Dichlorodifluoromethane
- Formula: CCl2F2
- Molecular weight: 120.914
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 75-71-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Methane, dichlorodifluoro-; Algofrene Type 2; Arcton 12; Arcton 6; Chlorofluoromethane (CCl2F2); Difluorodichloromethane; Electro-CF 12; F 12; Freon 12; Frigen 12; FC 12; Genetron 12; Isceon 122; Isotron 12; Ledon 12; R 12; R 12, Refrigerant; Refrigerant 12; CF2Cl2; Fluorocarbon 12; Propellant 12; Dwuchlorodwufluorometan; Eskimon 12; Freon F-12; Kaiser chemicals 12; Rcra waste number U075; Ucon 12; Ucon 12/halocarbon 12; UN 1028; CCl2F2; Halon 122; CFC-12; Halocarbon 12; Isotron 2; Propellent 12; Refrigerant R12; Chlorofluorocarbon 12; Dymel 12; FCC 12; FKW 12; Forane 12
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -117.50 | kcal/mol | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
ΔfH°gas | -114.1 ± 1.3 | kcal/mol | Cm | Kolesov, Zenkov, et al., 1963 | Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -112.1 ± 1.2 kcal/mol; Reaction with Na; ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -114.0 ± 3.0 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Wartenberg and Schiefer, 1955 | Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -113. kcal/mol; ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -112. ± 2. | kcal/mol | Cm | Kirkbride and Davidson, 1954 | Von Wartenberg method; ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°gas,1 bar | 71.914 | cal/mol*K | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)
Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 +
E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 +
C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 −
E/(2*t2) + G
Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | 298. to 1100. | 1100. to 6000. |
---|---|---|
A | 11.47470 | 25.66049 |
B | 33.26501 | 0.096760 |
C | -29.71621 | -0.019606 |
D | 9.500830 | 0.001360 |
E | -0.151490 | -1.364100 |
F | -122.6650 | -129.0030 |
G | 76.26740 | 97.14771 |
H | -117.5000 | -117.5000 |
Reference | Chase, 1998 | Chase, 1998 |
Comment | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
30.31 | 290. | Buffington and Fleischer, 1931 | Heat capacity measured at 230 K and 290 K using two different methods. Cp at 230 K is 106.3 J/mol*K. |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 243.3 | K | N/A | PCR Inc., 1990 | BS |
Tboil | 243. | K | N/A | Krauss and Stephan, 1989 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC |
Tboil | 243.4 | K | N/A | Streng, 1971 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC |
Tboil | 242. | K | N/A | Awbery and Griffiths, 1936 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 5. K; TRC |
Tboil | 245.35 | K | N/A | Thornton, Burg, et al., 1933 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 115.2 | K | N/A | Streng, 1971 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 116.100 | K | N/A | Blanke and Weiss, 1991 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; on ITS-90; TRC |
Ttriple | 115.15 | K | N/A | Krauss and Stephan, 1989 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 390.35 | K | N/A | Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ptriple | 0.000099 | atm | N/A | Blanke and Weiss, 1991 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.00006 atm; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 385.15 | K | N/A | Krauss and Stephan, 1989 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC |
Tc | 385.15 | K | N/A | Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Tc | 385.01 | K | N/A | Okada, Uematsu, et al., 1986 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; Tc selected from literature to correlate density meas.; TRC |
Tc | 385.01 | K | N/A | Higashi, Okazaki, et al., 1984 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC |
Tc | 302.3 | K | N/A | Michels, Wassenaar, et al., 1966 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.06 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 40.77 | atm | N/A | Krauss and Stephan, 1989 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 atm; TRC |
Pc | 40.65 | atm | N/A | Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.20 atm; TRC |
Pc | 40.75 | atm | N/A | Higashi, Okazaki, et al., 1984 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.15 atm; TRC |
Pc | 38.6000 | atm | N/A | Michels, Wassenaar, et al., 1966 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0599 atm; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ρc | 4.789 | mol/l | N/A | Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.004 mol/l; TRC |
ρc | 4.70 | mol/l | N/A | Okada, Uematsu, et al., 1986 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0469 mol/l; Density measured with magnetic densimeter. Tc, Dc selected from literature to correlate density measurements. R12; TRC |
ρc | 4.70 | mol/l | N/A | Higashi, Okazaki, et al., 1984 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.04 mol/l; TRC |
ρc | 5.54 | mol/l | N/A | Michels, Wassenaar, et al., 1966 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 mol/l; TRC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
4.78 | 297. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 282. to 345. K.; AC |
5.11 | 229. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 173. to 244. K.; AC |
5.16 | 225. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 173. to 240. K.; AC |
4.88 | 270. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 236. to 285. K.; AC |
4.90 | 356. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 341. to 385. K.; AC |
5.47 | 187. | N/A | Kudchadker, Kudchadker, et al., 1979 | Based on data from 172. to 279. K.; AC |
5.14 | 228. | N/A | Stull, 1947 | Based on data from 154. to 243. K.; AC |
4.88 | 243. | N/A | Buffington and Fleischer, 1931 | AC |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)
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Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
154.7 to 243.4 | 3.80538 | 782.072 | -37.773 | Stull, 1947 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 12.0 ± 0.2 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Electron affinity determinations
EA (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
0.40 ± 0.20 | NBIE | Dispert and Lacmann, 1978 | B |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
12.26 ± 0.02 | PI | Kischlat and Morgner, 1985 | LBLHLM |
11.87 ± 0.02 | PI | Wang and Leroi, 1983 | LBLHLM |
11.75 | PI | Jochims, Lohr, et al., 1976 | LLK |
11.75 ± 0.04 | PI | Ajello, Huntress, et al., 1976 | LLK |
12.31 ± 0.05 | PI | Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962 | RDSH |
11.7 ± 0.5 | EI | Baker and Tate, 1938 | RDSH |
12.24 ± 0.01 | PE | Jadrny, Karlsson, et al., 1977 | Vertical value; LLK |
12.3 | PE | Doucet, Sauvageau, et al., 1973 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Data compiled by: Pamela M. Chu, Franklin R. Guenther, George C. Rhoderick, and Walter J. Lafferty
- gas; IFS66V (Bruker); 3-Term B-H Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm-1 resolution - gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Boxcar Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm-1 resolution - gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Happ Genzel Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm-1 resolution - gas; IFS66V (Bruker); NB Strong Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm-1 resolution - gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Triangular Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm-1 resolution
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr.,
NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]
Kolesov, Zenkov, et al., 1963
Kolesov, V.P.; Zenkov, I.D.; Skuratov, S.M.,
Standard enthalpies of formation of chlorotrifluoromethane and dichlorodifluoromethane,
Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1963, 37, 378-379. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Wartenberg and Schiefer, 1955
Wartenberg, H.V.; Schiefer, J.,
Bildungswarmen von fluor-chlor-kohlenstoff-verbindungen,
Z. Anorg. Chem., 1955, 278, 326-332. [all data]
Kirkbride and Davidson, 1954
Kirkbride, F.W.; Davidson, F.G.,
Heats of formation of gaseous fluoro- and fluorochloro-carbons,
Nature (London), 1954, 174, 79-80. [all data]
Buffington and Fleischer, 1931
Buffington, R.M.; Fleischer, J.,
Thermodynamic properties of dichlorodifluoromethane, a new refrigerant. IV. Specific heat of liquid and vapor and latent heat of vaporization,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1931, 23, 1290-1292. [all data]
PCR Inc., 1990
PCR Inc.,
Research Chemicals Catalog 1990-1991, PCR Inc., Gainesville, FL, 1990, 1. [all data]
Krauss and Stephan, 1989
Krauss, R.; Stephan, K.,
Thermal Conductivity of Refrigerants in a Wide Range of Temperature and Pressure,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1989, 18, 43. [all data]
Streng, 1971
Streng, A.G.,
Miscibility and Compatibility of Some Liquid and Solidified Gases at Low Temperature,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1971, 16, 357. [all data]
Awbery and Griffiths, 1936
Awbery, J.H.; Griffiths, E.,
The Viscosities of Some Liquid Refrigerants,
Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1936, 48, 372-80. [all data]
Thornton, Burg, et al., 1933
Thornton, N.V.; Burg, A.B.; Schlesinger, H.I.,
The Behaviour of Dichlorodifluoromethane and of Chlorotrifluoromethane in the Electric Discharge,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1933, 55, 3177. [all data]
Blanke and Weiss, 1991
Blanke, W.; Weiss, R.,
Thermodynamic properties of refrigerants. Part I: the triple points of the refrigerants R11, R12, R22, R142b, and 152a,
PTB-Mitt., 1991, 101, 337-9. [all data]
Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987
Altunin, V.V.; Geller, V.Z.; Kremenvskaya, E.A.; Perel'shtein, I.I.; Petrov, E.K.,
Thermophysical Properties of Freons, Methane Ser. Part 2, Vol. 9, NSRDS-USSR, Selover, T. B., Ed., Hemisphere, New York, 1987. [all data]
Okada, Uematsu, et al., 1986
Okada, M.; Uematsu, M.; Watanabe, K.,
Orthobaric liquid densities of trichloro-fluoromethane, dichlorodi-fluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane, 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane, and of the azeotropic mixtur,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1986, 18, 527. [all data]
Higashi, Okazaki, et al., 1984
Higashi, Y.; Okazaki, S.; Takaishi, Y.; Uematsu, M.; Watanabe, K.,
Measurements of the Vapor-Liquid Coexistence Curve for the Binary R12 + R22 System in the Critical Region,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1984, 29, 31-6. [all data]
Michels, Wassenaar, et al., 1966
Michels, A.; Wassenaar, T.; Wolkers, G.J.; Prins, Chr.; van de Klundert, L.,
P-v-t data and thermodynamical properties of freon-12 (ccl(2)f(2)) and freon-13 (cclf(3)) fluorocarbons at temperatures between 0 and 150c and at pressures up to 400 atm,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1966, 11, 449. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Kudchadker, Kudchadker, et al., 1979
Kudchadker, A.P.; Kudchadker, S.A.; Shukla, R.P.; Patnaik, P.R.,
Vapor pressures and boiling points of selected halomethanes,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1979, 8, 2, 499, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555600
. [all data]
Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R.,
Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022
. [all data]
Dispert and Lacmann, 1978
Dispert, H.; Lacmann, K.,
Negative ion formation in collisions between potassium and fluoro- and chloromethanes: Electron affinities and bond dissociation energies,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1978, 28, 49. [all data]
Kischlat and Morgner, 1985
Kischlat, W.; Morgner, H.,
Comparative study of He(23S)-penning ionization and He(I) photoionization of CF4, CCl4, and the chlorofluoromethanes by electron-ion coincidence,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1985, 35, 273. [all data]
Wang and Leroi, 1983
Wang, F.C.-Y.; Leroi, G.E.,
Photoionization and fragmentation of halogenated methanes,
Ann. Isr. Phys. Soc., 1983, 6, 210. [all data]
Jochims, Lohr, et al., 1976
Jochims, H.-W.; Lohr, W.; Baumgartel, H.,
Photoreactions of small organic molecules V. Absorption-, photoion- and resonancephotoelectron-spectra of CF3Cl, CF2Cl2, CFCl3 in the energy range 10-25 eV,
Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1976, 80, 130. [all data]
Ajello, Huntress, et al., 1976
Ajello, J.M.; Huntress, W.T., Jr.; Rayermann, P.,
A photoionization mass spectrometer study of CFCl3, CF2Cl2 and CF3Cl,
J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 64, 4746. [all data]
Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J.,
Ionization potentials of some molecules,
J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]
Baker and Tate, 1938
Baker, R.F.; Tate, J.T.,
Ionization and dissociation by electron impact in CCl2F2 and in CCl4 vapor,
Phys. Rev., 1938, 53, 683. [all data]
Jadrny, Karlsson, et al., 1977
Jadrny, R.; Karlsson, L.; Mattsson, L.; Siegbahn, K.,
Valence electron spectra of the chlorofluoromethanes CF3Cl, CF2Cl2 and CFCl3,
Phys. Scr., 1977, 16, 235. [all data]
Doucet, Sauvageau, et al., 1973
Doucet, J.; Sauvageau, P.; Sandorfy, C.,
Vacuum ultraviolet and photoelectron spectra of fluoro-chloro derivatives of methane,
J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 58, 3708. [all data]
Zayats, Perov, et al., 1985
Zayats, A.Yu.; Perov, A.A.; Simonov, A.P.,
Formation of long-lived Rydberg atoms upon excitation of NF3 and CF2Cl2 molecules by electron impact,
Sov. J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 2, 1906. [all data]
Schenk, Oertel, et al., 1979
Schenk, H.; Oertel, H.; Baumgartel, H.,
Photoreactions of small organic molecules VII Photoionization studies on the ion-pair formation of the fluorochloromethanes CF2Cl2, CF3Cl, and CFCl3,
Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1979, 83, 683. [all data]
Leyland, Majer, et al., 1970
Leyland, L.M.; Majer, J.R.; Robb, J.C.,
Heat of formation of the CF2Cl. radical,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1970, 66, 898. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid EA Electron affinity IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy Pc Critical pressure Ptriple Triple point pressure S°gas,1 bar Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar) Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ρc Critical density - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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