Benzophenone
- Formula: C13H10O
- Molecular weight: 182.2179
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 119-61-9
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Methanone, diphenyl-; α-Oxodiphenylmethane; α-Oxoditane; Benzene, benzoyl-; Benzoylbenzene; Diphenyl ketone; Diphenylmethanone; Phenyl ketone; Ketone, diphenyl; alpha-Oxodiphenylmethane; alpha-Oxoditane; Adjutan 6016; Kayacure BP; Diphenyl-methanon; NSC 8077; 1-Benzophenone; Cinnarizine M (benzophenone); Cyclizine M (Benzophenone)
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | 49.9 ± 3.0 | kJ/mol | Cm | Sabbah and Laffitte, 1978 |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°solid | -34. | kJ/mol | Ccb | Colomina, Cambeiro, et al., 1959 | ALS |
ΔfH°solid | -33. | kJ/mol | Ccb | Springall and White, 1954 | ALS |
ΔfH°solid | -32.3 ± 3.3 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Parks, Mosley, et al., 1950 | Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -32.9 ± 0.02 kJ/mol; ALS |
ΔfH°solid | -50.84 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Landrieu and Blatt, 1924 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°solid | -6508. ± 10. | kJ/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
Cp,solid (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
224.80 | 300. | DeKruif, Van Miltenburg, et al., 1983 | T = 80 to 345 K.; DH |
Phase change data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 550. ± 100. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 7 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 321.2 ± 0.7 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 23 out of 24 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 321.03 | K | N/A | De Kruif, van Miltenburg, et al., 1983 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 830. | K | N/A | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1994 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 33.52 | bar | N/A | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1994 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.04 bar; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ρc | 1.762 | mol/l | N/A | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1994 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 mol/l; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 94.977 | kJ/mol | V | Neumann and Volker, 1932 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔsubH° | 89. ± 10. | kJ/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 11 values; Individual data points |
Reduced pressure boiling point
Tboil (K) | Pressure (bar) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
497. to 497. | 0.133 | Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982 | BS |
430.7 | 0.013 | Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982 | BS |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
59.0 | 545. | N/A | Jaquerod and Wassmer, 2006 | Based on data from 530. to 575. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC |
65.1 | 448. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 433. to 673. K.; AC |
62.2 | 488. | N/A | Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949 | Based on data from 473. to 579. K. See also Dreisbach and Martin, 1949 and Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
473.7 to 579.3 | 4.36238 | 2116.372 | -93.43 | Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of sublimation
ΔsubH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
92.9 ± 0.8 | 306. | ME | Ginkel, Kruif, et al., 2001 | Based on data from 294. to 318. K.; AC |
89.96 | 308. | ME | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 298. to 318. K. See also Pribilová and Pouchlý, 1974.; AC |
95. ± 1. | 321. | DM | Kruif, Miltenburg, et al., 1983 | AC |
95.0 ± 0.2 | 304. | ME | Colomina, Jimenez, et al., 1980 | Based on data from 295. to 313. K.; AC |
93.9 ± 0.5 | 307. | TE,ME | De Kruif and Van Ginkel, 1977 | Based on data from 297. to 317. K.; AC |
95.0 ± 1.5 | 305. | TE | DeKruif, van Ginkel, et al., 1975 | Based on data from 293. to 318. K.; AC |
96.1 | 306. | N/A | Serpinskii, Voitkevich, et al., 1956 | Based on data from 293. to 319. K.; AC |
78.2 ± 1.2 | 303. | N/A | Wolf and Weghofer, 1938 | Based on data from 290. to 315. K. See also Wolf and Trieschmann, 1934.; AC |
78.2 ± 0.8 | 313. | V | Wolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2 | ALS |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
18.194 | 321.03 | N/A | DeKruif, Van Miltenburg, et al., 1983 | DH |
18.81 | 321.2 | AC | Chirico, Knipmeyer, et al., 2002 | Based on data from 5. to 440. K.; AC |
18.47 | 321.3 | AC | Hanaya, Hikima, et al., 2002 | AC |
18.19 | 324.2 | N/A | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | AC |
17.669 | 321.2 | N/A | Eykman, 1889 | DH |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
56.67 | 321.03 | DeKruif, Van Miltenburg, et al., 1983 | DH |
55.0 | 321.2 | Eykman, 1889 | DH |
Reaction thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: José A. Martinho Simões
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C13H10NaO (solution) + 0.5 (solution) = C4CoNaO4 (solution) +
(solution)
By formula: C13H10NaO (solution) + 0.5C8Co2O8 (solution) = C4CoNaO4 (solution) + C13H10O (solution)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -157. ± 11. | kJ/mol | RSC | Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994 | solvent: Tetrahydrofuran |
(solution) +
(cr) = C13H10NaO (solution)
By formula: C13H10O (solution) + Na (cr) = C13H10NaO (solution)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -161.1 ± 2.5 | kJ/mol | RSC | Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994 | solvent: Tetrahydrofuran |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
View reactions leading to C13H10O+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 9.08 ± 0.04 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 882.3 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 852.5 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Electron affinity determinations
EA (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
0.62 ± 0.10 | IMRE | Grimsrud, Caldwell, et al., 1985 | ΔGea(423 K) = -15.3 kcal/mol; ΔSea (estimated) = +2.0 eu; B |
1.110 ± 0.040 | LPES | Maeyama, Yagi, et al., 2008 | Stated EA is Vertical Detachment Energy. Threshold adiabatic EA appears to be ca. 0.6 eV - JEB; B |
0.655 ± 0.087 | IMRE | Huh, Kang, et al., 1999 | ΔG(EA) 343K; anchored to ΔG value. Including anchor ΔS, EA is ca. 0.4 kcal/mol more bound.; B |
0.694 ± 0.048 | IMRE | Fukuda and McIver, 1985 | ΔGea(355 K) = -16.7 kcal/mol; ΔSea = 2.0, est. from data in Kebarle and Chowdhury, 1987; B |
0.642 ± 0.052 | ECD | Chen and Wentworth, 1983 | B |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
9.4 ± 0.1 | EI | Grutzmacher and Schubert, 1979 | LLK |
9.28 | EI | Elder, Beynon, et al., 1976 | LLK |
9.5 ± 0.1 | EI | Krenmayr, Heller, et al., 1974 | LLK |
9.5 ± 0.1 | EI | Heller, Varmuza, et al., 1974 | LLK |
9.46 | EI | Benoit, 1973 | LLK |
9.14 ± 0.03 | PI | Iskakov and Potapov, 1971 | LLK |
9.46 ± 0.05 | EI | Natalis and Franklin, 1965 | RDSH |
9.35 ± 0.04 | EI | Foffani, Pignataro, et al., 1964 | RDSH |
9.4 | PI | Terenin, 1961 | RDSH |
9.05 ± 0.05 | PE | McAlduff and Bunbury, 1979 | Vertical value; LLK |
9.05 | PE | Centineo, Fragala, et al., 1978 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C6H5+ | 15.67 | C6H5+CO | EI | Benoit, 1973 | LLK |
C6H5+ | 16.22 ± 0.07 | ? | EI | Natalis and Franklin, 1965 | RDSH |
C7H5O+ | 12.0 ± 0.1 | C6H5 | EI | Grutzmacher and Schubert, 1979 | LLK |
C7H5O+ | 11.45 | C6H5 | EI | Elder, Beynon, et al., 1976 | LLK |
C7H5O+ | 11.4 ± 0.1 | C6H5 | EI | Heller, Varmuza, et al., 1974 | LLK |
C7H5O+ | 11.72 | C6H5 | EI | Benoit, 1973 | LLK |
C7H5O+ | 12.00 ± 0.05 | C6H5 | EI | Natalis and Franklin, 1965 | RDSH |
C12H8+ | 17.48 ± 0.12 | ? | EI | Natalis and Franklin, 1965 | RDSH |
C12H9+ | 15.28 ± 0.05 | CO+H? | EI | Natalis and Franklin, 1965 | RDSH |
C12H10+ | 12.24 ± 0.13 | CO | EI | Natalis and Franklin, 1965 | RDSH |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
- Not specified, most likely a prism, grating, or hybrid spectrometer.; (NO SPECTRUM, ONLY SCANNED IMAGE IS AVAILABLE)
- SOLUTION (10% CCl4 FOR 3800-1330, 10% CS2 FOR 1330-440 CM-1) $$ 99.99% PRINCETON ORGANICS; DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY COBLENTZ SOCIETY (BATCH I) FROM HARD COPY; 2 cm-1 resolution
Data compiled by: Timothy J. Johnson, Tanya L. Myers, Yin-Fong Su, Russell G. Tonkyn, Molly Rose K. Kelly-Gorham, and Tyler O. Danby
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1990. |
NIST MS number | 118652 |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Sabbah and Laffitte, 1978
Sabbah, R.; Laffitte, M.,
Etude thermodynamique de la molecule de benzophenone,
Thermochim. Acta, 1978, 23, 196-198. [all data]
Colomina, Cambeiro, et al., 1959
Colomina, M.; Cambeiro, M.; Perez-Ossorio, R.; Latorre, C.,
Estudios acerca de calores de combustion II. Calores de combustion de benzofenona y sus p-alquilderivados,
Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1959, 509-514. [all data]
Springall and White, 1954
Springall, H.D.; White, T.R.,
Heats of combustion and molecular structure. Part II. The mean bond energy term for the carbonyl system in certain ketones,
J. Chem. Soc., 1954, 2765-27. [all data]
Parks, Mosley, et al., 1950
Parks, G.S.; Mosley, J.R.; Peterson, P.V., Jr.,
Heats of combustion and formation of some organic compounds containing oxygen,
J. Chem. Phys., 1950, 18, 152. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Landrieu and Blatt, 1924
Landrieu, P.; Blatt, H.,
Thermochemical study of diphenylphenylethinylcarbinol and its derivatives,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1924, 35, 1424-1236. [all data]
DeKruif, Van Miltenburg, et al., 1983
DeKruif, C.G.; Van Miltenburg, J.C.; Blok, J.G.,
Molar heat capacities and vapour pressures of solid and liquid benzophenone,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1983, 15, 129-136. [all data]
De Kruif, van Miltenburg, et al., 1983
De Kruif, C.G.; van Miltenburg, J.C.; Blok, J.G.,
Molar heat capacities and vapour pressures of solid and liquid benzophenone,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1983, 15, 129. [all data]
Steele, Chirico, et al., 1994
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Knipmeyer, S.E.; Nguyen, A.; Smith, N.K.,
DIPPR project 871. Determination of ideal-gas enthalpies of formation for key compounds. The 1990 project results,
Experimental Results for DIPPR 1990-91 Projects on Phase Equilibria and Pure Component Properties, 1994, 1994, DIPPR Data Ser. No. 2, p. 188-215. [all data]
Neumann and Volker, 1932
Neumann, K.; Volker, E.,
Eine drehwaagemethode zur messung kleinster dampfdruck,
Z. Phys. Chem., 1932, 161, 33-45. [all data]
Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982
Buckingham, J.; Donaghy, S.M.,
Dictionary of Organic Compounds: Fifth Edition, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1982, 1. [all data]
Jaquerod and Wassmer, 2006
Jaquerod, Adrien; Wassmer, Eugene,
Ueber den Siedepunkt des Naphtalins, des Diphenyls und des Benzophenons unter verschiedenem Druck und dessen Bestimmung mit Hilfe des Wasserstoffthermometers,
Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges., 2006, 37, 3, 2531-2534, https://doi.org/10.1002/cber.19040370303
. [all data]
Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E.,
The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949
Dreisbach, R.R.; Shrader, S.A.,
Vapor Pressure--Temperature Data on Some Organic Compounds,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 12, 2879-2880, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50480a054
. [all data]
Dreisbach and Martin, 1949
Dreisbach, R.R.; Martin, R.A.,
Physical Data on Some Organic Compounds,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 12, 2875-2878, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50480a053
. [all data]
Ginkel, Kruif, et al., 2001
Ginkel, C.H.D. van; Kruif, C.G. de; Waal, F.E.B. de,
The need for temperature control in effusion experiments (and application to heat of sublimation determination),
J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 2001, 8, 6, 490-492, https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/8/6/018
. [all data]
Pribilová and Pouchlý, 1974
Pribilová, J.; Pouchlý, J.,
Vapour pressure of some low-volatile hydrocarbons determined by the effusion method,
Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1974, 39, 5, 1118-1124, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19741118
. [all data]
Kruif, Miltenburg, et al., 1983
Kruif, C.G. de; Miltenburg, J.C. van; Blok, J.G.,
Molar heat capacities and vapour pressures of solid and liquid benzophenone,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1983, 15, 2, 129-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(83)90151-9
. [all data]
Colomina, Jimenez, et al., 1980
Colomina, M.; Jimenez, P.; Turrion, C.; Fernandez, J.A.; Monzon, C.,
An. Quim. Ser. A, 1980, 76, 245. [all data]
De Kruif and Van Ginkel, 1977
De Kruif, C.G.; Van Ginkel, C.H.D.,
Torsion-weighing effusion vapour-pressure measurements on organic compounds,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1977, 9, 8, 725-730, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(77)90015-5
. [all data]
DeKruif, van Ginkel, et al., 1975
DeKruif, C.G.; van Ginkel, C.H.D.; Voogd, J.,
Torsion-effusion vapour pressure measurements of organic compounds,
Conf. Int. Thermodyn. Chim. C. R. 4th, 1975, 8, 11-18. [all data]
Serpinskii, Voitkevich, et al., 1956
Serpinskii, V.V.; Voitkevich, S.A.; Lyuboshits, N.Y.,
Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1956, 30, 177. [all data]
Wolf and Weghofer, 1938
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H.Z.,
Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. B, 1938, 39, 194. [all data]
Wolf and Trieschmann, 1934
Wolf, K.L.; Trieschmann, H.G.,
Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. B, 1934, 27, 376. [all data]
Wolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H.,
Uber sublimationswarmen,
Z. Phys. Chem., 1938, 39, 194-208. [all data]
Chirico, Knipmeyer, et al., 2002
Chirico, R.D.; Knipmeyer, S.E.; Steele, W.V.,
Heat capacities, enthalpy increments, and derived thermodynamic functions for benzophenone between the temperatures 5K and 440K,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2002, 34, 11, 1885-1895, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9614(02)00261-6
. [all data]
Hanaya, Hikima, et al., 2002
Hanaya, Minoru; Hikima, Takaaki; Hatase, Minoru; Oguni, Masaharu,
Low-temperature adiabatic calorimetry of salol and benzophenone and microscopic observation of their crystallization: finding of homogeneous-nucleation-based crystallization,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2002, 34, 8, 1173-1193, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.2002.0976
. [all data]
Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D.,
Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985
. [all data]
Eykman, 1889
Eykman, J.F.,
Zur kryoskopischen Molekulargewichtsbestimmung,
Z. Physik. Chem., 1889, 4, 497-519. [all data]
Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994
Kiss, G.; Nolan, S.P.; Hoff, C.D.,
Inorg. Chim. Acta, 1994, 227, 285. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Grimsrud, Caldwell, et al., 1985
Grimsrud, E.; Caldwell, G.; Kebarle, P.,
Electron affinities from electron transfer equilibria: A- + B = A + B-,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 4627. [all data]
Maeyama, Yagi, et al., 2008
Maeyama, T.; Yagi, I.; Fujii, A.; Mikami, N.,
Photoelectron spectroscopy of microsolvated benzophenone radical anions to reveal the origin of solvatochromic shifts in alcoholic media,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 2008, 457, 1-3, 18-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2008.03.055
. [all data]
Huh, Kang, et al., 1999
Huh, C.; Kang, C.H.; Lee, H.W.; Nakamura, H.; Mishima, M.; Tsuno, Y.; Yamataka, H.,
Thermodynamic stabilities and resonance demand of aromatic radical anions in the gas phase,
Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1999, 72, 5, 1083-1091, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.72.1083
. [all data]
Fukuda and McIver, 1985
Fukuda, E.K.; McIver, R.T., Jr.,
Relative electron affinities of substituted benzophenones, nitrobenzenes, and quinones. [Anchored to EA(SO2) from 74CEL/BEN],
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 2291. [all data]
Kebarle and Chowdhury, 1987
Kebarle, P.; Chowdhury, S.,
Electron affinities and electron transfer reactions,
Chem. Rev., 1987, 87, 513. [all data]
Chen and Wentworth, 1983
Chen, E.C.M.; Wentworth, W.E.,
Determination of molecular electron affinities using the electron capture detector in the pulse sampling mode at steady state,
J. Phys. Chem., 1983, 87, 45. [all data]
Grutzmacher and Schubert, 1979
Grutzmacher, H.-F.; Schubert, R.,
Substituent effects in the mass spectra of benzoyl hetarenes,
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1979, 14, 567. [all data]
Elder, Beynon, et al., 1976
Elder, J.F.; Beynon, J.H.; Cooks, R.G.,
The benzoyl ion. Thermochemistry and kinetic energy release,
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1976, 11, 415. [all data]
Krenmayr, Heller, et al., 1974
Krenmayr, P.; Heller, R.; Varmuza, K.,
Massenspektrometrische untersuchungen an benzophenon und substituierten benzophenonen. I. Ermittlung thermodynamischer grossen,
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1974, 9, 998. [all data]
Heller, Varmuza, et al., 1974
Heller, R.; Varmuza, K.; Krenmayr, P.,
Massenspektrometrische untersuchung des substituenteneffektes bei einfach substituierten benzophenonen,
Monatsh. Chem., 1974, 105, 787. [all data]
Benoit, 1973
Benoit, F.,
The benzoyl cation: The participation of isolated electronic excited states in the dissociation of molecular ions of the form [C6H5COX]+,
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1973, 7, 1407. [all data]
Iskakov and Potapov, 1971
Iskakov, L.I.; Potapov, V.K.,
Photionization and decomposition of benzaldehyde, acetophenone, and benzophenone,
High Energy Chem., 1971, 5, 238, In original 265. [all data]
Natalis and Franklin, 1965
Natalis, P.; Franklin, J.L.,
Ionization and dissociation of diphenyl and condensed ring aromatics by electron impact. II. Diphenylcarbonyls and ethers,
J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 2943. [all data]
Foffani, Pignataro, et al., 1964
Foffani, A.; Pignataro, S.; Cantone, B.; Grasso, F.,
Ionization potentials and substituent effects for aromatic carbonyl compounds,
Z. Physik. Chem. (Frankfurt), 1964, 42, 221. [all data]
Terenin, 1961
Terenin, A.,
Charge transfer in organic solids, induced by light,
Proc. Chem. Soc., London, 1961, 321. [all data]
McAlduff and Bunbury, 1979
McAlduff, E.J.; Bunbury, D.L.,
Photoelectron spectra of some aromatic mono-and di-ketones,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1979, 17, 81. [all data]
Centineo, Fragala, et al., 1978
Centineo, G.; Fragala, I.; Bruno, G.; Spampinato, S.,
Photoelectron spectroscopy of benzophenone, acetophenone and their ortho-alkyl derivatives,
J. Mol. Struct., 1978, 44, 203. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Cp,solid Constant pressure heat capacity of solid EA Electron affinity IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy Pc Critical pressure Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔcH°solid Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°solid Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔsubH Enthalpy of sublimation ΔsubH° Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions ρc Critical density - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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