hydrogen fluoride

• Formula: FH
• Molecular weight: 20.00634
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/FH/h1H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 7664-39-3
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Isotopologues:
  • [2H]hydrogen fluoride
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Constants of diatomic molecules
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  =

By formula: F^- + H⁺ = HF

 +  = ( • )

By formula: F^- + HF = (F^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + HF = (Cl^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Br^- + HF = (Br^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: I^- + HF = (I^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 + 2 =  + 4

By formula: CF₄ + 2H₂O = CO₂ + 4HF

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂ + C₃H₇F = C₃H₈ + HF

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂ + C₃H₇F = C₃H₈ + HF

 + 6 +  = 10 + 2 + 3 + 6

By formula: C₄H₄F₂N₆O₁₀ + 6O₂ + C₆H₁₀O₄ = 10CO₂ + 2HF + 3N₂ + 6H₂O

C₄F₉O^- +  = (C₄F₉O^- • )

By formula: C₄F₉O^- + HF = (C₄F₉O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

C₃HF₆O^- +  = (C₃HF₆O^- • )

By formula: C₃HF₆O^- + HF = (C₃HF₆O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

C₄H₃F₆O^- +  = (C₄H₃F₆O^- • )

By formula: C₄H₃F₆O^- + HF = (C₄H₃F₆O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 +  =  + 2

By formula: CF₂O + H₂O = CO₂ + 2HF

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂HClF₄ + HF = C₂HF₅ + HCl

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂HClF₄ + HCl = C₂HCl₂F₃ + HF

(H₂F⁺ • ) +  = (H₂F⁺ • 2)

By formula: (H₂F⁺ • HF) + HF = (H₂F⁺ • 2HF)

 + 2 = 2 + 4

By formula: C₂F₄ + 2H₂ = 2C + 4HF

 +  = ( • )

By formula: HF⁺ + HF = (HF⁺ • HF)

 + 4 =  + 4

By formula: CF₄ + 4HF = CH₄ + 4F₂

H₂F⁺ +  = (H₂F⁺ • )

By formula: H₂F⁺ + HF = (H₂F⁺ • HF)

 +  =

By formula: C₂H₃F + HF = C₂H₄F₂

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

 +  =

By formula: F^- + H⁺ = HF

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Br^- + HF = (Br^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

C₃HF₆O^- +  = (C₃HF₆O^- • )

By formula: C₃HF₆O^- + HF = (C₃HF₆O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

C₄F₉O^- +  = (C₄F₉O^- • )

By formula: C₄F₉O^- + HF = (C₄F₉O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

C₄H₃F₆O^- +  = (C₄H₃F₆O^- • )

By formula: C₄H₃F₆O^- + HF = (C₄H₃F₆O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + HF = (Cl^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: F^- + HF = (F^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: HF⁺ + HF = (HF⁺ • HF)

H₂F⁺ +  = (H₂F⁺ • )

By formula: H₂F⁺ + HF = (H₂F⁺ • HF)

(H₂F⁺ • ) +  = (H₂F⁺ • 2)

By formula: (H₂F⁺ • HF) + HF = (H₂F⁺ • 2HF)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: I^- + HF = (I^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

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Check, C.E.; Faust, T.O.; Bailey, J.M.; Wright, B.J.; Gilbert, T.M.; Sunderlin, L.S., Addition of Polarization and Diffuse Functions to the LANL2DZ Basis Set for P-Block Elements, J. Phys. Chem. A,, 2001, 105, 34, 8111, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp011945l . [all data]

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Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Strong hydrogen bonding in gas-phase anions. An ion cyclotron resonance determination of fluoride binding energetics to bronsted acids from gas-phase fluoride exchange equilibria measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 2944. [all data]

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Arshadi, M.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of Halide Negative Ions in the Gas Phase. II. Comparison of Hydration Energies for the Alkali Positive and Halide Negative Ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1475, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a014 . [all data]

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Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase bihalide and pseudohalide ions. An ICR determination of hydrogen bond energies in XHY- species (X,Y = F, Cl, Br, CN), Inorg. Chem., 1984, 23, 2029. [all data]

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Caldwell, G.W.; Masucci, J.A.; Ikonomou, M.G., Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry - Binding of Molecules to Bromide and Iodide Anions, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1989, 24, 1, 8, https://doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210240103 . [all data]

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Baroody, E.E.; Carpenter, G.A., Enthalpies of formation of some fluorodinitroethyl derivatives and 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitroazobenzene, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1973, 18, 28-36. [all data]

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Tiedemann, P.W.; Anderson, S.L.; Ceyer, S.T.; Hirooka, T.; Ng, C.Y.; Mahan, B.H.; Lee, Y.T., Proton affinities of hydrogen halides determined by the molecular beam photoionization method, J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 71, 605. [all data]

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Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°gas,1 bar	Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar)
  T	Temperature
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  d(ln(kH))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
  k°H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
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