Ethylbenzene

Formula: C₈H₁₀
Molecular weight: 106.1650
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C8H10/c1-2-8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h3-7H,2H2,1H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 100-41-4
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Isotopologues:
- Ethylbenzene-d10
Other names: Benzene, ethyl-; Ethylbenzol; EB; Phenylethane; Aethylbenzol; Ethylbenzeen; Etilbenzene; Etylobenzen; NCI-C56393; UN 1175; α-Methyltoluene; NSC 406903
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Other data available:
- Ion clustering data
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- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_gas	29.8 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen, Gilmont, et al., 1945	Hf by Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946; ALS
Δ_fH°_gas	49.0 ± 4.0	kJ/mol	Ccb	N/A	Value computed using Δ_fH_liquid° from missing citation and Δ_vapH° value of 42.2 kJ/mol from missing citation. recalculated with modern CO2,H2O thermo; estimated uncertainty (NOTE all values in source also have wrong sign); DRB
Δ_fH°_gas	69.3	kJ/mol	N/A	Moureu and Andre, 1914	Value computed using Δ_fH_liquid° value of 27.0 kj/mol from Moureu and Andre, 1914 and Δ_vapH° value of 42.3 kj/mol from Prosen, Gilmont, et al., 1945.; DRB
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_gas	360.6 ± 0.5	J/mol*K	N/A	Miller A., 1978	S(298.16 K)=361.5 J/mol*K was obtained from earlier experimental data [ Guttman L., 1943].; GT

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

C_p,gas (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
44.37	50.	Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997	Recommended values are in good agreement with other statistically calculated data [ Miller A., 1978, Taylor W.J., 1946].; GT
57.72	100.
72.35	150.
88.54	200.
116.88	273.15
127.40	298.15
128.19	300.
169.95	400.
206.58	500.
236.75	600.
261.51	700.
282.08	800.
299.37	900.
314.04	1000.
326.56	1100.
337.27	1200.
346.48	1300.
354.41	1400.
361.27	1500.

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

C_p,gas (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
159.24 ± 0.80	373.15	Hossenlopp I.A., 1981	Heat capacities determined from acoustical measurements [ Colgate S.O., 1990] (124.98, 138.21, 158.84, and 173.88 J/mol*K at 298.15, 323.15, 373.15, and 408.15 K, respectively) are slightly lower than calorimetric ones. Please also see Scott R.B., 1945.; GT
164.25 ± 0.33	385.65
169.25 ± 0.34	398.15
178.96 ± 0.36	423.15
188.28 ± 0.38	448.15
197.35 ± 0.39	473.15
205.94 ± 0.41	498.15
214.02 ± 0.43	523.15

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_liquid	-12.5 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen, Gilmont, et al., 1945	Hf by Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946; ALS
Δ_fH°_liquid	6.8 ± 4.0	kJ/mol	Ccb	N/A	recalculated with modern CO2,H2O thermo; estimated uncertainty (NOTE all values in source also have wrong sign); DRB
Δ_fH°_liquid	27.	kJ/mol	Ccb	Moureu and Andre, 1914	ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_cH°_liquid	-4567. ± 20.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_liquid	255.01	J/mol*K	N/A	Guthrie, Spitzer, et al., 1944	DH
S°_liquid	256.1	J/mol*K	N/A	Huffman, Parks, et al., 1930	Extrapolation below 90 K, 61.09 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

C_p,liquid (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
184.8	293.31	Andolenko and Grigor'ev, 1979	T = 293 to 393 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum given as 1.741 kJ/kg*K.; DH
185.572	298.15	Fortier and Benson, 1979	DH
185.559	298.15	Fortier and Benson, 1977	DH
185.78	298.15	Fortier, Benson, et al., 1976	DH
161.	295.	Tschamler, 1948	DH
185.8	298.	Kurbatov, 1947	T = 15 to 18 C, mean Cp, four temperatures.; DH
186.04	298.15	Scott and Brickwedde, 1945	T = 15 to 300 K.; DH
185.81	298.15	Guthrie, Spitzer, et al., 1944	T = 13 to 305 K.; DH
178.7	302.8	de Kolossowsky and Udowenko, 1934	DH
178.7	302.7	Kolosovskii and Udovenko, 1934	DH
186.6	298.15	Blacet, Leighton, et al., 1931	T = 286 to 368 K. Heat capacity reported as 0.420 cal g-1 K-1 at 25 C.; DH
183.7	298.5	Smith and Andrews, 1931	T = 102 to 299 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
181.6	297.4	Huffman, Parks, et al., 1930	T = 93 to 305 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
181.6	303.	Willams and Daniels, 1924	T = 303 to 343 K. Equation only.; DH
184.5	298.	von Reis, 1881	T = 292 to 425 K.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	409.3 ± 0.4	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 79 out of 96 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_fus	179. ± 2.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 15 out of 16 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_triple	178.15	K	N/A	Scott and Brickwedde, 1945, 2	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
T_triple	178.	K	N/A	Huffman, Parks, et al., 1930, 2	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_c	617. ± 2.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_c	36.4 ± 0.9	bar	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
V_c	0.374	l/mol	N/A	Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
ρ_c	2.68 ± 0.010	mol/l	N/A	Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
ρ_c	2.670	mol/l	N/A	Simon, 1957	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.04 mol/l; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_vapH°	41. ± 4.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
35.57	409.3	N/A	Majer and Svoboda, 1985
42.490	294.01	N/A	Scott and Brickwedde, 1945	DH
41.8	313.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 298. to 420. K.; AC
37.0	424.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 409. to 459. K.; AC
35.8	472.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 457. to 554. K.; AC
35.5	564.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 549. to 617. K.; AC
40.6	335.	N/A	Paul, Krug, et al., 1986	Based on data from 320. to 400. K.; AC
40.5 ± 0.1	328.	C	Svoboda, Charvátová, et al., 1982	AC
39.5 ± 0.1	343.	C	Svoboda, Charvátová, et al., 1982	AC
38.6 ± 0.1	358.	C	Svoboda, Charvátová, et al., 1982	AC
40.0	345.	MM	Willingham, Taylor, et al., 1945	Based on data from 330. to 410. K. See also Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH = A exp(-βT_r) (1 − T_r)^β
Δ_vapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
T_r = reduced temperature (T / T_c)

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Temperature (K)	A (kJ/mol)	β	T_c (K)	Reference	Comment
295. to 437.	58.32	0.2823	617.1	Majer and Svoboda, 1985

Entropy of vaporization

Δ_vapS (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
144.5	294.01	Scott and Brickwedde, 1945	DH

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
420.00 to 600.00	4.40536	1695.026	-23.698	Ambrose, Broderick, et al., 1967	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
329.74 to 410.27	4.07488	1419.315	-60.539	Williamham, Taylor, et al., 1945

Enthalpy of fusion

Δ_fusH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
9.1818	178.15	Scott and Brickwedde, 1945	DH
9.163	178.17	Guthrie, Spitzer, et al., 1944	DH
9.16	178.2	Domalski and Hearing, 1996	AC
9.163	178.0	Huffman, Parks, et al., 1930	DH

Entropy of fusion

Δ_fusS (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
51.54	178.15	Scott and Brickwedde, 1945	DH
51.43	178.17	Guthrie, Spitzer, et al., 1944	DH
51.48	178.0	Huffman, Parks, et al., 1930	DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C₈H₉^- + = Ethylbenzene

By formula: C₈H₉^- + H⁺ = C₈H₁₀

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1699. ± 19.	kJ/mol	CIDT	Graul and Squires, 1990	gas phase; From decarboxylation threshold. Stable form probably the spiro[2.5]octadienide Maas and van Keelen, 1989; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1664. ± 20.	kJ/mol	H-TS	Graul and Squires, 1990	gas phase; From decarboxylation threshold. Stable form probably the spiro[2.5]octadienide Maas and van Keelen, 1989; B

C₈H₉^- + = Ethylbenzene

By formula: C₈H₉^- + H⁺ = C₈H₁₀

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1589. ± 8.8	kJ/mol	G+TS	Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1562. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	IMRE	Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

2 + = Ethylbenzene

By formula: 2H₂ + C₈H₆ = C₈H₁₀

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-276.6 ± 0.3	kJ/mol	Chyd	Davis, Allinger, et al., 1985	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-271. ± 4.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and McLafferty, 1971	liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbon; ALS
Δ_rH°	-296. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	Chyd	Flitcroft and Skinner, 1958	liquid phase; ALS

+ Ethylbenzene = ( • )

By formula: NO^- + C₈H₁₀ = (NO^- • C₈H₁₀)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	186.	kJ/mol	ICR	Reents and Freiser, 1981	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M

Ethylbenzene + 3 =

By formula: C₈H₁₀ + 3H₂ = C₈H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-201.6 ± 0.42	kJ/mol	Chyd	Dolliver, Gresham, et al., 1937	gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -204.7 ± 0.4 kJ/mol; At 355 °K; ALS

+ Ethylbenzene = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₈H₁₀ = (Cl^- • C₈H₁₀)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	20.9	kJ/mol	TDEq	French, Ikuta, et al., 1982	gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
21.	300.	PHPMS	French, Ikuta, et al., 1982	gas phase; M

Ethylbenzene + = C₈H₉Br +

By formula: C₈H₁₀ + C₆H₅Br = C₈H₉Br + C₆H₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-0.59 ± 0.021	kJ/mol	Cm	Merdzhanov, Alenin, et al., 1982	gas phase; Heat of isomerization at 349 K; ALS

+ = Ethylbenzene

By formula: C₈H₈ + H₂ = C₈H₁₀

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-117.2 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	Chyd	Abboud, Jimenez, et al., 1995	liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbon; Like gas phase; ALS

Ethylbenzene = +

By formula: C₈H₁₀ = C₈H₈ + H₂

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	124.85	kJ/mol	Eqk	Ghosh, Ram Das Guha, et al., 1945	gas phase; ALS

Henry's Law data

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Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

k°_H (mol/(kg*bar))	d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
0.12	5100.	L	N/A
0.15	4600.	M	N/A
0.11		Q	N/A	Several references are given in the list of Henry's law constants but not assigned to specific species.
0.13	4600.	M	N/A
0.12		Q	N/A	missing citation give several references for the Henry's law constants but don't assign them to specific species.
0.11	5500.	X	N/A
0.12	5000.	X	N/A
0.16	1700.	X	N/A
0.13		L	N/A
0.14	5500.	X	N/A
0.12		M	Mackay, Shiu, et al., 1979
0.11		T	Mackay, Shiu, et al., 1979
0.12		V	N/A
0.17	6100.	M	N/A
0.15		V	Bohon and Claussen, 1951

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C₈H₁₀⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
IE (evaluated)	8.77 ± 0.01	eV	N/A	N/A	L
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Proton affinity (review)	788.0	kJ/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	HL
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Gas basicity	760.3	kJ/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	HL

Proton affinity at 298K

Proton affinity (kJ/mol)	Reference	Comment
789.9	Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000	Experimental literature data re-evaluated by the authors using ab initio protonation entropies; MM

Gas basicity at 298K

Gas basicity (review) (kJ/mol)	Reference	Comment
760.2	Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000	Experimental literature data re-evaluated by the authors using ab initio protonation entropies; MM

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
8.77	PE	Howell, Goncalves, et al., 1984	LBLHLM
8.61	PE	Klasinc, Kovac, et al., 1983	LBLHLM
8.65 ± 0.10	EI	Selim and Helal, 1982	LBLHLM
8.76	EI	McLoughlin, Morrison, et al., 1979	LLK
8.768 ± 0.008	EQ	Lias and Ausloos, 1978	LLK
8.75 ± 0.05	PI	Akopyan and Vilesov, 1966	RDSH
8.76 ± 0.01	PI	Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962	RDSH
8.77 ± 0.01	S	Hammond, Price, et al., 1950	RDSH
8.77	PE	Howell, Goncalves, et al., 1984	Vertical value; LBLHLM
8.73	PE	Klasinc, Kovac, et al., 1983	Vertical value; LBLHLM
9.38	PE	Deshmukh, Dutta, et al., 1982	Vertical value; LBLHLM

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
C₅H₅⁺	16.2 ± 0.2	C₂H₂+CH₃	EI	Tajima and Tsuchiya, 1973	LLK
C₆H₆⁺	11.0 ± 0.1	C₂H₄?	PI	Akopyan and Vilesov, 1966	RDSH
C₇H₇⁺	9.9 ± 0.1	CH₃	TRPI	Lifshitz and Malinovich, 1984	LBLHLM
C₇H₇⁺	10.15 ± 0.10	CH₃	EI	Selim and Helal, 1982	LBLHLM
C₇H₇⁺	10.06	CH₃	EI	McLoughlin, Morrison, et al., 1979	LLK
C₇H₇⁺	10.9 ± 0.1	CH₃	PI	Akopyan and Vilesov, 1966	RDSH
C₈H₉⁺	10.60	H	EI	McLoughlin, Morrison, et al., 1979	LLK
C₈H₉⁺	12.1 ± 0.1	H	PI	Akopyan and Vilesov, 1966	RDSH
C₈H₉⁺	11.4 ± 0.1	H	EI	Meyer, Haynes, et al., 1965	RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C₈H₉^- + = Ethylbenzene

By formula: C₈H₉^- + H⁺ = C₈H₁₀

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1699. ± 19.	kJ/mol	CIDT	Graul and Squires, 1990	gas phase; From decarboxylation threshold. Stable form probably the spiro[2.5]octadienide Maas and van Keelen, 1989; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1664. ± 20.	kJ/mol	H-TS	Graul and Squires, 1990	gas phase; From decarboxylation threshold. Stable form probably the spiro[2.5]octadienide Maas and van Keelen, 1989; B

C₈H₉^- + = Ethylbenzene

By formula: C₈H₉^- + H⁺ = C₈H₁₀

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1589. ± 8.8	kJ/mol	G+TS	Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1562. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	IMRE	Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

gas; HP-GC/MS/IRD

Data compiled by: Pamela M. Chu, Franklin R. Guenther, George C. Rhoderick, and Walter J. Lafferty

gas; IFS66V (Bruker); 3-Term B-H Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Boxcar Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Happ Genzel Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
gas; IFS66V (Bruker); NB Strong Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Triangular Apodization
0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner	NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin	NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1990.
NIST MS number	114918

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Gas Chromatography

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Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-1	0.	850.6	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	10.	844.5	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	20.	846.8	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	30.	843.4	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	40.	841.8	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	50.	843.5	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	60.	848.1	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	150.	866.85	Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2002	He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.24 mm
Capillary	ZB-5	120.	879.95	Lebrón-Aguilar, Eduardo Quintanilla-López, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	OV-101	60.	847.3	Chen, Liang, et al., 2001	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	C78, Branched paraffin	130.	875.4	Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000	He; Column length: 3.3 m
Capillary	HP-101	60.	848.34	Garay, 2000	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, H2
Capillary	HP-101	60.	848.34	Garay, 2000	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, H2
Capillary	OV-1	100.	859.2	Zhu, Zhang, et al., 1999	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	DB-1	140.	861.	Beens, Tijssen, et al., 1998	10. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He
Capillary	DB-1	60.	847.	Beens, Tijssen, et al., 1998	10. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He
Capillary	DB-1	60.	850.	Dewulf, Van Langenhove, et al., 1997	30. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, He
Capillary	CP Sil 2	60.	848.0	Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995	100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	CP Sil 2	80.	854.8	Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995	100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	OV-101	150.	871.1	Cha and Lee, 1994	Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	OV-101	180.	880.0	Cha and Lee, 1994	Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	DB-1	60.	847.8	Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994	H2; Phase thickness: 0.25 μm
Capillary	PONA	60.	848.1	Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994	H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 μm
Capillary	PONA	60.	848.1	Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994	H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 μm
Capillary	DB-1	60.	848.2	Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994	H2; Phase thickness: 1. μm
Capillary	OV-101	60.	847.6	Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994	H2; Phase thickness: 0.2 μm
Packed	Squalane	100.	849.	Hongwei and Zhide, 1992	H2, Silanized white support (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Packed	C78, Branched paraffin	130.	874.0	Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992	Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 3.3 m
Capillary	HP-1	60.	848.	Zhang, Li, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	HP-1	60.	848.	Zhang, Li, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	HP-1	100.	859.	Zhang, Li, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	HP-1	100.	859.	Zhang, Li, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	SPB-1	60.	848.	Castello, Vezzani, et al., 1991	N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm
Packed	Apolane	130.	875.	Dutoit, 1991	Column length: 3.7 m
Capillary	OV-1	100.	858.4	Engewald and Maurer, 1990	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-1	120.	863.3	Engewald and Maurer, 1990	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-1	90.	857.3	Maurer, Engewald, et al., 1990	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	857.	Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	OV-1	45.	844.6	Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989	25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He
Capillary	OV-1	65.	849.7	Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989	25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He
Capillary	Squalane	50.	834.6	Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989	50. m/0.22 mm/0.21 μm, He
Capillary	Squalane	70.	839.8	Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989	50. m/0.22 mm/0.21 μm, He
Capillary	OV-101	100.	858.	Matisová, Kovacicová, et al., 1989	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Packed	Squalane	70.	840.	Safina, Poznyak, et al., 1989	He, Risorb (0.2-0.3 mm); Column length: 2. m
Capillary	HP-1	60.	859.	Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	HP-1	60.	860.	Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	Squalane	50.	832.8	Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
Capillary	Squalane	70.	838.5	Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	857.	Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988	H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	858.	Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988	H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	859.	Engewald, Topalova, et al., 1987	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	849.	Nabivach and Vasiliev, 1987
Capillary	Squalane	50.	833.3	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	SE-30	150.	870.	Tiess, 1984	Ar, Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Capillary	OV-101	100.	857.	Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983	N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	859.	Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983	N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	857.	Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983	N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
Capillary	OV-101	110.	860.	Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983	N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
Capillary	OV-101	90.	854.	Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983	N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
Capillary	Squalane	106.	848.	Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983	He; Column length: 100. m
Capillary	Squalane	96.	845.	Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983	He; Column length: 100. m
Capillary	DB-1	60.	847.8	Lubeck and Sutton, 1983	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm
Capillary	DB-1	60.	848.2	Lubeck and Sutton, 1983	60. m/0.259 mm/1. μm
Capillary	SE-30	70.	851.4	Tóth, 1983	N2; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	SE-30	100.	859.	Winskowski, 1983	Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m
Capillary	SE-30	130.	867.	Bredael, 1982	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	80.	854.	Bredael, 1982	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	859.	Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982	N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
Capillary	OV-101	120.	864.	Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982	N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
Capillary	OV-101	140.	870.	Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982	N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
Packed	Porapack Q	200.	821.	Goebel, 1982	N2
Capillary	Squalane	86.	845.3	Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982	N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	96.	847.7	Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982	N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	858.9	Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981	N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
Capillary	OV-101	120.	864.2	Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981	N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
Capillary	OV-101	140.	870.1	Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981	N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
Packed	Squalane	100.	846.	Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980	He, Chromaton N-AW-HMDS; Column length: 1. m
Capillary	Squalane	50.	834.1	Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	70.	839.5	Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	86.	844.6	Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979	N2; Column length: 50. m
Capillary	Squalane	86.	844.6	Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979	N2; Column length: 50. m
Capillary	Squalane	86.	844.8	Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979	N2; Column length: 50. m
Capillary	Squalane	86.	845.3	Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979	N2; Column length: 50. m
Capillary	Squalane	70.	839.4	Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979	N2; Column length: 50. m
Capillary	Squalane	70.	840.6	Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979	N2; Column length: 50. m
Capillary	Squalane	70.	839.	Drozd, Novák, et al., 1978	Column length: 10. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	70.	839.2	Drozd, Novák, et al., 1978	Column length: 10. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	86.	845.3	Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	96.	847.7	Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	850.	Engewald and Wennrich, 1976	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	844.	Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976	He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	844.	Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976	He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Apolane	70.	855.2	Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976	He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m
Capillary	Squalane	60.	837.	Ryba, 1976	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	60.	839.	Ryba, 1976	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	80.	841.56	Soják and Rijks, 1976	H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	SE-30	110.	864.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974	N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m
Packed	SE-30	120.	866.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974	N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m
Packed	SE-30	130.	870.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974	N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m
Packed	SE-30	140.	873.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974	N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m
Capillary	SE-30	130.	868.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2	H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
Capillary	SE-30	140.	872.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2	H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
Capillary	SE-30	150.	875.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2	H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
Capillary	SE-30	160.	877.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2	H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
Capillary	SE-30	170.	880.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2	H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	850.	Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2	H2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
Capillary	Squalane	50.	835.	Rijks and Cramers, 1974	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	70.	840.	Rijks and Cramers, 1974	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	SE-30	65.	849.1	Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974	He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	65.	849.1	Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974	He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	65.	849.1	Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974	He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	65.	849.1	Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974	He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	65.	849.1	Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974	He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	65.	849.1	Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974	He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	847.7	Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974	He; Column length: 10.5 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	120.	848.	Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972	N2, Celite 545; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
Capillary	Squalane	86.	843.	Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972	N2, Celite 545; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
Capillary	Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)	35.	846.	Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Capillary	Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)	45.	850.	Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Capillary	Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)	50.	852.	Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Capillary	Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)	58.	855.	Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Capillary	Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)	68.	859.	Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Capillary	Squalane	70.	834.	Dimov and Schopov, 1971	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Squalane	100.	848.	Robinson and Odell, 1971	N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m
Capillary	Squalane	80.	844.2	Wallaert, 1971	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	115.	851.3	Soják and Bucinská, 1970	N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
Capillary	Squalane	86.	844.3	Soják and Bucinská, 1970	N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
Packed	Apiezon L	100.	879.	Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968	N2, DCMS-treated Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.3 m
Packed	Squalane	27.	830.	Hively and Hinton, 1968	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Squalane	49.	836.	Hively and Hinton, 1968	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Squalane	67.	841.	Hively and Hinton, 1968	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Squalane	86.	846.	Hively and Hinton, 1968	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Apiezon L	100.	876.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m
Packed	Apiezon L	120.	884.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m
Packed	Apiezon L	140.	892.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m
Packed	Apiezon L	80.	868.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m
Packed	Squalane	100.	847.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Squalane	120.	853.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Squalane	140.	859.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Squalane	80.	843.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Capillary	Squalane	70.	840.	Schomburg, 1966

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-1	844.	Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-1	848.	Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-5	864.1	Wang, Fingas, et al., 1994	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	SPB-1	844.	Wong and Tie, 1993	He, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	SE-54	853.	Rembold, Wallner, et al., 1989	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 0. C @ 12. min, 12. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	OV-101	858.	Ohnishi and Shibamoto, 1984	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	843.	Hayes and Pitzer, 1982	110. m/0.25 mm/0.20 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 35. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SE-30	850.	Greenberg, 1981	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	SE-30	851.	Greenberg, 1981	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	OV-101	855.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	857.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Apiezon L	868.	Louis, 1971	N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Petrocol DH-100	855.6	Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997	He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min)
Capillary	DB-1	850.	Hoekman, 1993	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min
Capillary	Squalane	850.	Papazova and Pankova, 1975	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	150.	1100.	Egazaryants and Maximov, 1998	He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	150.	1105.	Egazaryants and Maximov, 1998	He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	60.	1138.	Castello, Vezzani, et al., 1991	N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm
Capillary	PEG-20M	70.	1131.9	Tóth, 1983	N2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
Packed	Carbowax 20M	110.	1158.9	Vernon and Suratman, 1983	He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m
Packed	Carbowax 20M	120.	1164.3	Vernon and Suratman, 1983	He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m
Packed	Carbowax 20M	130.	1169.8	Vernon and Suratman, 1983	He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m
Packed	Carbowax 20M	140.	1175.2	Vernon and Suratman, 1983	He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m
Packed	Carbowax 20M	75.	1136.	Goebel, 1982	N2, Kieselgur (60-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
Packed	Carbowax 20M	150.	1160.9	Ellis and Still, 1979	Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS
Packed	Carbowax 20M	115.	1158.4	Ellis and Still, 1979	Chromosorb G
Packed	Carbowax 20M	115.	1159.4	Ellis and Still, 1979	Chromosorb G
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	100.	1127.1	Engewald and Wennrich, 1976	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	90.	1111.1	Döring, Estel, et al., 1974	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
Packed	PEG-2000	152.	1178.	Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973	He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Packed	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	100.	1154.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	120.	1162.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	140.	1169.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	80.	1147.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1967	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	1126.	Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1128.	Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1098.	Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 1989	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1122.	Umano and Shibamoto, 1987	He, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	SPB-5	866.	Engel and Ratel, 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	CP-Sil 8CB-MS	862.	Elmore, Cooper, et al., 2005	0. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
Capillary	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	879.	Estevez, Ventanas, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5	871.	Insausti, Goñi, et al., 2005	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 35. C @ 15. min, 8. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5MS	868.	Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-5	869.	Solina, Baumgartner, et al., 2005	25. m/0.2 mm/1. μm, He, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	PONA	854.	Vendeuvre, Bertoncini, et al., 2005	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	CP-Sil 8CB-MS	864.	Hierro, de la Hoz, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
Capillary	SPB-5	864.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	SPB-5	893.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2004, 2	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Petrocol DH	850.8	Censullo, Jones, et al., 2003	50. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	876.	Pino, Almora, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
Capillary	DB-5	856.3	Song, Lai, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-5	855.5	Song, Lai, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-5	853.2	Song, Lai, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-5	856.3	Song, Lai, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-5	857.2	Song, Lai, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-1	839.8	Sun and Stremple, 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 325. C
Capillary	DB-5	868.3	Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	BPX-5	872.	Bredie, Mottram, et al., 2002	50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	860.	Oruna-Concha, Ames, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-5	857.	Isidorov, Krajewska, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	BPX-5	865.	Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	BPX-5	866.	Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	BPX-5	865.	Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	BPX-5	866.	Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	856.	Pino and Marbot, 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
Capillary	OV-101	847.0	Yin, Liu, et al., 2001	N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 130. C
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	855.	Chevance and Farmer, 1999	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	849.	Yassaa, Meklati, et al., 1999	25. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-1	834.	Beens, Tijssen, et al., 1998	10. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 225. C
Capillary	SE-54	860.9	Kivi-Etelätalo, Kostiainen, et al., 1997	50. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
Capillary	PONA	836.1	Martos, Saraullo, et al., 1997	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min
Capillary	PONA	841.7	Martos, Saraullo, et al., 1997	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min
Capillary	OV-1	846.1	Gautzsch and Zinn, 1996	8. K/min; T_start: 35. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-1	846.4	Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996	30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, 6. K/min; T_start: -50. C; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-5	861.5	Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996	60. m/0.33 mm/0.25 μm, 6. K/min; T_start: -50. C; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-5	853.2	Lai and Song, 1995	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-5	856.3	Lai and Song, 1995	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-5	857.2	Lai and Song, 1995	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-5	856.3	Lai and Song, 1995	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	DB-5	855.5	Lai and Song, 1995	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 310. C
Capillary	Petrocol DH	844.19	Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Petrocol DH	844.47	Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-1	858.	Yu, Lin, et al., 1994	60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 60. min
Capillary	Ultra-1	845.	Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 1992	4. K/min; T_start: -40. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-1	858.	Peng, Hua, et al., 1992	30. m/0.32 mm/1.5 μm, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	Petrocol DH	844.5	White, Douglas, et al., 1992	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Petrocol DH	844.74	White, Douglas, et al., 1992	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Petrocol DH	845.	White, Hackett, et al., 1992	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 220. C
Packed	SE-30	864.	Fischer and Kusch, 1990	Chromosorb W AW (80-100 mesh), 5. K/min; Column length: 1.5 m; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-5	855.	Morinaga, Hara, et al., 1990	15. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 90. C
Capillary	SE-54	848.3	Shapi and Hesso, 1990	25. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
Capillary	SE-54	856.2	Shapi and Hesso, 1990	25. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
Capillary	SE-54	848.3	Shapi and Hesso, 1990	25. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
Capillary	SE-54	848.3	Shapi and Hesso, 1990	25. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
Capillary	SE-54	856.2	Shapi and Hesso, 1990	25. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
Capillary	Ultra-1	845.17	Steward and Pitzer, 1988	50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 0. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Ultra-1	845.49	Steward and Pitzer, 1988	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 0. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-1	848.7	Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987	N2, 10. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	HP-1	844.8	Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	HP-1	844.6	Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987	N2, 30. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
Capillary	Ultra-1	841.26	Haynes and Pitzer, 1985	50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: -30. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Ultra-1	844.05	Haynes and Pitzer, 1985	50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: -30. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Ultra-1	845.90	Haynes and Pitzer, 1985	50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: -30. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Ultra-2	857.33	Haynes and Pitzer, 1985	50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: -30. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Ultra-2	860.40	Haynes and Pitzer, 1985	50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: -30. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Ultra-2	862.45	Haynes and Pitzer, 1985	50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: -30. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	OV-101	843.	Hayes and Pitzer, 1981	108. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, 1. K/min; T_start: 35. C; T_end: 200. C
Packed	OV-101	877.	Nixon, Wong, et al., 1979	Gas-Chrom Q, 2. K/min; Column length: 2.5 m; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 220. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5	858.	Engel, Baty, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 5C(5min) => 3C/min => 20C => 5C/min => 100C 15C/min => 150C (5min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	863.	Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	865.	Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
Capillary	DB-1	846.	Peng, 2000	15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 8C/min => 200(1min) => 5C/min => 300C(25min)
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	870.79	Hassoun, Pilling, et al., 1999	50. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C(2min) => 49.9C/min => 35C(10min) => 3C/min => 200C(2min) => 40C/min => 240C(30min)
Capillary	DB-1	845.	Mattinen, Tuominen, et al., 1995	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 210C(30min)
Packed	SE-30	858.	Peng, Ding, et al., 1988	Supelcoport; Chromosorb; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 200C or 250C (60min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1116.	Mahadevan and Farmer, 2006	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1120.	Alasalvar, Taylor, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 203. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1134.	Elmore, Nisyrios, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	Carbowax	1146.1	Censullo, Jones, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 50. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	AT-Wax	1123.	Pino, Almora, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1129.	Chung, Yung, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1129.	Chung, Yung, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1131.	Le Guen, Prost, et al., 2000	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1127.	Peng, 2000	15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
Capillary	HP-Wax	1138.	Peng, 2000	15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1115.	Chevance and Farmer, 1999	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1115.	Chevance and Farmer, 1999, 2	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1130.	Chung, 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1118.	Cha, Kim, et al., 1998	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
Capillary	FFAP	1133.	Ott, Fay, et al., 1997	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 20. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 1. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1168.	Shimoda, Peralta, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1138.	Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1125.	Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1125.	Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995, 2	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1124.	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1994	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	DB-Wax	1138.	Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 1994	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1125.	Sumitani, Suekane, et al., 1994	He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1123.	Chung and Cadwallader, 1993	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1125.	Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 1993	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1129.	Peng, Hua, et al., 1992	30. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1122.	Suárez and Duque, 1991	2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1130.	Suárez and Duque, 1991	2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1116.	Frohlich and Schreier, 1990	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1128.	Matiella and Hsieh, 1990	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1122.	Fröhlich, Duque, et al., 1989	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1123.	Fröhlich, Duque, et al., 1989	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1130.	Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1132.	Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	CP-WAX 57CB	1107.	Baltes and Mevissen, 1988	He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.24 mm; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1133.	Vejaphan, Hsieh, et al., 1988	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1135.	Vejaphan, Hsieh, et al., 1988	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1125.	Bianchi, Cantoni, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 220C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1125.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1121.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1125.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1125.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1122.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Stabilwax	1129.	Natali N., Chinnici F., et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 3C/min => 100C => 5C/min => 240C(10min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1132.	Pennarun, Prost, et al., 2003	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C => 6C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 250C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1132.	Pennarun, Prost, et al., 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C => 6C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 250C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	105.	859.	Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	75.	852.	Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	90.	855.	Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	100.	858.	Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	120.	864.	Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	140.	869.	Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	80.	853.	Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	120.	859.	Chen and Feng, 2006
Capillary	DB-1	60.	847.	Shimadzu, 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	OV-101	100.	857.	Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995	50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
Capillary	OV-101	100.	858.	Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995	50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
Capillary	OV-101	100.	858.	Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995	50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
Capillary	OV-101	100.	859.	Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995	50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
Capillary	OV-101	100.	859.	Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995	50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
Capillary	Squalane	100.	847.	Berezkin, 1993
Capillary	Squalane	100.	850.	Berezkin, 1993
Capillary	OV-101	100.	858.	Tian, 1993	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	OV-101	100.	859.	Tian, 1993	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	OV-101	120.	863.	Tian, 1993	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	OV-101	120.	864.	Tian, 1993	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
Capillary	OV-101	102.	843.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	OV-101	106.	843.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	OV-101	110.	844.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	OV-101	114.	844.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	OV-101	94.	842.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	OV-101	98.	842.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	OV-101	98.	842.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	SE-54	70.	852.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	SE-54	74.	852.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	SE-54	74.	852.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	SE-54	78.	852.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	SE-54	82.	852.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	SE-54	86.	852.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	SE-54	90.	853.	Wang, Deng, et al., 1992	N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	50.	835.	N/A	N2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	847.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	40.	831.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	70.	838.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	OV-101	50.	845.	Wu and Lu, 1984
Capillary	OV-101	70.	849.	Wu and Lu, 1984
Capillary	OV-101	32.	842.	Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980	Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
Capillary	OV-101	80.	856.	Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980	Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
Capillary	Squalane	95.4	836.	Sojak and Vigdergauz, 1978	H2
Capillary	Squalane	110.	850.	Papazova and Pankova, 1975	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Polydimethyl siloxane	110.	859.	Ferrand, 1962

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB	852.	Bramston-Cook, 2013	60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	857.	Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 15. min
Capillary	Petrocol DH	849.	Supelco, 2012	100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
Capillary	VF-5 MS	858.	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	VF-5 MS	864.	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	DB-5	845.	Pattiram, Lasekan, et al., 2011	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min; T_start: 35. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	ZB-5	863.	Harrison and Priest, 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 9. min
Capillary	PONA	851.	Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009	50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	VF-5MS	851.	Ghiasvand, Setkova, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 7. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SPB-5	866.	Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-1	845.	Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	BPX-5	861.	Fons, Rapior, et al., 2006	25. m/0.20 mm/0.13 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	HP-1	846.	Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005	50. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 60. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5	863.3	Leffingwell and Alford, 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
Capillary	DB-5	868.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
Capillary	SPB-1	829.	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	BP-1	846.	Hayes R.A., Richardson B.J., et al., 2002	25. m/0.2 mm/0.1 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 8. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	886.	Hussam, Alauddin, et al., 2002	15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	HP-5	859.	Isidorov and Jdanova, 2002	3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SPB-5	866.	Kim and Lee, 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	SPB-5	860.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	SPB-5	865.	Poligné, Collignan, et al., 2001	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-5	878.	Tellez, Schrader, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	BP-1	855.	Health Safety Executive, 2000	50. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-5MS	849.	Shoenmakers, Oomen, et al., 2000	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	847.66	Baraldi, Rapparini, et al., 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	OV-1	851.	Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999	2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 160. C
Capillary	OV-101	847.	Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999, 2	50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; T_end: 100. C
Capillary	HP-5	868.1	Wang and Fingas, 1995	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min
Capillary	SP-2100	843.	Fischer and Kusch, 1993	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-1	846.	Shiota, 1993	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-1	850.	Shiota, 1993	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-1	852.	Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1992	60. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	OV-1	838.	Guan, Zheng, et al., 1992	50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, H2, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	OV-1	841.	Guan, Zheng, et al., 1992	50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, H2, 2. K/min; T_start: 35. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	842.	Hartgers, Damste, et al., 1992	25. m/0.32 mm/0.45 μm, He, 0. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 320. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-5	856.	Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 1991	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-5	869.	Macku and Shibamoto, 1991	He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 160. C
Capillary	DB-1	843.	Shiota, 1991	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-1	850.	Shiota, 1991	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	OV-101	848.	Zenkevich and Ventura, 1991	Helium, 50. C @ 0. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 0. min; Column length: 54. m; Column diameter: 0.26 mm
Capillary	DB-1	844.	Binder, Benson, et al., 1990	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-1	844.	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-1	844.	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990, 2	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	HP-5	868.	Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990	H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	OV-101	846.	Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990	Nitrogen, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	850.	Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990	Nitrogen, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Squalane	835.3	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	0.1 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	837.6	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	0.2 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	840.8	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	0.4 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	843.3	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	0.6 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	845.3	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	0.8 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	847.0	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	1. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	835.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	0.1 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	Squalane	837.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	0.2 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	Squalane	840.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	0.4 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	Squalane	843.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	0.6 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	Squalane	845.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	0.8 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	Squalane	846.	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	1.0 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	DB-1	842.	Habu, Flath, et al., 1985	3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 0. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	OV-101	841.	del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984	He, 0. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; T_end: 225. C
Capillary	SE-30	845.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Packed	Apiezon L	842.	Dahlmann, Köser, et al., 1979	Chromosorb G-AW-DMCS, 10. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 25. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5 MS	860.	Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	RTX-5 MS	850.	Nadaf, Halimi, et al., 2012	15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C 10 0C/min -> 280 0C (3 min)
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	864.	Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012	Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	866.	Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	852.	Delort and Jaquier, 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (5 min) 3 0C/min -> 120 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 300 0C (20 min)
Capillary	Squalane	840.	Chen, 2008	Program: not specified
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	867.	Costa, De Fina, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C (1 min) 10 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min)
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	857.	Costa, De Fina, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	868.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min)
Capillary	HP-5	851.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5 MS	870.	Cajka, Hajslova, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (0.75 min) 10 0C/min -> 200 0C 30 0C/min -> 245 0C (1.25 min)
Capillary	DB-5 MS	869.	Liu, Xu, et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 100 0C 4 0C/min -> 180 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C (12 min)
Capillary	HP-5	850.	Splivallo, Bossi, et al., 2007	He; Program: 50C => 3C/min => 200C(10min) => 10C/min => 290C(10min)
Capillary	BPX-5	871.	van Ruth, Floris, et al., 2006	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(4min) => 2C/min => 90C => 4C/min => 130C => 8C/min => 250C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	855.	Blunden, Aneja, et al., 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (7.75 min) 25 0C -> 225 0C (8 min)
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	893.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5MS	855.	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C
Capillary	HP-5	868.	Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	DB-5	868.	Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 2	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	Polymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000)	851.	Cornwell and Cordano, 2003	Program: not specified
Capillary	SPB-5	859.	Lee and Kim, 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (3 min) 4 0C/min -> 200 0C 8 0C/min -> 240 0C (5 min)
Capillary	Methyl phenyl siloxane (not specified)	866.	Poligne, Collignan, et al., 2002	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5MS	851.	Ansorena, Gimeno, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 120C => 10C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	BP-1	839.30	Cooke, Hassoun, et al., 2001	50. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C => 49.9C/min => 5C(3min) => 3C/min => 50C => 5C/min => 220C(20 min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	869.	Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5 MS	879.	Luo and Agnew, 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-101	858.	Zhu and Wang, 2001	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	848.	Zhu and Wang, 2001	Program: not specified
Capillary	BPX-5	868.	Madruga, Arruda, et al., 2000	50. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 20 0C/min -> 60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min)
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	853.	Spieksma, 1999	Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1	846.	Zhu and He, 1999	Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1	848.	Zhu and He, 1999	Program: not specified
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	854.	Zenkevich, 1998	Program: not specified
Capillary	SPB-1	861.	Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997	60. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	854.	Zenkevich and Tsibulskaya, 1997	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	872.	Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 1996	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min)
Capillary	DB-1	858.	Peng, 1996	30. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (1 min) 5 0C/min -> 280 0C (20 min)
Capillary	SE-30	851.	Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996	Program: not specified
Capillary	SE-30	858.	Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996	Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxanes	854.	Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996	Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxanes	854.	Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	863.	Sorimachi, Tanabe, et al., 1995	He; Column length: 30. m; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	846.	Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1994	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	854.	Schuberth, 1994	30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C (4min) => 10C/min => 200C => 50C/min => 250C
Capillary	DB-1	846.	Ciccioli, Brancaleoni, et al., 1993	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 3 min at 5 C; 5 - 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 - 220 C at 5 deg/min
Capillary	DB-1	847.	Hathcock and Bertsch, 1993	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	SPB-1	861.	Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992	60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
Capillary	SPB-1	860.	Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992	60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1	859.1	Engewald and Maurer, 1990	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 1) 1st 30m column temp ramp 4C/min 60-120C 2)2nd 30m column isothermal 100C
Capillary	OV-1	863.3	Engewald and Maurer, 1990	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 1) 1st 30m column temp ramp 4C/min 60-120C. 2) 2nd 30m column isothermal 120C.
Capillary	OV-1	862.8	Engewald and Maurer, 1990	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 1) 1st 30m column temp ramp 6C/min 60-120C. 2) 2nd 30m column isothermal 120C.
Capillary	OV-1	862.6	Engewald and Maurer, 1990	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 1)1st 30m column temp ramp 3C/min 60-120 2)2nd 30m column isothermal 120C
Capillary	Squalane	847.5	Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989	Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	867.	Weller and Wolf, 1989	40. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30 0C (1 min) 15 0C/min -> 45 0C 3 0C/min -> 120 0C
Capillary	SE-30	844.	Ibrahim and Suffet, 1988	N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 50C(8min) => 3C/min => 150C => 35C/min => 275C (10min)
Capillary	SE-52	870.	van Langenhove and Schamp, 1986	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1	846.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	830.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	840.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	846.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	846.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	848.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1	849.	Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982	Program: not specified
Packed	SE-30	864.	Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2	Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C(10min) => 20C/min(2min) => 90C(6min) => 10C/min(6min) => (hold at 150C)
Packed	Squalane	843.	Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2	Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min(5min) => 4C/min(15min) => (hold at 95C)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	100.	1157.	Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	120.	1168.	Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	140.	1180.	Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	60.	1135.	Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	80.	1146.	Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium
Capillary	DB-Wax	60.	1145.	Shimadzu, 2003	50. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	PEG-40M	100.	1144.	Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000	Column length: 50. m
Capillary	PEG-40M	100.	1146.	Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000	Column length: 50. m
Capillary	PEG-40M	120.	1157.	Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000	Column length: 50. m
Capillary	PEG-40M	140.	1166.	Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000	Column length: 50. m
Capillary	PEG-40M	60.	1125.	Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000	Column length: 50. m
Capillary	PEG-40M	80.	1135.	Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000	Column length: 50. m
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	90.	1111.	Sutter, Peterson, et al., 1997

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	1146.	Shimadzu, 2012	30. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 260. C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1130.	Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008	50. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
Capillary	RTX-Wax	1130.	Prososki, Etzel, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
Capillary	BP-20	1142.	Rawat, Gulati, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 70. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
Capillary	ZB-Wax	1139.	Wierda R.L., Fletcher G., et al., 2006	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1130.	Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005	50. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 60. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1116.	de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005	50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1161.	Chida, Sone, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1104.	Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1122.	Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1122.	Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1119.	Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1114.	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1118.	Duque, Bonilla, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; T_start: 25. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1141.	Girard and Durance, 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1108.	Xue, Ye, et al., 2000	He, 60. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 190. C @ 20. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1147.	Campeanu, Burcea, et al., 1998	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1116.	Horiuchi, Umano, et al., 1998	60. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 40. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1126.	Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995	He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1135.	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993	60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1125.	Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 1993	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1109.	Herain, MRAVEC, et al., 1991	70. C @ 21. min, 5. K/min, 150. C @ 999. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1126.	Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1124.	Binder, Benson, et al., 1990	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1124.	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1134.	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990, 2	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1139.	Cajka, Riddellova, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (1 min) 5 oC/min -> 170 0C 10 0C/min -> 260 0C (1 min)
Capillary	Supelko CO Wax	1127.	Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium
Capillary	Supelko CO Wax	1122.	Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min)
Capillary	Supelko CO Wax	1119.	Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	BP-20	1161.	Rodrigues, Caldera, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (1 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (2 min) 1.7 0C/min -> 180 0C (1 min) 25 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min)
Capillary	Supelcowax 10	1130.	Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2008	50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (15 min) 3 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 180 0C (10 min)
Capillary	PEG 20M	1161.	Zhang, Zhang, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 60 0C 6 0C/min -> 130 0C 10 0C/min -> 230 0C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1121.	Berard, Bianchi, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 6C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1125.	Berard, Bianchi, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 6C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1127.	Vichi, Guadayol, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1125.	Viegas and Bassoli, 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 60 0C (5 min) 8 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min)
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1138.	Viegas and Bassoli, 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	PEG-20M	1161.	Zhang C., Zhang H., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 5C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 130C => 10C/min => 230C (10min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1109.	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1132.	Cornwell and Cordano, 2003	Program: not specified
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1129.	Kim and Lee, 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (7min) => 4C/min => 150C => 8C/min => 240C (10min)
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1111.	Ivanciuc, Ivanciuc, et al., 2001	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1131.	Piveteau, le Guen, et al., 2000	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C(6min) => 1C/min => 130C => 10C/min => 240C (15min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1129.	Peng, 1996	30. m/0.53 mm/1.0 μm; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 4 0C/min -> 200 0C (20 min)
Capillary	PEG-20M	1132.	Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1129.	Peng, Yang, et al., 1991	Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1117.	Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989	Program: not specified
Capillary	Superox 0.6; Carbowax 20M	1110.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.	1110.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.	1117.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1120.	Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982	Program: not specified

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5	118.8	Wang, Hou, et al., 2007	30. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
Capillary	HP-5	118.3	Shao, Wang, et al., 2006	30. m/0.3 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-5	134.54	Williams and Horne, 1995	He, 60. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; T_end: 270. C

Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5MS	118.9	Aracil, Font, et al., 2005	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5MS	129.41	Cheng, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 10 0C/min -> 230 0C

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

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Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References

Symbols used in this document:

AE	Appearance energy
C_p,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
C_p,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
P_c	Critical pressure
S°_gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
S°_liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
T	Temperature
T_boil	Boiling point
T_c	Critical temperature
T_fus	Fusion (melting) point
T_triple	Triple point temperature
V_c	Critical volume
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
k°_H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
Δ_cH°_liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_fusH	Enthalpy of fusion
Δ_fusS	Entropy of fusion
Δ_rG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
Δ_vapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
Δ_vapS	Entropy of vaporization
ρ_c	Critical density

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
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Ethylbenzene

Data at NIST subscription sites:

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of vaporization

Entropy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Reaction thermochemistry data

Individual Reactions

Free energy of reaction

Henry's Law data

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

Gas phase ion energetics data

Proton affinity at 298K

Gas basicity at 298K

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

IR Spectrum

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Spectrum

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Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

References

Notes