copper
- Formula: Cu
- Molecular weight: 63.546
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 7440-50-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file - Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
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- Other data available:
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- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
- X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | 337.4 ± 1.2 | kJ/mol | Review | Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984 | CODATA Review value |
ΔfH°gas | 337.60 | kJ/mol | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1977 |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°gas,1 bar | 166.398 ± 0.004 | J/mol*K | Review | Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984 | CODATA Review value |
S°gas,1 bar | 166.40 | J/mol*K | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1977 |
Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)
Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 +
E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 +
C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 −
E/(2*t2) + G
Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.
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Temperature (K) | 2843.261 to 6000. |
---|---|
A | -80.48635 |
B | 49.35865 |
C | -7.578061 |
D | 0.404960 |
E | 133.3382 |
F | 519.9331 |
G | 193.5351 |
H | 337.6003 |
Reference | Chase, 1998 |
Comment | Data last reviewed in June, 1977 |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
View reactions leading to Cu+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 7.72638 ± 0.00001 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 655.3 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 632.4 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Electron affinity determinations
EA (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
1.236 ± 0.033 | N/A | Wu, Qin, et al., 2010 | B |
1.235792 ± 0.000044 | N/A | Bilodeau, Scheer, et al., 1998 | B |
1.226 ± 0.010 | LPES | Hotop, Bennett, et al., 1973 | B |
1.20 ± 0.15 | LPES | Taylor, Pettiettehall, et al., 1992 | EA set as 0.2 eV above onset to correct for unresolved hot bands.; B |
1.2350 ± 0.0050 | LPES | Leopold, Ho, et al., 1987 | B |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
7.72638 | EVAL | Lide, 1992 | LL |
8.0 | EI | Hildenbrand and Lau, 1991 | LL |
7.726380 ± 0.000013 | S | Sugar and Musgrove, 1990 | LL |
7.7263 | S | Kelly, 1987 | LBLHLM |
7.72 | PE | Dyke, Fayad, et al., 1979 | LLK |
7.72628 ± 0.00002 | S | Tondello, 1973 | LLK |
7.71 ± 0.05 | EI | Cabaud, Hoareau, et al., 1972 | LLK |
7.726 | S | Moore, 1970 | RDSH |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A.,
CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]
Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr.,
NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Wu, Qin, et al., 2010
Wu, X.; Qin, Z.B.; Xie, H.; Cong, R.; Wu, X.H.; Tang, Z.C.; Fan, H.J.,
Photoelectron Imaging and Theoretical Studies of Group 11 Cyanides MCN (M = Cu, Ag, Au),
J. Phys. Chem. A, 2010, 114, 49, 12839-12844, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp1013708
. [all data]
Bilodeau, Scheer, et al., 1998
Bilodeau, R.C.; Scheer, M.; Haugen, H.K.,
Infrared Laser Photodetachment of Transition Metal Negative Ions: Studies on Cr-, Mo-, Cu-, and Ag-,
J. Phys. B: Atom. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1998, 31, 17, 3885-3891, https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/31/17/013
. [all data]
Hotop, Bennett, et al., 1973
Hotop, H.; Bennett, R.A.; Lineberger, W.C.,
Electron Affinities of Cu and Ag,
J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 58, 6, 2373, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1679514
. [all data]
Taylor, Pettiettehall, et al., 1992
Taylor, K.J.; Pettiettehall, C.L.; Cheshnovsky, O.; Smalley, R.E.,
Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectra of Coinage Metal Clusters,
J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 96, 4, 3319, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.461927
. [all data]
Leopold, Ho, et al., 1987
Leopold, D.G.; Ho, J.; Lineberger, W.C.,
Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Mass-selected Metal Cluster Anions. I. Cun-, n=1-10,
J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 86, 4, 1715, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.452170
. [all data]
Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor),
Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions
in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]
Hildenbrand and Lau, 1991
Hildenbrand, D.L.; Lau, K.H.,
Redetermination of the thermochemistry of gaseous UF5, UF2, and UF,
J. Chem. Phys., 1991, 94, 1420. [all data]
Sugar and Musgrove, 1990
Sugar, J.; Musgrove, A.,
Energy levels of copper, CuI through CuXXIX,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1990, 19, 527. [all data]
Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L.,
Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]
Dyke, Fayad, et al., 1979
Dyke, J.M.; Fayad, N.K.; Morris, A.; Trickle, I.R.,
Gas-phase He I photoelectron spectra of some transition metals: Cu, Ag, Au, Cr and Mn,
J. Phys. B:, 1979, 12, 2985. [all data]
Tondello, 1973
Tondello, G.,
Absorption spectrum of Cu I in the vacuum ultraviolet,
J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1973, 63, 346. [all data]
Cabaud, Hoareau, et al., 1972
Cabaud, B.; Hoareau, A.; Nounou, P.; Uzan, R.,
Etude des processus d'ionisation a haute temperature des vapeurs metalliques par couplage d'une cellule de knudsen et d'une source fox. II. Interpretation des processus d'autoionisation des vapeurs metalliques monoatomiques et influence delatemperature sur les courbes d'efficacite d'ionisation.,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 8, 181. [all data]
Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E.,
Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra,
Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
EA Electron affinity IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy S°gas,1 bar Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar) ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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