germanium oxide
- Formula: GeO
- Molecular weight: 88.64
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/GeO/c1-2
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 20619-16-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Germanium monoxide
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Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Constants of diatomic molecules, NIST Free Links, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
View reactions leading to GeO+ (ion structure unspecified)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IE (evaluated) | 11.1 ± 0.15 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Ionization energy determinations
| IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11.10 | EVAL | Huber and Herzberg, 1979 | LLK |
| 11.0 ± 0.3 | EI | Hildenbrand, 1972 | LLK |
| 11.10 ± 0.10 | EI | Hildenbrand, 1971 | LLK |
| ~11.39 | S | Hildenbrand and Murad, 1969 | RDSH |
| 11.5 ± 0.5 | EI | Hildenbrand and Murad, 1969 | RDSH |
| 10.1 ± 0.8 | EI | Drowart, Degreve, et al., 1965 | RDSH |
| 11.25 | PE | White, Rosenberg, et al., 1979 | Vertical value; LLK |
| 11.25 ± 0.01 | PE | Colbourn, Dyke, et al., 1978 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
| Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ge+ | 14. ± 1. | O | EI | Drowart, Degreve, et al., 1965 | RDSH |
Constants of diatomic molecules
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, NIST Free Links, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Klaus P. Huber and Gerhard H. Herzberg
Data collected through September, 1976
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| State | electronic state and / or symmetry symbol |
| Te | minimum electronic energy (cm-1) |
| ωe | vibrational constant – first term (cm-1) |
| ωexe | vibrational constant – second term (cm-1) |
| ωeye | vibrational constant – third term (cm-1) |
| Be | rotational constant in equilibrium position (cm-1) |
| αe | rotational constant – first term (cm-1) |
| γe | rotation-vibration interaction constant (cm-1) |
| De | centrifugal distortion constant (cm-1) |
| βe | rotational constant – first term, centrifugal force (cm-1) |
| re | internuclear distance (Å) |
| Trans. | observed transition(s) corresponding to electronic state |
| ν00 | position of 0-0 band (units noted in table) |
| State | Te | ωe | ωexe | ωeye | Be | αe | γe | De | βe | re | Trans. | ν00 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional unassigned R shaded absorption bands between 66800 and 69900 cm-1. | ||||||||||||
| ↳Barrow and Rowlinson, 1954 | ||||||||||||
| F | 67474.5 | 809.0 H | 5.66 | F ← X R | 67390 H | |||||||
| ↳missing citation | ||||||||||||
| E | 49637.3 | 504.3 H | 4.8 | E ↔ X R | 49397 H | |||||||
| ↳missing citation; missing citation | ||||||||||||
| A 1Π | 37766.9 H | 650.4 H | 4.21 | 0.4133 1 2 | 0.0033 | 8.2E-7 | 1.761 | A ↔ X 2 R | 37595.4 Z | |||
| ↳missing citation; missing citation; missing citation; missing citation; Korzh and Kuznetsova, 1971; Murty, Reddy, et al., 1972; missing citation | ||||||||||||
| State | Te | ωe | ωexe | ωeye | Be | αe | γe | De | βe | re | Trans. | ν00 |
| a (3Π1) | 32132 | 734.9 H | 5.3 | (0.438) | (1.711) | a → X 2 R | 32007 H | |||||
| ↳Sharma and Padur, 1967; missing citation | ||||||||||||
| a' (3Σ+) | 27733 | 633.3 H | 2.7 | (0.389) | (1.815) | a' → X 2 3 R | 27553 H | |||||
| ↳Hager, Wilson, et al., 1974; missing citation; missing citation | ||||||||||||
| (B) | (21117) | (580.0) H | (3.5) 4 | (B → X) R | (20917) | |||||||
| ↳Tewari and Mohan, 1971 | ||||||||||||
| X 1Σ+ | 0 | 985.5 5 H | 4.29 5 | 0.4856962 2 | 0.0030756 | 4.72E-7 6 | 1.624648 7 | |||||
| ↳Torring, 1966; Hoeft, Lovas, et al., 1969; Honerjager and Tischer, 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 8 | ||||||||||||
| ↳Raymonda, Muenter, et al., 1970; Davis and Muenter, 1974 | ||||||||||||
Notes
| 1 | Perturbation between A 1Π(v=0) and a 3Π(v=8), see Capelle and Brom, 1975. |
| 2 | RKR potential curves Nair, Singh, et al., 1965, Savithry, Rao, et al., 1974, Franck-Condon factors Sinha and Chatterjee, 1973, Singh, 1974, Capelle and Brom, 1975; variation of A-X electronic transition moment Rao, Rao, et al., 1976. |
| 3 | Also observed in phosphorescence in various solid matrices at low temperature Meyer, Jones, et al., 1971; lifetime in matrices Meyer, Smith, et al., 1970. |
| 4 | Observed in thermal emission. 11 |
| 5 | From band origins Korzh and Kuznetsova, 1971 obtain ωe = 986.84 Korzh and Kuznetsova, 1971, ωexe = 4.47 Korzh and Kuznetsova, 1971. |
| 6 | Calculated De |
| 7 | Microwave sp. |
| 8 | Mol. beam el. reson. 12 13 |
| 9 | Thermochemical value (mass-spectrom.) Drowart, Degreve, et al., 1965. |
| 10 | Vertical I.P. from electron impact mass spectrometry Hildenbrand, 1971. |
| 11 | The vibrational analysis seems uncertain since the intensity distribution does not agree with that expected for such a large change of ωe. |
| 12 | μel(+GeO-) = [3.2720 + 0.0208(v+1/2)] D Raymonda, Muenter, et al., 1970. |
| 13 | gJ(v=0)= -0.1411 Honerjager and Tischer, 1973, Davis and Muenter, 1974; also magnetic susceptibility anisotropy and molecular quadrupole moment. |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Constants of diatomic molecules, NIST Free Links, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Huber and Herzberg, 1979
Huber, K.P.; Herzberg, G.,
Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure. IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules,, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1979, ,1. [all data]
Hildenbrand, 1972
Hildenbrand, D.L.,
The gaseous equilibrium Ge + SiO = GeO + Si and the dissociation energy of SiO,
High Temp. Sci., 1972, 4, 244. [all data]
Hildenbrand, 1971
Hildenbrand, D.L.,
First ionization potentials of the molecules BF, SiO and GeO,
Intern. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1971, 7, 255. [all data]
Hildenbrand and Murad, 1969
Hildenbrand, D.L.; Murad, E.,
Dissociation energy and ionization potential of silicon monoxide,
J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 51, 807. [all data]
Drowart, Degreve, et al., 1965
Drowart, J.; Degreve, F.; Verhaegen, G.; Colin, R.,
Thermochemical study of the germanium oxides using a mass spectrometer. Dissociation energy of the molecule GeO,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1965, 61, 1072. [all data]
White, Rosenberg, et al., 1979
White, M.G.; Rosenberg, R.A.; Lee, S.T.; Shirley, D.A.,
The He(I) photoelectron spectroscopy of heavy group IV-VI diatomics,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1979, 17, 323. [all data]
Colbourn, Dyke, et al., 1978
Colbourn, E.A.; Dyke, J.M.; Fackerell, A.; Morris, A.; Trickle, I.R.,
Vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectrum of the GeO(X1Σ+) molecule,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1978, 74, 2278. [all data]
Barrow and Rowlinson, 1954
Barrow, R.F.; Rowlinson, H.C.,
The absorption spectra of the gaseous monoxides of silicon, germanium and tin in the Schumann region,
Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1954, A224, 374. [all data]
Korzh and Kuznetsova, 1971
Korzh, P.D.; Kuznetsova, M.I.,
Electronic transition and isotopic effect for Ge72O and Ge74O molecules,
Opt. Spectrosc. Engl. Transl., 1971, 31, 286, In original 539. [all data]
Murty, Reddy, et al., 1972
Murty, A.A.N.; Reddy, Y.P.; Rao, P.T.,
Emission band spectrum of GeO molecule,
Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1972, 10, 834. [all data]
Sharma and Padur, 1967
Sharma, A.; Padur, J.P.,
A spectroscopic study of the chemiluminescent reaction of germanium tetrahydride with atomic oxygen,
Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1967, 90, 269. [all data]
Hager, Wilson, et al., 1974
Hager, G.; Wilson, L.E.; Hadley, S.G.,
Reactions of atomic silicon and germanium with nitrous oxide to produce electronically excited silicon monoxide and germanium monoxide,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1974, 27, 439. [all data]
Tewari and Mohan, 1971
Tewari, D.P.; Mohan, H.,
Band spectrum of the molecule germanium monoxide (GeO) in the visible region,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1971, 39, 290. [all data]
Torring, 1966
Torring, T.,
Das Mikrowellenrotationsspektrum des GeO,
Z. Naturforsch. A, 1966, 21, 287. [all data]
Hoeft, Lovas, et al., 1969
Hoeft, J.; Lovas, F.J.; Tiemann, E.; Tischer, R.; Torring, T.,
Elektrisches Dipolmoment und Mikrowellenrotationsspektrum des GeO und GeS,
Z. Naturforsch. A, 1969, 24, 1217. [all data]
Honerjager and Tischer, 1973
Honerjager, R.; Tischer, R.,
gJ-Faktor der Molekeln GeO und SiS und Anisotropie ihrer Magnetisierbarkeit,
Z. Naturforsch. A, 1973, 28, 1374. [all data]
Raymonda, Muenter, et al., 1970
Raymonda, J.W.; Muenter, J.S.; Klemperer, W.A.,
Electric dipole moment of SiO and GeO,
J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 52, 3458. [all data]
Davis and Muenter, 1974
Davis, R.E.; Muenter, J.S.,
Magnetic properties of silicon and germanium monoxide,
J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 61, 2940. [all data]
Capelle and Brom, 1975
Capelle, G.A.; Brom, J.M., Jr.,
Reactions of germanium vapor with oxidizers: photon yields and a new GeO band system,
J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 5168. [all data]
Nair, Singh, et al., 1965
Nair, K.P.R.; Singh, R.B.; Rai, D.K.,
Potential-energy curves and dissociation energies of oxides and sulfides of group IV A elements,
J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 43, 3570. [all data]
Savithry, Rao, et al., 1974
Savithry, T.; Rao, D.V.K.; Rao, P.T.,
True potential energy curves, dissociation energy and r-centroids of diatomic GeO,
Curr. Sci., 1974, 43, 329. [all data]
Sinha and Chatterjee, 1973
Sinha, S.P.; Chatterjee, C.L.,
Franck-Condon factors & r-centroids for GeO (A-X) system,
Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1973, 11, 57. [all data]
Singh, 1974
Singh, J.,
Franck-Condon factors & r-centroids for A1Π-X1Σ+ system of GeO molecule,
Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1974, 12, 528. [all data]
Rao, Rao, et al., 1976
Rao, M.L.P.; Rao, D.V.K.; Rao, P.T.,
Electronic transition-moment variation in the A1Π-X1Σ system of the GeO molecule,
J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1976, 16, 467. [all data]
Meyer, Jones, et al., 1971
Meyer, B.; Jones, Y.; Smith, J.J.; Spitzer, K.,
The spectrum of matrix-isolated GeO and GeS,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1971, 37, 100. [all data]
Meyer, Smith, et al., 1970
Meyer, B.; Smith, J.J.; Spitzer, K.,
Phosphorescent decay time of matrix-isolated GeO, GeS, SnO, and SnS, and the lifetime of the Cameron bands of CO-type diatomics,
J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 3616-3620. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Constants of diatomic molecules, NIST Free Links, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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