Acetic acid, chloro-

• Formula: C₂H₃ClO₂
• Molecular weight: 94.497
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C2H3ClO2/c3-1-2(4)5/h1H2,(H,4,5) Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 79-11-8
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
• Other names: α-Chloroacetic acid; Chloroacetic acid; Chloroethanoic acid; Monochloroethanoic acid; CH2ClCOOH; Chloracetic acid; Monochloracetic acid; Monochloroacetic acid; Acide chloracetique; Acidomonocloroacetico; Monochloorazijnzuur; Monochloressigsaeure; MCA; Acide monochloracetique; Kyselina chloroctova; NCI-C60231; UN 1751; Acetic acid, 2-chloro-; NSC 142
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • References
  • Notes
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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  =

By formula: C₂H₂ClO₂^- + H⁺ = C₂H₃ClO₂

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₂H₃ClO₂ = (Cl^- • C₂H₃ClO₂)

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂O + C₃H₅ClO₂ = CH₄O + C₂H₃ClO₂

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂O + C₂H₂Cl₂O = HCl + C₂H₃ClO₂

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

 +  =

By formula: C₂H₂ClO₂^- + H⁺ = C₂H₃ClO₂

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₂H₃ClO₂ = (Cl^- • C₂H₃ClO₂)

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• SOLUTION (1% CCl4 FOR 3800-1330, 1% CS2 FOR 1330-400 CM^-1); DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY COBLENTZ SOCIETY (BATCH II) FROM HARD COPY; 2 cm^-1 resolution
• SOLUTION (11% IN CCl4 FOR 3800-1300, 4% IN CS2 FOR 1300-645, AND 11% IN CCl4 FOR 645-250 CM^-1); PERKIN-ELMER 521 (GRATING); DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 2 cm^-1 resolution

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Smith, Bjellerup, et al., 1953
Smith, L.; Bjellerup, L.; Krook, S.; Westermark, H., Heats of combustion of organic chloro compounds determined by the "quartz wool" method, Acta Chem. Scand., 1953, 7, 65. [all data]

Schjanberg, 1935
Schjanberg, E., Die Verbrennungswarmen und die Refraktionsdaten einiger chlorsubstituierter Fettsauren und Ester., Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. A, 1935, 172, 197-233. [all data]

Urazovskii and Sidorov, 1950
Urazovskii, S.S.; Sidorov, I.A., Concerning singularities in the temperature dependence of the specific heat of liquids and the nature of phase transitions of the second kind, Doklady Akad. Nauk, 1950, SSSR 70, 859-862. [all data]

Pickering, 1895
Pickering, S.U., A comparison of some properties of acetic acid and its chloro- and bromo-derivatives, J. Chem. Soc., 1895, 67, 664-684. [all data]

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Dreisbach and Martin, 1949
Dreisbach, R.R.; Martin, R.A., Physical Data on Some Organic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 2875-8. [all data]

Lecat, 1943
Lecat, M., Negative and other Azeotropes, C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., 1943, 217, 242. [all data]

Lecat, 1943, 2
Lecat, M., Azeotropes of Ethyl Urethane and other Azeotropes, C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., 1943, 217, 273. [all data]

Lecat, 1926
Lecat, M., New binary azeotropes: 3rd list, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B, 1926, 45, 284-94. [all data]

Lagoa, Diogo, et al., 2001
Lagoa, Ana L.C.; Diogo, Hermínio P.; Dias, M. Pilar; Minas da Piedade, Manuel E.; Amaral, Luísa M.P.F.; Ribeiro da Silva, Manuel A.V.; Martinho Simões, José A.; Guedes, Rita C.; Costa Cabral, Benedito J.; Schwarz, Karsten; Epple, Matthias, Energetics of C-Cl, C-Br, and C-I Bonds in Haloacetic Acids: Enthalpies of Formation of XCH2COOH (X=Cl, Br, I) Compounds and the Carboxymethyl Radical, Chem. Eur. J., 2001, 7, 2, 483-489, https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3765(20010119)7:2<483::AID-CHEM483>3.0.CO;2-A . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

McDonald, Shrader, et al., 1959
McDonald, R.A.; Shrader, S.A.; Stull, D.R., Vapor Pressures and Freezing Points of Thirty Pure Organic Compounds., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1959, 4, 4, 311-313, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60004a009 . [all data]

Dykyj, 1970
Dykyj, J., Petrochemica, 1970, 10, 2, 51. [all data]

Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949
Dreisbach, R.R.; Shrader, S.A., Vapor Pressure--Temperature Data on Some Organic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 12, 2879-2880, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50480a054 . [all data]

Dreisbach and Martin, 1949, 2
Dreisbach, R.R.; Martin, R.A., Physical Data on Some Organic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 12, 2875-2878, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50480a053 . [all data]

Caldwell, Renneboog, et al., 1989
Caldwell, G.; Renneboog, R.; Kebarle, P., Gas Phase Acidities of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids, Based on Measurements of Proton Transfer Equilibria, Can. J. Chem., 1989, 67, 4, 661, https://doi.org/10.1139/v89-092 . [all data]

Fujio, McIver, et al., 1981
Fujio, M.; McIver, R.T., Jr.; Taft, R.W., Effects on the acidities of phenols from specific substituent-solvent interactions. Inherent substituent parameters from gas phase acidities, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 4017. [all data]

Cumming and Kebarle, 1978
Cumming, J.B.; Kebarle, P., Summary of gas phase measurements involving acids AH. Entropy changes in proton transfer reactions involving negative ions. Bond dissociation energies D(A-H) and electron affinities EA(A), Can. J. Chem., 1978, 56, 1. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1985
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Fluoride and chloride affinities of the main group oxides, fluorides, oxofluorides, and alkyls. Quantitative scales of lewis acidities from ICR halide exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 766. [all data]

Guthrie and Cullimore, 1980
Guthrie, J.P.; Cullimore, P.A., Effect of the acyl substituent on the equilibrium constant for hydration of esters, Can. J. Chem., 1980, 58, 1281-1294. [all data]

Pritchard and Skinner, 1950
Pritchard, H.O.; Skinner, H.A., The heats of hydrolysis of the chloro-substituted acetyl chlorides, J. Chem. Soc., 1950, 272-276. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Watanabe, Yokoyama, et al., 1973
Watanabe, I.; Yokoyama, Y.; Ikeda, S., Lone pair ionization potentials of carboxylic acids determined by He(I) photoelectron spectroscopy, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1973, 46, 1959. [all data]

Holmes, Lossing, et al., 1991
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P.; Mayer, P.M., Heats of formation of oxygen-containing organic free radicals from appearance energy measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 9723. [all data]

Holmes, Lossing, et al., 1983
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P.; Terlouw, J.K.; Burgers, P.C., Novel gas-phase ions. The radical cations [CH₂XH]⁺. (X = F, Cl, Br, I, OH, NH², SH) and [CH₂CH₂NH₃]⁺., Can. J. Chem., 1983, 61, 2305. [all data]

Schurz and Ullrich, 1959
Schurz, J.; Ullrich, A., Z. physik. Chem. (Frankfurt), 1959, 21, 185. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  Cp,solid	Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  ΔcH°solid	Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔsubH°	Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization

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