Styrene

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas35.11 ± 0.24kcal/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945ALS
Δfgas36.21kcal/molN/ALandrieu, Baylocq, et al., 1929Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of 108.0 kj/mol from Landrieu, Baylocq, et al., 1929 and ΔvapH° value of 43.5 kj/mol from Prosen and Rossini, 1945.; DRB
Δfgas31.43 ± 0.96kcal/molCcbN/AValue computed using ΔfHliquid° from missing citation and ΔvapH° value of 10.5 kcal/mol from Pitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946. recalculated with modern CO2,H2O thermo; estimated uncertainty (NOTE all values in source also have wrong sign); DRB
Δfgas-3.61kcal/molN/AMoureu and Andre, 1914Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of -58.6 kj/mol from Moureu and Andre, 1914 and ΔvapH° value of 43.5 kj/mol from Prosen and Rossini, 1945.; DRB
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas82.48 ± 0.50cal/mol*KN/APitzer K.S., 1946S(298.16 K)=343.38 J/mol*K was obtained from earlier experimental data [ Guttman L., 1943].; GT

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
36.16 ± 0.18373.15Scott R.B., 1945GT

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
10.9450.Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997p=1 bar. Recommended values agree with other statistically calculated values of S(T) and Cp(T) [ Beckett C.W., 1946] within 0.8 and 1.9 J/mol*K, respectively.; GT
12.95100.
15.73150.
19.54200.
26.298273.15
28.726298.15
28.905300.
38.191400.
46.030500.
52.34600.
57.46700.
61.66800.
65.20900.
68.161000.
70.701100.
72.871200.
74.741300.
76.341400.
77.721500.

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid24.72 ± 0.22kcal/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945ALS
Δfliquid25.8kcal/molCcbLandrieu, Baylocq, et al., 1929ALS
Δfliquid20.9 ± 0.96kcal/molCcbN/Arecalculated with modern CO2,H2O thermo; estimated uncertainty (NOTE all values in source also have wrong sign); DRB
Δfliquid-14.0kcal/molCcbMoureu and Andre, 1914ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-1050. ± 10.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid57.48cal/mol*KN/AWarfield and Petree, 1961DH
liquid56.781cal/mol*KN/APitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 2DH
liquid56.79cal/mol*KN/AGuttman and Westrum, 1943DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
43.79298.15Lebedev, Lebedev, et al., 1985DH
43.64298.16Warfield and Petree, 1961T = 10 to 300 K.; DH
56.31298.Kurbatov, 1950T = 21 to 139 C.; DH
43.700298.15Pitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 2T = 15 to 300 K.; DH
43.00298.5Smith and Andrews, 1931T = 102 to 299 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil419. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 18 out of 19 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus240. ± 30.KAVGN/AAverage of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple242.47KN/APitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 3Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 K; TRC
Ttriple242.47KN/AGuttman, Westrum, et al., 1943Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC
Ttriple242.47KN/AGuttman, 1943Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; temperature scale based on To = 273.16 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap10.50 ± 0.10kcal/molVPitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946ALS
Δvap10.5kcal/molN/APitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 2Based on data from 285. - 333. K.; AC
Δvap10.4 ± 0.1kcal/molN/APitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 2AC
Δvap10.4kcal/molN/AProsen and Rossini, 1945DRB
Δvap10.3kcal/molN/APatnode and Scheiber, 1939Based on data from 245. - 357. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
10.2260.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 245. - 334. K.; AC
9.92349.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 334. - 419. K.; AC
10.2319.N/AChaiyavech and Van Winkle, 1959Based on data from 306. - 333. K.; AC
10.3318.N/ADreyer, Martin, et al., 1955Based on data from 303. - 417. K.; AC
9.61348.N/ABurchfield, 1942Based on data from 306. - 389. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
305.6 - 355.344.05361459.909-59.551Chaiyavech and Van Winkle, 1959Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
303.07 - 417.924.213771525.059-56.379Dreyer, Martin, et al., 1955Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
2.6205242.27Warfield and Petree, 1961DH
2.6169242.27Pitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 2DH
2.6171242.47Guttman and Westrum, 1943DH
2.6171242.47Lebedev, Lebedev, et al., 1985DH
2.620242.3Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
10.83242.27Warfield and Petree, 1961DH
10.79242.27Pitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 2DH
10.79242.47Guttman and Westrum, 1943DH
10.8242.47Lebedev, Lebedev, et al., 1985DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

styrenide anion + Hydrogen cation = Styrene

By formula: C8H7- + H+ = C8H8

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr391.0 ± 2.5kcal/molTDEqMeot-ner and Kafafi, 1988gas phase; Acid: styrene. AM1 says ortho deprotonation prefered to alpha. Anchored to 88MEO scale.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr383.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqMeot-ner and Kafafi, 1988gas phase; Acid: styrene. AM1 says ortho deprotonation prefered to alpha. Anchored to 88MEO scale.; B

C3H9Si+ + Styrene = (C3H9Si+ • Styrene)

By formula: C3H9Si+ + C8H8 = (C3H9Si+ • C8H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr36.6kcal/molPHPMSLi and Stone, 1989gas phase; condensation; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr42.4cal/mol*KPHPMSLi and Stone, 1989gas phase; condensation; M

Styrene + 4Hydrogen = Cyclohexane, ethyl-

By formula: C8H8 + 4H2 = C8H16

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-76.50 ± 0.25kcal/molChydDolliver, Gresham, et al., 1937gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -77.48 ± 0.20 kcal/mol; At 355 °K; ALS

(CAS Reg. No. 13822-53-2 • 4294967295Styrene) + Styrene = CAS Reg. No. 13822-53-2

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 13822-53-2 • 4294967295C8H8) + C8H8 = CAS Reg. No. 13822-53-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr48.9 ± 2.2kcal/molN/ABartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

Styrene + Hydrogen = Ethylbenzene

By formula: C8H8 + H2 = C8H10

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-28.01 ± 0.41kcal/molChydAbboud, Jimenez, et al., 1995liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbon; Like gas phase; ALS

Styrene + Hydrogen chloride = Benzene, (1-chloroethyl)-

By formula: C8H8 + HCl = C8H9Cl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-13.3 ± 1.7kcal/molCmNesterova, Kovzel, et al., 1977liquid phase; Hydrochlorination; ALS

Hydrogen bromide + Styrene = Benzene, (1-bromoethyl)-

By formula: HBr + C8H8 = C8H9Br

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-16.5 ± 1.7kcal/molCmNesterova, Kovzel, et al., 1977liquid phase; Hydrobromination; ALS

1,3,5,7-Cyclooctatetraene = Styrene

By formula: C8H8 = C8H8

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-34.35 ± 0.34kcal/molCisoProsen, Johnson, et al., 1947liquid phase; ALS

Ethylbenzene = Styrene + Hydrogen

By formula: C8H10 = C8H8 + H2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr29.840kcal/molEqkGhosh, Ram Das Guha, et al., 1945gas phase; ALS

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
0.37 QN/A missing citation give several references for the Henry's law constants but don't assign them to specific species.
0.294800.XN/A 
0.384200.XN/A 

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C8H8+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)8.464 ± 0.001eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)200.6kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity193.4kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.464 ± 0.001TEDyke, Ozeki, et al., 1992LL
8.47PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981LLK
8.43PIFu and Dunbar, 1978LLK
8.2 ± 0.1EIReeher, Flesch, et al., 1976LLK
8.42PERabalais and Colton, 1973LLK
8.40 ± 0.02PEMaier and Turner, 1973LLK
8.28 ± 0.04EIBenito, Seidl, et al., 1973LLK
8.53CTSLossing and Semeluk, 1969RDSH
8.43 ± 0.01PEDewar and Worley, 1969RDSH
8.42PETurner, 1966RDSH
8.47 ± 0.02PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH
8.48PEKobayashi, 1978Vertical value; LLK
8.58PIFu and Dunbar, 1978Vertical value; LLK
8.50PEBruckmann and Klessinger, 1974Vertical value; LLK
8.49PEKobayashi, Yokota, et al., 1973Vertical value; LLK
8.55PEBock, Wagner, et al., 1972Vertical value; LLK
8.55PEBock and Wagner, 1972Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C3H3+14.90 ± 0.10?EIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C4H2+19.85 ± 0.252C2H2+H2EIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C4H2+20.22 ± 0.102C2H2+H2EIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C4H3+19.61 ± 0.102C2H2+HEIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C4H4+17.25 ± 0.152C2H2EIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C5H3+17.74 ± 0.10C2H2+CH3?EIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C6H5+16.02 ± 0.10C2H2+HEIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C6H6+12.38 ± 0.05C2H2EIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C6H6+12.30 ± 0.10C2H2EIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C8H6+12.72 ± 0.10H2EIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH
C8H7+12.41 ± 0.10HEIFranklin and Carroll, 1969RDSH

De-protonation reactions

styrenide anion + Hydrogen cation = Styrene

By formula: C8H7- + H+ = C8H8

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr391.0 ± 2.5kcal/molTDEqMeot-ner and Kafafi, 1988gas phase; Acid: styrene. AM1 says ortho deprotonation prefered to alpha. Anchored to 88MEO scale.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr383.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqMeot-ner and Kafafi, 1988gas phase; Acid: styrene. AM1 says ortho deprotonation prefered to alpha. Anchored to 88MEO scale.; B

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

C3H9Si+ + Styrene = (C3H9Si+ • Styrene)

By formula: C3H9Si+ + C8H8 = (C3H9Si+ • C8H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr36.6kcal/molPHPMSLi and Stone, 1989gas phase; condensation
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr42.4cal/mol*KPHPMSLi and Stone, 1989gas phase; condensation

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: Tanya L. Myers, Russell G. Tonkyn, Ashley M. Oeck, Tyler O. Danby, John S. Loring, Matthew S. Taubman, Stephen W. Sharpe, Jerome C. Birnbaum, and Timothy J. Johnson


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1998.
NIST MS number 290820

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Rodebush and Feldman, 1946
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 9776
Instrument Beckman DU
Melting point - 31
Boiling point 145

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, NIST Free Links, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-10160.874.35Garay, 200050. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, H2
CapillaryHP-160.873.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-160.873.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-1100.885.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-1100.885.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.885.Engewald, Topalova, et al., 1987Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.884.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.885.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.884.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-101110.885.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-10190.880.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillarySqualane106.875.Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983He; Column length: 100. m
CapillarySqualane96.872.Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983He; Column length: 100. m
CapillarySE-3070.877.8Tóth, 1983N2; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSE-30100.886.Winskowski, 1983Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m
CapillarySE-30130.893.Bredael, 1982Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3080.880.Bredael, 1982Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySqualane86.872.Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane96.874.5Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.885.0Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.890.5Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-101140.897.3Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
PackedSqualane100.875.Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980He, Chromaton N-AW-HMDS; Column length: 1. m
CapillarySqualane50.860.9Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane86.872.0Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane96.874.5Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane100.915.Evans and Newton, 1976N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m
PackedSqualane100.916.Evans and Newton, 1976N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m
PackedSqualane100.916.Evans and Newton, 1976N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m
CapillaryOV-10160.873.Blazsó and Garzó, 1974Column length: 20. m
CapillarySE-3065.874.4Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.874.4Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.874.4Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.874.7Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.874.7Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.874.9Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
PackedSE-3075.878.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m
PackedSqualane100.876.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m
PackedSqualane49.863.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane67.869.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane86.874.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedDC-200100.885.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 4. m
PackedSqualane100.874.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 5. m
PackedApiezon L100.914.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 5. m
CapillarySqualane70.867.Schomburg, 1966 

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCBP-1878.Shimadzu, 200325. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1871.Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-1873.Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillarySE-54882.Rembold, Wallner, et al., 198930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 0. C @ 12. min, 12. K/min; Tend: 250. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-1875.Hoekman, 199360. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M110.1291.7Boneva and Vassilev, 199650. m/0.32 mm/0.3 μm, N2
CapillaryCarbowax 20M120.1300.Boneva and Vassilev, 199650. m/0.32 mm/0.3 μm, N2
CapillaryPEG-20M70.1255.1Tóth, 1983N2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
PackedCarbowax 20M150.1283.8Ellis and Still, 1979Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS
PackedCarbowax 20M115.1281.9Ellis and Still, 1979Chromosorb G
PackedCarbowax 20M115.1282.6Ellis and Still, 1979Chromosorb G
PackedCarbowax 20M150.1284.8Ellis and Still, 1979Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS
PackedCarbowax 20M165.1293.5Ellis and Still, 1979, 2Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS
PackedCarbowax 20M165.1293.5Ellis and Still, 1979, 2Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS
PackedCarbowax 20M165.1295.Ellis and Still, 1979, 2Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS
CapillaryCarbowax 20M90.1228.7Döring, Estel, et al., 1974Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
PackedCarbowax 20M100.1275.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCBP-201259.Shimadzu, 200325. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1254.Nagarajan, Rao, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1248.Tressl, Friese, et al., 1978He, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 190. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-5897.Engel and Ratel, 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-5MS895.Lozano P.R., Miracle E.R., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 25. min
CapillaryDB-5915.Bylaite and Meyer, 200630. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, 50. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-1914.Osorio, Alarcon, et al., 200625. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS895.Elmore, Cooper, et al., 20050. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5894.Insausti, Goñi, et al., 200550. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 35. C @ 15. min, 8. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5MS890.Pino, Mesa, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryHP-5900.Solina, Baumgartner, et al., 200525. m/0.2 mm/1. μm, He, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS893.Hierro, de la Hoz, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS897.Bruna, Hierro, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-1870.Cavalli, Fernandez, et al., 200350. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5895.2Xu, van Stee, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryBPX-5907.Bredie, Mottram, et al., 200250. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillarySPB-5880.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-1874.Kim, 200160. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillarySPB-Sulfur880.3de Lacy Costello, Evans, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/4. μm, 40. C @ 12.5 min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB871.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB898.Elmore, Mottram, et al., 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-5893.Moio, Piombino, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillarySE-54890.0Kivi-Etelätalo, Kostiainen, et al., 199750. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-1876.Specht and Baltes, 199460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-5889.Gómez, Ledbetter, et al., 1993He, 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillarySE-30872.Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 199150. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C
PackedSE-30886.Fischer and Kusch, 1990Chromosorb W AW (80-100 mesh), 5. K/min; Column length: 1.5 m; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-5888.Morinaga, Hara, et al., 199015. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 90. C
CapillarySE-54892.6Shapi and Hesso, 199025. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
CapillarySE-54892.6Shapi and Hesso, 199025. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
CapillarySE-54892.6Shapi and Hesso, 199025. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
PackedSE-30888.Haken and McKay, 1966He, Celite 560, 20. K/min; Column length: 3.0 m; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 250. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5MS898.Pérez, Navarro, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(4min) => 10C/min => 200C(0.5min) => 20C/min => 260C(5min)
CapillaryHP-5MS898.Bonaiti, Irlinger, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 5C(8min) => 3C/min => 20C => 10C/min => 150C(10min)
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB894.Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB897.Duckham, Dodson, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
CapillaryMethyl Silicone900.02Hassoun, Pilling, et al., 199950. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C(2min) => 49.9C/min => 35C(10min) => 3C/min => 200C(2min) => 40C/min => 240C(30min)
CapillaryBPX-5905.Bredie, Mottram, et al., 199850. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: OC (5min) => 60C/min => 60C(5min) => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryBPX-5904.Owens J.D., Allagheny N., et al., 199750. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: OC => 60C/min => 60C(5min) => 4C/min => 250C(20min)
CapillaryDB-1871.Mattinen, Tuominen, et al., 199530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 210C(30min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryFFAP1241.Lozano P.R., Miracle E.R., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 25. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1245.Mahadevan and Farmer, 200660. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryDB-Wax1260.Osorio, Alarcon, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1251.Alasalvar, Taylor, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 203. C
CapillaryStabilwax1248.Cros, Lignot, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101267.Elmore, Nisyrios, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryStabilwax1248.Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101262.Chung, Yung, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101262.Chung, Yung, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1247.Kim, 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryAT-Wax1245.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1244.Chevance and Farmer, 199960. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1239.Chevance and Farmer, 1999, 260. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillarySupelcowax-101262.Chung, 199960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101261.Chung, 1999, 260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillaryFFAP1285.Ott, Fay, et al., 199730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 20. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 1. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1255.Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1259.Shimoda, Wu, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101256.Chung and Cadwallader, 199360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101265.Matiella and Hsieh, 199060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101264.Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 198960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101267.Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 198960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-WAX 57CB1230.Baltes and Mevissen, 1988He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.24 mm; Tend: 210. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101262.Vejaphan, Hsieh, et al., 198860. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101267.Vejaphan, Hsieh, et al., 198860. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelcowax-101263.Bianchi, Cantoni, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 220C(1min)
CapillarySupelcowax-101261.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillarySupelcowax-101264.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 10C/min => 120C => 15C/min => 200C (1min)
CapillarySupelcowax-101263.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillarySupelcowax-101263.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillarySupelcowax-101263.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1263.Romeo, Ziino, et al., 200760. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 10C/min => 80C => 2C/min => 240C
CapillaryDB-Wax1236.Hallier, Prost, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 160C => 15C/min => 230C
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1264.Verzera, Ziino, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 10C/min => 80C => 2C/min => 240C
CapillaryHP-Innowax1267.Koprivnjak, Conte, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 40C(4min) => 10C/min => 70C => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 250C (10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1245.Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1269.Whitfield, Shea, et al., 1981Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-160.873.Shimadzu, 2003, 260. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
CapillaryOV-101100.884.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryOV-101100.885.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryOV-101100.885.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryOV-101100.885.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryMethyl Silicone50.863.N/AN2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-10132.868.Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
CapillaryOV-10180.882.Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
PackedDC-400150.895.Anderson, 1968Helium, Gas-Pak (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3.0 m
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane110.884.Ferrand, 1962 

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB878.Bramston-Cook, 201360. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
CapillaryVF-5 MS890.Leffingwell and Alford, 201160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryVF-5 MS892.Leffingwell and Alford, 201160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryHP-5893.Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 15. min
CapillaryUltra-ALLOY-5896.Tsuge, Ohtan, et al., 201130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 20. K/min, 320. C @ 13. min
CapillaryZB-5893.Harrison and Priest, 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 9. min
CapillaryRTX-5 MS895.Watcharananun, Cadwallader, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 225. C @ 10. min
CapillaryVF-5MS890.Ghiasvand, Setkova, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 7. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryHP-1877.Castel, Fernandez, et al., 200650. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-1871.Castel, Fernandez, et al., 200650. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-1878.Castel, Fernandez, et al., 200650. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-1872.Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006, 250. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 120. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillaryHP-1872.Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006, 250. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
CapillaryBPX-5887.Fons, Rapior, et al., 200625. m/0.20 mm/0.13 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryHP-5874.Jiménez, Aguilera, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
CapillaryUltra-2895.Schlumpberger B.O., Clery R.A., et al., 200650. m/0.25 mm/0.32 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 270. C
CapillaryFSOT-RSL-200897.Schmidt, Jirovetz, et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5895.Wang, Yang, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryHP-1878.Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 200550. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 60. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryHP-5891.4Leffingwell and Alford, 200560. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
CapillaryMDN-5893.van Loon, Linssen, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 270. C @ 5. min
CapillarySPB-5880.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5889.Tellez, Khan, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryHP-1876.Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 200350. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 45. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillarySPB-5895.Ledauphin, Guichard, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5891.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
CapillarySPB-1870.Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryHP-5897.García, Martín, et al., 200060. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryBP-1881.Health Safety Executive, 200050. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone873.29Baraldi, Rapparini, et al., 199960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-5892.Meynier, Novelli, et al., 199930. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-1875.Orav, Kailas, et al., 19992. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 160. C
CapillaryOV-1877.Orav, Kailas, et al., 19992. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 160. C
CapillaryOV-101875.Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999, 250. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 100. C
CapillaryDB-5893.Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-5895.Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
CapillarySPB-1872.Wong and Lai, 199650. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-5895.Larsen and Frisvad, 199535. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillarySP-2100877.Fischer and Kusch, 1993He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-1873.Shiota, 199330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-1880.Shiota, 199330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-101875.Zenkevich and Kulikova, 1993He, 3. K/min; Column length: 54. m; Column diameter: 0.26 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-1878.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199260. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-1878.Shiota, 199160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-1880.Shiota, 199160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-101883.Zenkevich and Ventura, 1991Helium, 50. C @ 0. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 0. min; Column length: 54. m; Column diameter: 0.26 mm
CapillaryHP-5874.Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryHP-5893.Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryBP-1866.Wilkins and Scholl, 198925. m/0.33 mm/1.00 μm, Nitrogen, 30. C @ 4. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 150. C
CapillarySE-30869.Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Tend: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups896.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups897.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5911.Miyazaki, Plotto, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/1.00 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C 4 0C/min -> 230 0C 100 0C/min -> 260 0C (11.7 min)
CapillaryDB-1879.Delort and Jaquier, 200960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (5 min) 3 0C/min -> 120 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 300 0C (20 min)
CapillarySqualane867.Chen, 2008Program: not specified
CapillaryCP-Sil 5 Cb895.Collin, Nizet, et al., 200850. m/0.32 mm/1.20 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 40 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C (30 min)
CapillaryHP-5 MS892.Xie, Sun, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C
CapillaryHP-5889.Zhao, Li, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min)
CapillaryHP-5891.Zhao, Li, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryVB-5897.Karlshøj, Nielsen, et al., 200760. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 35C(1min) => 4C/min => 175C => 10C/min => 260C
CapillarySE-52910.Tognolini, Barocelli, et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He; Program: 45C => 1C/min => 100C => 5C/min => 250C (10min)
CapillaryMethyl Silicone881.Blunden, Aneja, et al., 200560. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (7.75 min) 25 0C -> 225 0C (8 min)
CapillaryCP-Sil5 CB MS895.Iraqi, Vermeulen, et al., 200550. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C(2min) => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C(30min)
CapillarySPB-5893.Begnaud, Pérès, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryPolymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000)878.Cornwell and Cordano, 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5MS886.Ansorena, Gimeno, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 120C => 10C/min => 250C (5min)
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB904.Duckham, Dodson, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5 MS903.Luo and Agnew, 200130. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1883.Yen and Lin, 199960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 40 - 80 0C at 2 0C/min 80 - 200 0C at 5 0C/min 200 0C (10 min)
CapillarySPB-1887.Flanagan, Streete, et al., 199760. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C
CapillaryDB-5904.Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 199650. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min)
CapillaryDB-1871.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1871.Ciccioli, Brancaleoni, et al., 199360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 3 min at 5 C; 5 - 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 - 220 C at 5 deg/min
CapillaryDB-1875.Hathcock and Bertsch, 1993100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm; Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-1887.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
CapillarySPB-1890.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1862.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 198830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryDB-1871.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 198830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.868.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.875.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.876.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.880.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.886.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1879.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified
PackedSE-30900.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C910min) => 20C/min => 90(6min) => 10C/min => 150C(hold)
PackedSqualane871.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min => 35 => 4C/min => 95C(hold)
PackedSE-30900.Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C(10min) => 20C/min(2min) => 90C(6min) => 10C/min(6min) => (hold at 150C)
PackedSqualane871.Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min(5min) => 4C/min(15min) => (hold at 95C)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax60.1275.Shimadzu, 2003, 250. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
CapillaryCarbowax 20M90.1229.Sutter, Peterson, et al., 1997 

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-Innowax1229.Puvipirom and Chaisei, 201215. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryInnowax1262.Siristova, Prinosilova, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 8. K/min, 250. C @ 2.75 min
CapillaryStabilwax1241.Watcharananun, Cadwallader, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 225. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1247.Beck, Higbee, et al., 200860. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1252.Beck, Higbee, et al., 200860. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryInnowax1252.Kaypak and Avsar, 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-Innowax1264.Soria, Sanz, et al., 200850. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
CapillaryStabilwax1248.Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 200760. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryFFAP1268.Nebesny, Budryn, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 320. C @ 45. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1277.Wierda R.L., Fletcher G., et al., 200660. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1270.Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 200550. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 60. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1239.de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 200550. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 30. min
CapillaryPEG-20M1249.Narain, Almeida, et al., 200450. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-Innowax1257.Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 200450. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
CapillaryStabilwax1248.Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003, 260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1250.Lin, Cai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1252.Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1252.Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryHP-Wax1273.Sanz, Maeztu, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryHP-Wax1240.Sanz, Maeztu, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryHP-Wax1273.Sanz, Ansorena, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101273.Campeanu, Burcea, et al., 199860. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101255.Wong and Lai, 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1240.Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1242.Takeoka and Butter, 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1243.Takeoka and Butter, 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1252.Takeoka and Butter, 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1252.Takeoka and Butter, 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1253.Takeoka and Butter, 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1253.Takeoka and Butter, 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryInnowax1263.Siristova, Prinosilova, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1262.Miyazaki, Plotto, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C 4 0C/min -> 230 0C 100 0C/min -> 260 0C (11.7 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1248.Sampaio, Garruti, et al., 201130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 35 0C (9 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 1 0C/min -> 100 0C 16 0C/min -> 210 0C (20 min)
CapillaryBP-201310.Rodrigues, Caldera, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (1 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (2 min) 1.7 0C/min -> 180 0C (1 min) 25 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min)
CapillaryBP-201254.Pontes, Marques, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(1min) => 2.5C/min => 100C => 2C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 220C
CapillarySupelcowax-101266.Vichi, Guadayol, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C(5min)
CapillaryInnowax FSC1274.Baser, Özek, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1255.Cornwell and Cordano, 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryHP Innowax FSP1272.Tasdemir, Demirci, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C
CapillaryHP Innowax FSP1272.Tasdemir, Demirci, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C
CapillaryDB-Wax1262.Piveteau, le Guen, et al., 200060. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C(6min) => 1C/min => 130C => 10C/min => 240C (15min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1272.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5125.3Wang, Hou, et al., 200730. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-5125.2Shao, Wang, et al., 200630. m/0.3 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-5146.81Piao, Chu, et al., 199930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5135.5Durlak, Biswas, et al., 199830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 15. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryHT-5135.00Williams and Williams, 199840. C @ 8. min, 5. K/min, 400. C @ 20. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm

Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5MS127.7Aracil, Font, et al., 2005Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5MS135.40Cheng, Liu, et al., 200530. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 10 0C/min -> 230 0C

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, NIST Free Links, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of formation and combustion of 1,3-butadiene and styrene, J. Res. NBS, 1945, 34, 59-63. [all data]

Landrieu, Baylocq, et al., 1929
Landrieu, P.; Baylocq, F.; Johnson, J.R., Etude thermochimique dans la serie furanique, Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1929, 45, 36-49. [all data]

Pitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946
Pitzer, K.S.; Guttman, L.; Westrum, E.F., Jr., The heat capacity, heats of fusion and vaporization, vapor pressure, entropy, vibration frequencies and barrier to internal rotation of styrene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2209-22. [all data]

Moureu and Andre, 1914
Moureu, C.; Andre, E., Thermochimie des composes acetyleniques, Ann. Chim. Phys., 1914, 1, 113-145. [all data]

Pitzer K.S., 1946
Pitzer K.S., Jr., The heat capacity, heats of fusion and vaporization, vapor pressure, entropy, vibrational frequencies, and barrier to internal rotation of styrene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2209-2212. [all data]

Guttman L., 1943
Guttman L., Jr., The thermodynamics of styrene (phenylethylene), including equilibrium of formation from ethylbenzene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1943, 65, 1246-1247. [all data]

Scott R.B., 1945
Scott R.B., Specific heats of gaseous 1,3-butadiene, isobutene, styrene, and ethylbenzene, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand., 1945, 34, 243-254. [all data]

Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997
Thermodynamics Research Center, Selected Values of Properties of Chemical Compounds., Thermodynamics Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 1997. [all data]

Beckett C.W., 1946
Beckett C.W., The thermodynamics of styrene and its methyl derivatives, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2213-2214. [all data]

Warfield and Petree, 1961
Warfield, R.W.; Petree, M.C., Thermodynamic properties of polystyrene and styrene, J. Polymer Sci., 1961, 55, 497-505. [all data]

Pitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 2
Pitzer, K.S.; Guttman, L.; Westrum, E.F., Jr., The heat capacity, heats of fusion and vaporization, vapor pressure, entropy vibration frequencies and barrier to internal rotation of styrene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2209-2212. [all data]

Guttman and Westrum, 1943
Guttman, L.; Westrum, E.F., Jr., and Pitzer, K.S., The thermodynamics of styrene (phenylethylene), including equilibrium of formation from ethylbenzene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1943, 65, 1246-1247. [all data]

Lebedev, Lebedev, et al., 1985
Lebedev, B.V.; Lebedev, N.K.; Smirnova, N.N.; Kozyreva, N.M.; Kirillin, A.I.; Korshak, V.V., The isotope effect in the thermodynamic parameters of polymerization of styrene, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1985, SSSR 281, 379-383. [all data]

Kurbatov, 1950
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Smith and Andrews, 1931
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Pitzer, Guttman, et al., 1946, 3
Pitzer, K.S.; Guttman, L.; Westrum, E.F., The Heat Capacity, Heats of Fusion and Vaporization, Vapor Pressure Entropy, Vib. Frequencies, and Barrier to Internal Rotation of Styrene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2209. [all data]

Guttman, Westrum, et al., 1943
Guttman, L.; Westrum, E.F.; Pitzer, K.S., The Thermodynamics of Styrene (Phenylethylene) Including the Equilibrium Formation from Ethylbenzene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1943, 65, 1246. [all data]

Guttman, 1943
Guttman, L., , Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Calif., Berkeley, 1943. [all data]

Patnode and Scheiber, 1939
Patnode, Winton.; Scheiber, W.J., The Density, Thermal Expansion, Vapor Pressure, and Refractive Index of Styrene, and the Density and Thermal Expansion of Polystyrene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1939, 61, 12, 3449-3451, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01267a066 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Chaiyavech and Van Winkle, 1959
Chaiyavech, Pramote; Van Winkle, Matthew, Styrene-Ethylbenzene Vapor-Liquid Equilibria at Reduced Pressures., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1959, 4, 1, 53-56, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60001a008 . [all data]

Dreyer, Martin, et al., 1955
Dreyer, R.; Martin, W.; von Weber, U., Die S«65533»ttigungsdampfdrucke von Benzol, Toluol, «65533»thylbenzol, Styrol, Cumol und Brombenzol zwischen 10 und 760 Torr, J. Prakt. Chem., 1955, 1, 5-6, 324-328, https://doi.org/10.1002/prac.19550010508 . [all data]

Burchfield, 1942
Burchfield, P.E., Vapor Pressures of Indene, Styrene and Dicyclopentadiene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1942, 64, 10, 2501-2501, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01262a504 . [all data]

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Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Meot-ner and Kafafi, 1988
Meot-ner, M.; Kafafi, S.A., Carbon Acidities of Aromatic Compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 19, 6297, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00227a003 . [all data]

Li and Stone, 1989
Li, X.; Stone, J.A., Determination of the beta silicon effect from a mass spectrometric study of the association of trimethylsilylium ion with alkenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 15, 5586, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00197a013 . [all data]

Dolliver, Gresham, et al., 1937
Dolliver, M.a.; Gresham, T.L.; Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Vaughan, W.E., Heats of organic reactions. V. Heats of hydrogenation of various hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 831-841. [all data]

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Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
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Notes

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