Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-

• Formula: C₂H₄F₂
• Molecular weight: 66.0500
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4F2/c1-2(3)4/h2H,1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 75-37-6
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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• Other names: Ethylidene fluoride; Algofrene Type 67; Freon 152a; FC 152a; Genetron 152a; R 152a; 1,1-Difluoroethane; CH3CHF2; Ethylidene difluoride; GENETRON 100; Propellant 152a; Halocarbon 152A; UN 1030; Dymel 152; Dymel 152A; HFC 152a
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Fluid Properties
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₂H₄F₂ = (Cl^- • C₂H₄F₂)

3 +  =  + 2

By formula: 3H₂ + C₂Cl₂F₂ = C₂H₄F₂ + 2HCl

2 +  =  + 

By formula: 2H₂ + C₂HClF₂ = C₂H₄F₂ + HCl

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂H₄F₂ + I₂ = HI + C₂H₃BrF₂

 +  =

By formula: C₂H₃F + HF = C₂H₄F₂

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₂H₄F₂ = (Cl^- • C₂H₄F₂)

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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Additional Data

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Kolesov, Shtekher, et al., 1968
Kolesov, V.P.; Shtekher, S.N.; Martynov, A.M.; Skuratov, S.M., Standard enthalpy of formation of 1,1-difluoroethane, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1968, 42, 975-976. [all data]

Kolesov and Papina, 1983
Kolesov, V.P.; Papina, T.S., Thermochemistry of Haloethanes, Russ. Chem. Rev., 1983, 52, 425. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. An experimental investigation of the interaction between chloride ion and bronsted acids from ICR chloride exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 517. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase negative ion chemistry of alkylchloroformates, Can. J. Chem., 1984, 62, 675. [all data]

Lacher, Kianpour, et al., 1956
Lacher, J.R.; Kianpour, A.; Oetting, F.; Park, J.D., Reaction calorimetry. The hydrogenation of organic fluorides and chlorides, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1956, 52, 1500-1508. [all data]

Pickard and Rodgers, 1977
Pickard, J.M.; Rodgers, A.S., The kinetics and thermochemistry of the reaction of 1,1-difluoroethane with iodine. The difluoromethylene-hydrogen bond dissociation energy in 1,1-difluoroethane and the heat of formation of 1,1-difluoroethyl, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 691-694. [all data]

Moore, 1971
Moore, L.O., Kinetics and thermodynamic data for the hydrogen fluoride addition to vinyl fluoride, Can. J. Chem., 1971, 49, 2471-2475. [all data]

Heinis, Bar, et al., 1985
Heinis, T.; Bar, R.; Borlin, K.; Jungen, M., Photoionization mass spectrometry of 1,1-difluoroethane, Chem. Phys., 1985, 94, 235. [all data]

Heinis, Bar, et al., 1984
Heinis, T.; Bar, R.; Borlin, K.; Jungen, M., Photoionization of 1,1-difluoroethane: The structure of the C₂H₃F₂⁺ ions, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1984, 105, 327. [all data]

Lifshitz and Long, 1965
Lifshitz, C.; Long, F.A., Appearance potentials and mass spectra of fluorinated ethylenes. II. Heats offormation of fluorinated species and their positive ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 3731. [all data]

Sauvageau, Doucet, et al., 1974
Sauvageau, P.; Doucet, J.; Gilbert, R.; Sandorfy, C., Vacuum ultraviolet and photoelectron spectra of fluoroethanes, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 61, 391. [all data]

Williamson, LeBreton, et al., 1976
Williamson, A.D.; LeBreton, P.R.; Beauchamp, J.L., Photoionization mass spectrometry of 2-fluoropropane and 2,2-difluoropropane. A novel determination of the proton affinity of vinyl fluoride and 1,1-difluoroethylene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 2705. [all data]

Simmie and Tschuikow-Roux, 1971
Simmie, J.M.; Tschuikow-Roux, E., Mass spectrum, appearance potentials and bond dissociation energies of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1971, 7, 41. [all data]

Zenkevich, 2005
Zenkevich, I.G., Experimentally measured retention indices., 2005. [all data]

Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997
Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technical_series₁997-01-01₁.pdf. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  ΔcH°gas	Enthalpy of combustion of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions

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