2-Butanone

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-57.02 ± 0.20kcal/molCmChao and Zwolinski, 1976ALS
Δfgas-57.05 ± 0.23kcal/molEqkBuckley and Herington, 1965Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -56.89 kcal/mol; ALS
Δfgas-56.90kcal/molCcbSinke and Oetting, 1964ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
13.63100.Chao J., 1986p=1 bar. Recommended values agree with results of statistical calculations [ Sinke G.C., 1964, Chao J., 1976] within 0.2-1.8 J/mol*K. S(T) values calculated by [ Nickerson J.K., 1961] are different from selected ones by 4-5 J/mol*K.; GT
16.49150.
19.17200.
22.97273.15
24.302 ± 0.033298.15
24.400300.
29.725400.
34.668500.
38.994600.
42.727700.
45.949800.
48.736900.
51.1451000.
53.2241100.
55.0221200.
56.5731300.
57.9131400.
59.0751500.

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
27.110 ± 0.055347.15von Geiseler G., 1973Experimental data [ Vilcu R., 1975] differ appreciably from data selected here. Their correctness seems to be doubtful (see [ Kabo G.J., 1995]). Low accuracy is also expected for experimental value of Cp(410 K)=123.85 J/mol*K [ Bennewitz K., 1938]. Please also see Nickerson J.K., 1961.; GT
27.641 ± 0.041358.79
28.370 ± 0.043371.90
28.449 ± 0.057372.15
29.099 ± 0.043385.60
29.730 ± 0.060397.15
29.780 ± 0.045399.55
30.349 ± 0.045410.70
31.479 ± 0.062432.15
33.131 ± 0.067467.15

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid-65.31 ± 0.29kcal/molCcbSinke and Oetting, 1964ALS
Δfliquid-66.68kcal/molCcbParks, Mosley, et al., 1950see Moore, Renquist, et al., 1940; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-584.17kcal/molCcbSinke and Oetting, 1964Corresponding Δfliquid = -65.29 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δcliquid-582.80kcal/molCcbParks, Mosley, et al., 1950see Moore, Renquist, et al., 1940; Corresponding Δfliquid = -66.66 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δcliquid-582.28 ± 0.37kcal/molCcbCrog and Hunt, 1942Corresponding Δfliquid = -67.18 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid57.12cal/mol*KN/AAndon, Counsell, et al., 1968DH
liquid57.079cal/mol*KN/ASinke and Oetting, 1964DH
liquid57.70cal/mol*KN/AParks, Kennedy, et al., 1956Extrapolation below 80 K, 53.47 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
38.0298.15Malhotra and Woolf, 1992T = 278 to 338 K. p = 0.1 MPa.; DH
38.77303.15Reddy, 1986T = 303.15, 313.15 K.; DH
37.86298.15Costas and Patterson, 1985T = 283.15, 298.15, 313.15 K.; DH
37.86298.15Costas and Patterson, 1985, 2DH
37.741298.15Grolier and Benson, 1984DH
37.86298.1Roux, Perron, et al., 1978T = 277 to 313 K.; DH
38.05298.15Grolier, Benson, et al., 1975DH
37.93298.15Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968T = 10 to 320 K.; DH
37.76293.Rastorguev and Ganiev, 1967T = 293 to 353 K.; DH
37.980298.15Sinke and Oetting, 1964T = 13 to 308 K.; DH
37.861298.15Parks, Kennedy, et al., 1956T = 80 to 300 K.; DH
38.41297.0Kolosovskii and Udovenko, 1934DH
38.41297.0de Kolossowsky and Udowenko, 1933DH

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil353. ± 1.KAVGN/AAverage of 88 out of 89 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus186.4 ± 0.5KAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple186.5KN/AWilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
Ttriple186.47KN/AAndon, Counsell, et al., 1968, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.04 K; TRC
Ttriple186.4KN/ASinke and Oetting, 1964, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.06 K; measured for the sample, 1/f = 1.00; TRC
Ttriple186.48KN/ASinke and Oetting, 1964, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; measured for the sample, 1/f = 1.00; TRC
Ttriple186.1KN/AParks, Kennedy, et al., 1956, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc535. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc41. ± 2.atmAVGN/AAverage of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc3.74mol/lN/AKobe, Crawford, et al., 1955Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.21 mol/l; TRC
ρc3.49mol/lN/ARosenbaum, 1951Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.06 mol/l; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap8.2 ± 0.5kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
7.48352.8N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
8.27309.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 294. to 342. K.; AC
7.77368.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 353. to 403. K.; AC
7.55412.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 397. to 479. K.; AC
7.43488.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 473. to 537. K.; AC
8.10330.A,EB,GSStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 315. to 363. K. See also Ambrose, Ellender, et al., 1975 and Collerson, Counsell, et al., 1965.; AC
8.51273.N/ADi Cave, Chianese, et al., 1978Based on data from 258. to 362. K.; AC
8.08315.CGeiseler, Quitzsch, et al., 1973AC
8.08 ± 0.02314.CNickerson, Kobe, et al., 1961AC
7.72 ± 0.02338.CNickerson, Kobe, et al., 1961AC
7.48 ± 0.02352.CNickerson, Kobe, et al., 1961AC
7.29 ± 0.02363.CNickerson, Kobe, et al., 1961AC
7.17 ± 0.02370.CNickerson, Kobe, et al., 1961AC
8.10329.N/AStull, 1947Based on data from 314. to 370. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) A (kcal/mol) β Tc (K) Reference Comment
298. to 371.12.400.2925536.8Majer and Svoboda, 1985 

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
314.6 to 370.63.98371150.207-63.904Nickerson, Kobe, et al., 1961Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
2.004186.47Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968DH
2.0169186.48Sinke and Oetting, 1964DH
2.02186.5Acree, 1991AC
2.028186.1Parks, Kennedy, et al., 1956DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
10.75186.47Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968DH
10.82186.48Sinke and Oetting, 1964DH
10.90186.1Parks, Kennedy, et al., 1956DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C4H9O+ + 2-Butanone = (C4H9O+ • 2-Butanone)

By formula: C4H9O+ + C4H8O = (C4H9O+ • C4H8O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.4kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21.2kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

C5H11O+ + 2-Butanone = (C5H11O+ • 2-Butanone)

By formula: C5H11O+ + C4H8O = (C5H11O+ • C4H8O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr29.5kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr29.4cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr20.7kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

C4H7O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone

By formula: C4H7O- + H+ = C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr367.2 ± 2.8kcal/molG+TSChyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994gas phase; Primary and secondary sites are of equal acidity by equilibration. Acidity from Zimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977; B
Δr369.2 ± 2.4kcal/molD-EAZimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr360.4 ± 2.6kcal/molIMREChyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994gas phase; Primary and secondary sites are of equal acidity by equilibration. Acidity from Zimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977; B
Δr362.4 ± 2.6kcal/molH-TSZimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977gas phase; B

C3H9Sn+ + 2-Butanone = (C3H9Sn+ • 2-Butanone)

By formula: C3H9Sn+ + C4H8O = (C3H9Sn+ • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr39.3kcal/molPHPMSStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr32.8cal/mol*KN/AStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
22.1525.PHPMSStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

CH6N+ + 2-Butanone = (CH6N+ • 2-Butanone)

By formula: CH6N+ + C4H8O = (CH6N+ • C4H8O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type NH+-O between organics

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr25.2kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner, 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr25.cal/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner, 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
11.4553.PHPMSMeot-Ner, 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + 2-Butanone = (Chlorine anion • 2-Butanone)

By formula: Cl- + C4H8O = (Cl- • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CH3)2CO, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr8.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Hydrogen + 2-Butanone = 2-Butanol

By formula: H2 + C4H8O = C4H10O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-12.95kcal/molEqkBuckley and Herington, 1965gas phase; ALS
Δr-13.0 ± 0.1kcal/molChydDolliver, Gresham, et al., 1938gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -13.2 ± 0.1 kcal/mol; At 355 °K; ALS

C4H7O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone

By formula: C4H7O- + H+ = C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr401.0 ± 4.0kcal/molCIDTGraul and Squires, 1990gas phase; B
Δr<409.00kcal/molCIDTGraul and Squires, 1988gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr393.5 ± 4.1kcal/molH-TSGraul and Squires, 1990gas phase; B

Nitric oxide anion + 2-Butanone = (Nitric oxide anion • 2-Butanone)

By formula: NO- + C4H8O = (NO- • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr42.2kcal/molICRReents and Freiser, 1981gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M

C4H7O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone

By formula: C4H7O- + H+ = C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr368.1 ± 2.9kcal/molG+TSCumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr361.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRECumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; B

(CAS Reg. No. 35730-33-7 • 42949672952-Butanone) + 2-Butanone = CAS Reg. No. 35730-33-7

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 35730-33-7 • 4294967295C4H8O) + C4H8O = CAS Reg. No. 35730-33-7

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr39.2 ± 2.2kcal/molN/ATaft, 1987gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

2-Butanol = Hydrogen + 2-Butanone

By formula: C4H10O = H2 + C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr12.96kcal/molEqkCubberley and Mueller, 1946gas phase; ALS
Δr13.664kcal/molEqkKolb and Burwell, 1945gas phase; ALS

Magnesium ion (1+) + 2-Butanone = (Magnesium ion (1+) • 2-Butanone)

By formula: Mg+ + C4H8O = (Mg+ • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr68.kcal/molICROperti, Tews, et al., 1988gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(CH3OH); M

2,2-Dimethoxybutane + Water = 2Methyl Alcohol + 2-Butanone

By formula: C6H14O2 + H2O = 2CH4O + C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr4.62 ± 0.01kcal/molCmWiberg and Squires, 1979liquid phase; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS

Hydrogen iodide + 3-Iodo-2-butanone = Iodine + 2-Butanone

By formula: HI + C4H7IO = I2 + C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-10.2kcal/molKinSolly, Golden, et al., 1970gas phase; ALS

Hydrogen + Methyl vinyl ketone = 2-Butanone

By formula: H2 + C4H6O = C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-131.6kcal/molChydVeselova and Sul'man, 1980liquid phase; ALS

Sodium ion (1+) + 2-Butanone = (Sodium ion (1+) • 2-Butanone)

By formula: Na+ + C4H8O = (Na+ • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr31.3 ± 1.7kcal/molCIDTMoision and Armentrout, 2002RCD

Henry's Law data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
20.5000.LN/A 
20.5000.MN/AThe data from Table 1 by missing citation was used to redo the regression analysis. The data for acetone in their Table 2 is wrong.
7.7 XN/AValue given here as cited in missing citation.
6.8-5200.XN/A 
4.1 to 7.7 XHowe, Mullins, et al., 1987Value given here as quoted by missing citation.
7.15800.XN/A 
18.5700.MN/A 
10. MN/AValue at T = 303. K.
18. MN/A 
17. XN/AValue given here as quoted by missing citation.
19. MN/A 
21. MButtery, Ling, et al., 1969 
7.1 RN/A 

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C4H8O+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.52 ± 0.04eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)197.7kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity190.1kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
0.000999EFDDesfrancois, Abdoul-Carime, et al., 1994EA: 1.0 meV. Dipole-bound state.; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.52PITraeger, 1985LBLHLM
9.7EIMcAdoo and Hudson, 1983LBLHLM
9.52PITraeger, McLouglin, et al., 1982LBLHLM
9.529 ± 0.005PEHernandez, Masclet, et al., 1977LLK
9.53 ± 0.01PEMouvier and Hernandez, 1975LLK
9.54 ± 0.03EIMouvier and Hernandez, 1975LLK
9.52PETam, Yee, et al., 1974LLK
9.54 ± 0.01PIPotapov and Sorokin, 1972LLK
9.54 ± 0.01PECocksey, Eland, et al., 1971LLK
9.51PEDewar and Worley, 1969RDSH
9.48 ± 0.02PIMurad and Inghram, 1964RDSH
9.53 ± 0.01PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH
9.54 ± 0.03PIVilesov, 1960RDSH
9.5 ± 0.1PIHurzeler, Inghram, et al., 1958RDSH
9.55 ± 0.03PIVilesov and Terenin, 1957RDSH
9.46PEOlivato, Guerrero, et al., 1984Vertical value; LBLHLM
9.49PEBenoit and Harrison, 1977Vertical value; LLK
9.56PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1975Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
CH3+15.49?EIPotzinger and Bunau, 1969RDSH
C2H3O+10.32C2H5PITraeger, McLouglin, et al., 1982LBLHLM
C2H3O+10.69C2H5EIMouvier and Hernandez, 1975LLK
C2H3O+10.30 ± 0.05C2H5PIPotapov and Sorokin, 1972LLK
C2H3O+10.97C2H5EIPotzinger and Bunau, 1969RDSH
C2H3O+10.3C2H5PIMurad and Inghram, 1964RDSH
C2H5+12.88?EIPotzinger and Bunau, 1969RDSH
C3H5O+9.90CH3PITraeger, 1985LBLHLM
C3H5O+10.15 ± 0.05CH3PIPotapov and Sorokin, 1972LLK
C3H5O+10.60CH3EIPotzinger and Bunau, 1969RDSH
C3H5O+10.18CH3PIMurad and Inghram, 1964, 2RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C4H7O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone

By formula: C4H7O- + H+ = C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr367.2 ± 2.8kcal/molG+TSChyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994gas phase; Primary and secondary sites are of equal acidity by equilibration. Acidity from Zimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977; B
Δr369.2 ± 2.4kcal/molD-EAZimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr360.4 ± 2.6kcal/molIMREChyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994gas phase; Primary and secondary sites are of equal acidity by equilibration. Acidity from Zimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977; B
Δr362.4 ± 2.6kcal/molH-TSZimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977gas phase; B

C4H7O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone

By formula: C4H7O- + H+ = C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr401.0 ± 4.0kcal/molCIDTGraul and Squires, 1990gas phase; B
Δr<409.00kcal/molCIDTGraul and Squires, 1988gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr393.5 ± 4.1kcal/molH-TSGraul and Squires, 1990gas phase; B

C4H7O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone

By formula: C4H7O- + H+ = C4H8O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr368.1 ± 2.9kcal/molG+TSCumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr361.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRECumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; B

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

CH6N+ + 2-Butanone = (CH6N+ • 2-Butanone)

By formula: CH6N+ + C4H8O = (CH6N+ • C4H8O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type NH+-O between organics

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr25.2kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner, 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr25.cal/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner, 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
11.4553.PHPMSMeot-Ner, 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C3H9Sn+ + 2-Butanone = (C3H9Sn+ • 2-Butanone)

By formula: C3H9Sn+ + C4H8O = (C3H9Sn+ • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr39.3kcal/molPHPMSStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr32.8cal/mol*KN/AStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
22.1525.PHPMSStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C4H9O+ + 2-Butanone = (C4H9O+ • 2-Butanone)

By formula: C4H9O+ + C4H8O = (C4H9O+ • C4H8O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.4kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21.2kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

C5H11O+ + 2-Butanone = (C5H11O+ • 2-Butanone)

By formula: C5H11O+ + C4H8O = (C5H11O+ • C4H8O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr29.5kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr29.4cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr20.7kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1982gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

Chlorine anion + 2-Butanone = (Chlorine anion • 2-Butanone)

By formula: Cl- + C4H8O = (Cl- • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CH3)2CO, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr8.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Magnesium ion (1+) + 2-Butanone = (Magnesium ion (1+) • 2-Butanone)

By formula: Mg+ + C4H8O = (Mg+ • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr68.kcal/molICROperti, Tews, et al., 1988gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(CH3OH); M

Nitric oxide anion + 2-Butanone = (Nitric oxide anion • 2-Butanone)

By formula: NO- + C4H8O = (NO- • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr42.2kcal/molICRReents and Freiser, 1981gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M

Sodium ion (1+) + 2-Butanone = (Sodium ion (1+) • 2-Butanone)

By formula: Na+ + C4H8O = (Na+ • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr31.3 ± 1.7kcal/molCIDTMoision and Armentrout, 2002RCD

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: Tanya L. Myers, Russell G. Tonkyn, Ashley M. Oeck, Tyler O. Danby, John S. Loring, Matthew S. Taubman, Stephen W. Sharpe, Jerome C. Birnbaum, and Timothy J. Johnson

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Data compiled by: Pamela M. Chu, Franklin R. Guenther, George C. Rhoderick, and Walter J. Lafferty


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin CARL DJERASSI DEPT OF CHEM STANFORD UNIV STANFORD CALIF 94305
NIST MS number 50206

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chao and Zwolinski, 1976
Chao, J.; Zwolinski, B.J., Ideal gas thermodynamic properties of propanone and 2-butanone, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1976, 5, 319-328. [all data]

Buckley and Herington, 1965
Buckley, E.; Herington, E.F.G., Equilibria in some secondary alcohol + hydrogen + ketone systems, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1618-1625. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Sinke and Oetting, 1964
Sinke, G.C.; Oetting, F.L., The chemical thermodynamic properties of methyl ethyl ketone, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 1354-1358. [all data]

Chao J., 1986
Chao J., Thermodynamic properties of key organic oxygen compounds in the carbon range C1 to C4. Part 2. Ideal gas properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1369-1436. [all data]

Sinke G.C., 1964
Sinke G.C., The chemical thermodynamic properties of methyl ethyl ketone, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 1354-1358. [all data]

Chao J., 1976
Chao J., Ideal gas thermodynamic properties of propanone and 2-butanone, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1976, 5, 319-328. [all data]

Nickerson J.K., 1961
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von Geiseler G., 1973
von Geiseler G., The heat capacity and the heat of vaporization of isomeric butylmethylketones and propylacetates, Z. Phys. Chem. (Leipzig), 1973, 252, 170-176. [all data]

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Vilcu R., Determination of heat capacities of some alcohols and ketones in vapor phase, Rev. Roum. Chim., 1975, 20, 603-609. [all data]

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Moore, G.E.; Renquist, M.L.; Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds. XX. Modern combustion data for two methylnonanes, methyl ethyl ketone, thiophene and six cycloparaffins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 1505-1507. [all data]

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Crog, R.S.; Hunt, H., Heats of combustion. II. The heats of combustion of ethyl methyl ketone and ethylene oxide, J. Phys. Chem., 1942, 46, 1162-1163. [all data]

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Andon, R.J.L.; Counsell, J.F.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XX. The low-temperature heat capacity and entropy of C4 and C5 ketones, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 1894-1897. [all data]

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Malhotra and Woolf, 1992
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Reddy, 1986
Reddy, K.S., Isentropic compressibilities of binary liquid mixtures at 303.15 and 313.15 K, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1986, 31, 238-240. [all data]

Costas and Patterson, 1985
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Costas and Patterson, 1985, 2
Costas, M.; Patterson, D., Self-association of alcohols in inert solvents, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1985, 81, 635-654. [all data]

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Grolier, J.-P.E.; Benson, G.C., Thermodynamic properties of binary mixtures containing ketones. VIII. Heat capacities and volumes of some n-alkanone + n-alkane mixtures at 298.15 K, Can. J. Chem., 1984, 62, 949-953. [all data]

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Roux, G.; Perron, G.; Desnoyers, J.E., The heat capacities and volumes of some low molecular weight amides, ketones, esters, and ethers in water over the whole solubility range, Can. J. Chem., 1978, 56, 2808-2814. [all data]

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de Kolossowsky and Udowenko, 1933
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Wilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985
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Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968, 2
Andon, R.J.L.; Counsell, J.F.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XX. The low- temperature heat capacity and entropy of C4 and C5 ketones., J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 1968, 1894-7. [all data]

Sinke and Oetting, 1964, 2
Sinke, G.C.; Oetting, F.L., The Chemical Thermodynamic Properties of Methyl Ethyl Ketone, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 1354-8. [all data]

Parks, Kennedy, et al., 1956, 2
Parks, G.S.; Kennedy, W.D.; Gates, R.R.; Mosley, J.R.; Moore, G.E.; Renquist, M.L., Thermal Data on Organic Compounds XXVI. Some Heat Capacity, Entropy and Free Energy Data for Seven Compounds Containing Oxygen, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 56-9. [all data]

Kobe, Crawford, et al., 1955
Kobe, K.A.; Crawford, H.R.; Stephenson, R.W., Critical Properties and Vapor Pressures of Some Ketones, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1955, 47, 1767-72. [all data]

Rosenbaum, 1951
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Majer and Svoboda, 1985
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Di Cave, Sergio; Chianese, Angelo; Prantera, Antonio, Vapor-liquid equilibrium of the system methylethylketone-sec-butyl alcohol, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1978, 23, 4, 279-281, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60079a013 . [all data]

Geiseler, Quitzsch, et al., 1973
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Nickerson, Kobe, et al., 1961
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Acree, 1991
Acree, William E., Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds: enthalpy of fusion and melting point temperature compilation, Thermochimica Acta, 1991, 189, 1, 37-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)87098-H . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1982
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Formation, Thermochemistry, and Relative Stabilities of Proton - Bound dimers of Oxygen n - Donor Bases from Ion Cyclotron Resonance Solvent - Exchange Equilibria Measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982, 104, 23, 6255, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00387a016 . [all data]

Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973
Grimsrud, E.P.; Kebarle, P., Gas Phase Ion Equilibria Studies of the Solvation of the Hydrogen Ion by Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Water. Effect of Hydrogen Bonding, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 24, 7939, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00805a002 . [all data]

Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984
Lias, S.G.; Liebman, J.F.; Levin, R.D., Evaluated gas phase basicities and proton affinities of molecules heats of formation of protonated molecules, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1984, 13, 695. [all data]

Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Jr., Thermochemical data on Ggs-phase ion-molecule association and clustering reactions, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1011. [all data]

Chyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994
Chyall, L.J.; Brickhouse, M.D.; Schnute, M.E.; Squires, R.R., Kinetic versus thermodynamic control in the deprotonation of unsymmetrical ketones in the gas phase, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 19, 8681, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00098a031 . [all data]

Zimmerman, Reed, et al., 1977
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Stone and Splinter, 1984
Stone, J.A.; Splinter, D.E., A high-pressure mass spectrometric study of the binding of (CH3)3Sn+ to lewis bases in the gas phase, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 59, 169. [all data]

Meot-Ner, 1984
Meot-Ner, (Mautner)M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 1. -NH+ O-, -NH+ N- and -OH+ O- Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Deviations Due to Structural Effects, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 5, 1257, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00317a015 . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984
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Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2
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Graul and Squires, 1990
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Graul and Squires, 1988
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Reents and Freiser, 1981
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Farid and McMahon, 1978
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Cubberley, A.H.; Mueller, M.B., Equilibrium studies on the dehydrogenation of primary and secondary alcohols. I. 2-Butanol, 2-octanol, cyclopentanol and benzyl alcohol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 1149-1151. [all data]

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Solly, R.K.; Golden, D.M.; Benson, S.W., Kinetics and thermochemistry of the gas phase reaction of methyl ethyl ketone with iodine. II. The heat of formation and unimolecular decomposition of 2-iodo-3-butanone, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 1970, 2, 393-407. [all data]

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Moision and Armentrout, 2002
Moision, R.M.; Armentrout, P.B., Experimental and Theoretical Dissection of Sodium Cation/Glycine Interactions, J. Phys. Chem A, 2002, 106, 43, 10350, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0216373 . [all data]

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Buttery, Ling, et al., 1969
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Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Desfrancois, Abdoul-Carime, et al., 1994
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Traeger, 1985
Traeger, J.C., Heat of formation for the propanoyl cation by photoionization mass spectrometry, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1985, 20, 223. [all data]

McAdoo and Hudson, 1983
McAdoo, D.J.; Hudson, C.E., The decompositions of metastable [C4H8O]+ ions and the [C4H8O]+ potential surface, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1983, 18, 466. [all data]

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Hernandez, Masclet, et al., 1977
Hernandez, R.; Masclet, P.; Mouvier, G., Spectroscopie de photoelectrons d'aldehydes et de cetones aliphatiques, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1977, 10, 333. [all data]

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Mouvier, G.; Hernandez, R., Ionisation and appearance potentials of alkylketones, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1975, 10, 958. [all data]

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Tam, W.-C.; Yee, D.; Brion, C.E., Photoelectron spectra of some aldehydes and ketones, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1974, 4, 77. [all data]

Potapov and Sorokin, 1972
Potapov, V.K.; Sorokin, V.V., Kinetic energies of products of dissociative photoionization of molecules. I. Aliphatic ketones and alcohols, Khim. Vys. Energ., 1972, 6, 387. [all data]

Cocksey, Eland, et al., 1971
Cocksey, B.J.; Eland, J.H.D.; Danby, C.J., The effect of alkyl substitution on ionisation potential, J. Chem. Soc., 1971, (B), 790. [all data]

Dewar and Worley, 1969
Dewar, M.J.S.; Worley, S.D., Photoelectron spectra of molecules. I. Ionization potentials of some organic molecules and their interpretation, J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 50, 654. [all data]

Murad and Inghram, 1964
Murad, E.; Inghram, M.G., Photoionization of aliphatic ketones, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 40, 3263. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Vilesov, 1960
Vilesov, F.I., The photoionization of vapors of compounds whose molecules contain carbonyl groups, Dokl. Phys. Chem., 1960, 132, 521, In original 1332. [all data]

Hurzeler, Inghram, et al., 1958
Hurzeler, H.; Inghram, M.G.; Morrison, J.D., Photon impact studies of molecules using a mass spectrometer, J. Chem. Phys., 1958, 28, 76. [all data]

Vilesov and Terenin, 1957
Vilesov, F.I.; Terenin, A.N., The photoionization of the vapors of certain organic compounds, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1957, 115, 744, In original 539. [all data]

Olivato, Guerrero, et al., 1984
Olivato, P.R.; Guerrero, S.A.; Modelli, A.; Granozzi, G.; Jones, D.; Distefano, G., Electronic interaction in heterosubstituted acetones studied by means of ultraviolet photoelectron and electron transmission spectroscopy, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, 1984, 1505. [all data]

Benoit and Harrison, 1977
Benoit, F.M.; Harrison, A.G., Predictive value of proton affinity. Ionization energy correlations involving oxygenated molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 3980. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1975
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Yamazaki, T.; Wakabayashi, H., UV photoelectron spectra and sum rule consideration; out-of-plane orbitals of unsaturated compounds with planar-skeleton structure, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1975, 6, 41. [all data]

Potzinger and Bunau, 1969
Potzinger, P.; Bunau, G.v., Empirische Beruksichtigung von Uberschussenergien bei der Auftrittspotentialbestimmung, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 466. [all data]

Murad and Inghram, 1964, 2
Murad, E.; Inghram, M.G., Thermodynamic properties of the acetyl radical and bond dissociation energies in aliphatic carbonyl compounds, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 41, 404. [all data]


Notes

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