Sergeev, Akopyan, et al., 1970
Sergeev, Yu.L.; Akopyan, M.E.; Vilesov, F.I.; Kleimenov, V.I., Photoionization processes in phenyl halides, Opt. i Spektroskopiya, 1970, 29, 119, In original 63. [all data]

Momigny, Goffart, et al., 1968
Momigny, J.; Goffart, C.; D'Or, L., Photoionization studies by total ionization measurements. I. Benzene and its monohalogeno derivatives, Intern. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1968, 1, 53. [all data]

Watanabe, 1957
Watanabe, K., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 542. [all data]

Potts, Lyus, et al., 1980
Potts, A.W.; Lyus, M.L.; Lee, E.P.F.; Fattahallah, G.H., High resolution ultraviolet photoelectron spectra of C6H5X and p-C6H4X2 where X = Cl, Br or I, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1980, 76, 556. [all data]

Sell and Kupperman, 1978
Sell, J.A.; Kupperman, A., Angular distributions in the photoelectron spectra of benzene and its monohalogenated derivatives, Chem. Phys., 1978, 33, 367. [all data]

Malinovich and Lifshitz, 1986
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Haken and Vernon, 1986
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Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984
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Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984
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Notes

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