Nitrous oxide

Formula: N₂O
Molecular weight: 44.0128
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/N2O/c1-2-3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 10024-97-2
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Nitrogen oxide (N2O); Dinitrogen monoxide; Dinitrogen oxide; Laughing gas; N2O; Factitious air; Hyponitrous acid anhydride; Nitrogen oxide; UN 1070; UN 2201; Nitrogen monoxide; Nitral
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Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Gas phase thermochemistry data
- Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 51 to 83
- Henry's Law data
- Ion clustering data
- IR Spectrum
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- Gas Chromatography
- Fluid Properties
Data at other public NIST sites:
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Phase change data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_triple	0.86741	atm	N/A	Fonseca and Lobo, 1989	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0001 atm; TRC
P_triple	0.8676	atm	N/A	Calado, Rebelo, et al., 1986	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.00008 atm; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_c	309.56	K	N/A	Ohgaki, Umezono, et al., 1990	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.15 K; TRC
T_c	309.65	K	N/A	Li and Kiran, 1988	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
T_c	309.49	K	N/A	Tsiklis and Prokhorov, 1967	TRC
T_c	309.55	K	N/A	Cook, 1953	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_c	71.43	atm	N/A	Ohgaki, Umezono, et al., 1990	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.20 atm; TRC
P_c	71.75	atm	N/A	Li and Kiran, 1988	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.49 atm; TRC
P_c	71.400	atm	N/A	Cook, 1953	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5000 atm; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
V_c	0.0955	l/mol	N/A	Li and Kiran, 1988	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.002 l/mol; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
ρ_c	10.3	mol/l	N/A	Ohgaki, Umezono, et al., 1990	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 mol/l; TRC
ρ_c	10.2	mol/l	N/A	Tsiklis and Prokhorov, 1967	Visual in pVT apparatus, Khodeeva and Lebedeva Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 1966, 40, 1668.; TRC
ρ_c	10.3	mol/l	N/A	Cook, 1953	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 mol/l; TRC

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
3.94	184.7	Atake and Chihara, 1974	AC
3.85	221.	Hoge, 1945	Based on data from 182. to 236. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
129.8 to 187.7	4.37228	621.077	-44.659	Stull, 1947	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

Δ_subH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
6.00 ± 0.1	74.	LE	Bryson, Cazcarra, et al., 1974	Based on data from 68. to 80. K.; AC
5.88	161.	N/A	Blue and Giauque, 1935	Based on data from 148. to 182. K.; AC
5.64	113.	MG	Black, van Praagh, et al., 1930	Based on data from 103. to 123. K.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

Δ_fusH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
1.6	182.4	Atake and Chihara, 1974	AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

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Reactions 1 to 50

+ Nitrous oxide = ( • )

By formula: NO^- + N₂O = (NO^- • N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10. ± 30.	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	14.9	cal/mol*K	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; Δ_rH(0 K)=7.70 kcal/mol; M

NO₂⁺ + Nitrous oxide = (NO₂⁺ • )

By formula: NO₂⁺ + N₂O = (NO₂⁺ • N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	14.1	kcal/mol	EI	Cameron, Aitken, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	17.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	13.1 ± 0.8	kcal/mol	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; Δ_rH(0 K)=13.3 kcal/mol; M
Δ_rH°	13.1	kcal/mol	PI	Linn and Ng, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	12.4	cal/mol*K	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; Δ_rH(0 K)=13.3 kcal/mol; M

+ Nitrous oxide = ( • )

By formula: O₂⁺ + N₂O = (O₂⁺ • N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	13.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	10.7 ± 0.4	kcal/mol	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; Δ_rH(0 K)=10.8 kcal/mol; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	23.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	15.3	cal/mol*K	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; Δ_rH(0 K)=10.8 kcal/mol; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
8.9	200.	FA	Adams and Bohme, 1970	gas phase; switching reaction(O2+)O2; M

( • 2 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (I^- • 2N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 3N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δ_rH°	3.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	15.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 2)

By formula: (NO^- • N₂O) + N₂O = (NO^- • 2N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.90 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Hendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	4.60	kcal/mol	N/A	Coe, Snodgrass, et al., 1987	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	5.6	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	6.	kcal/mol	PES	Coe, Snodgrass, et al., 1986	gas phase; D(N2O)2 not accounted for; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-1.0 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • 2 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (NO^- • 2N₂O) + N₂O = (NO^- • 3N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.20 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Hendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	5.1	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	23.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	21.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-1.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 2)

By formula: (I^- • N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 2N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.9 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δ_rH°	3.3 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	14.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M

+ Nitrous oxide = ( • )

By formula: I^- + N₂O = (I^- • N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
Δ_rH°	3.8 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	14.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M

HN₂O⁺ + Nitrous oxide = (HN₂O⁺ • )

By formula: HN₂O⁺ + N₂O = (HN₂O⁺ • N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	16.7	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	20.6	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Szulejko and McMahon, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	20.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	31.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Szulejko and McMahon, 1992	gas phase; M

( • 2 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (O₂^- • 2N₂O) + N₂O = (O₂^- • 3N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.40 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-0.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • 3 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (O₂^- • 3N₂O) + N₂O = (O₂^- • 4N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.70 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-1.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • 4 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (O₂^- • 4N₂O) + N₂O = (O₂^- • 5N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.30 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-1.9 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • 5 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 6)

By formula: (O₂^- • 5N₂O) + N₂O = (O₂^- • 6N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.00 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-2.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

(O^- • 2 Nitrous oxide ) + = (O^- • 3)

By formula: (O^- • 2N₂O) + N₂O = (O^- • 3N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.40 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-0.9 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

(O^- • 3 Nitrous oxide ) + = (O^- • 4)

By formula: (O^- • 3N₂O) + N₂O = (O^- • 4N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.20 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-2.0 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

(O^- • 4 Nitrous oxide ) + = (O^- • 5)

By formula: (O^- • 4N₂O) + N₂O = (O^- • 5N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.20 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	25.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-2.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

(O^- • 5 Nitrous oxide ) + = (O^- • 6)

By formula: (O^- • 5N₂O) + N₂O = (O^- • 6N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.10 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	26.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-2.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

(O^- • 6 Nitrous oxide ) + = (O^- • 7)

By formula: (O^- • 6N₂O) + N₂O = (O^- • 7N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.10 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	28.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-3.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

(O^- • Nitrous oxide ) + = (O^- • 2)

By formula: (O^- • N₂O) + N₂O = (O^- • 2N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.40 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-0.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 2)

By formula: (O₂^- • N₂O) + N₂O = (O₂^- • 2N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.70 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	27.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	0.6 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

+ Nitrous oxide = ( • )

By formula: O₂^- + N₂O = (O₂^- • N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	<13.60	kcal/mol	IMRB	Adams and Bohme, 1970	gas phase; N₂O..O₂^- + O₂ -> O₄^- + N₂O; B
Δ_rH°	8.8	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	27.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M

( • 3 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (NO^- • 3N₂O) + N₂O = (NO^- • 4N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.00 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Hendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	4.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-1.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • 4 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (NO^- • 4N₂O) + N₂O = (NO^- • 5N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.20 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Hendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	4.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-1.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • 3 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (H₃O⁺ • 3N₂O) + N₂O = (H₃O⁺ • 4N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(NO₂⁺ • 5 Nitrous oxide ) + = (NO₂⁺ • 6)

By formula: (NO₂⁺ • 5N₂O) + N₂O = (NO₂⁺ • 6N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	3.9	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(HN₂O⁺ • 5 Nitrous oxide ) + = (HN₂O⁺ • 6)

By formula: (HN₂O⁺ • 5N₂O) + N₂O = (HN₂O⁺ • 6N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.8	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	30.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 4 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (Cl^- • 4N₂O) + N₂O = (Cl^- • 5N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.8	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 6 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 7)

By formula: (F^- • 6N₂O) + N₂O = (F^- • 7N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	3.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	20.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(NO₂⁺ • 2 Nitrous oxide ) + = (NO₂⁺ • 3)

By formula: (NO₂⁺ • 2N₂O) + N₂O = (NO₂⁺ • 3N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.8	kcal/mol	EI	Cameron, Aitken, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	5.6	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M

(NO₂⁺ • Nitrous oxide ) + = (NO₂⁺ • 2)

By formula: (NO₂⁺ • N₂O) + N₂O = (NO₂⁺ • 2N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.1	kcal/mol	EI	Cameron, Aitken, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	5.7	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994	gas phase; M

( • 5 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 6)

By formula: (NO^- • 5N₂O) + N₂O = (NO^- • 6N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.40 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-1.9 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

( • 6 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 7)

By formula: (NO^- • 6N₂O) + N₂O = (NO^- • 7N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.20 ± 0.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B,M,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-2.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1994, 2	gas phase; B

+ Nitrous oxide = ( • )

By formula: CH₃⁺ + N₂O = (CH₃⁺ • N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	52.9	kcal/mol	PHPMS	McMahon, Heinis, et al., 1988	gas phase; switching reaction(CH3+)N2, Entropy change calculated or estimated, uses MCA(N2) = 48.3 kcal/mol; Foster, Williamson, et al., 1974; M

( • 10 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 11)

By formula: (I^- • 10N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 11N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( • 11 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 12)

By formula: (I^- • 11N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 12N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.3 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( • 9 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 10)

By formula: (I^- • 9N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 10N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( • 3 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (I^- • 3N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 4N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( • 4 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (I^- • 4N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 5N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( • 5 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 6)

By formula: (I^- • 5N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 6N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.3 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( • 6 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 7)

By formula: (I^- • 6N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 7N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.2 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( • 7 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 8)

By formula: (I^- • 7N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 8N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( • 8 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 9)

By formula: (I^- • 8N₂O) + N₂O = (I^- • 9N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.4 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

(N₂O₂^- • 4294967295 Nitrous oxide ) + = N₂O₂^-

By formula: (N₂O₂^- • 4294967295N₂O) + N₂O = N₂O₂^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	23.1 ± 1.2	kcal/mol	N/A	Li and Continetti, 2002	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	32.30 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	LPD	Osboen, Leahy, et al., 1996	gas phase; Affinity at 0 K; B

(HO^- • 3 Nitrous oxide ) + = (HO^- • 4)

By formula: (HO^- • 3N₂O) + N₂O = (HO^- • 4N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	>7. ± 33.	kcal/mol	N/A	Kim, Wenthold, et al., 1998	gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.981 eV. Affinity is EA difference with next lower +0.08 eV f; B

(HO^- • 4 Nitrous oxide ) + = (HO^- • 5)

By formula: (HO^- • 4N₂O) + N₂O = (HO^- • 5N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	>5. ± 54.	kcal/mol	N/A	Kim, Wenthold, et al., 1998	gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 3.146 eV. Affinity is EA difference with next lower +0.08 eV f; B

(HO^- • 2 Nitrous oxide ) + = (HO^- • 3)

By formula: (HO^- • 2N₂O) + N₂O = (HO^- • 3N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Kim, Wenthold, et al., 1998	gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.761 eV. Affinity is EA difference with next lower +0.08 eV f; B

(HO^- • Nitrous oxide ) + = (HO^- • 2)

By formula: (HO^- • N₂O) + N₂O = (HO^- • 2N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.80	kcal/mol	N/A	Kim, Wenthold, et al., 1998	gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.485 eV. Affinity is EA difference with next lower +0.08 eV f; B

( • 2 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (Cl^- • 2N₂O) + N₂O = (Cl^- • 3N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.1 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	20.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M

( • 3 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (Cl^- • 3N₂O) + N₂O = (Cl^- • 4N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.9 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	20.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M

( • 2 Nitrous oxide ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (F^- • 2N₂O) + N₂O = (F^- • 3N₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.4 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	23.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Aruga, et al., 1993	gas phase; M

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to N₂O⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
IE (evaluated)	12.889 ± 0.004	eV	N/A	N/A	L
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Proton affinity (review)	131.4	kcal/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	at N; HL
Proton affinity (review)	137.5	kcal/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	at O; HL
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Gas basicity	125.1	kcal/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	at N; HL
Gas basicity	131.1	kcal/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	at O; HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
0.22 ± 0.10	CIDT	Tiernan and Wu, 1978	B
>-0.15 ± 0.10	NBIE	Nalley, Compton, et al., 1973	B
0.27 ± 0.17	ECD	Wentworth, Chen, et al., 1971	B
<0.76 ± 0.10	LPES	Coe, Snodgrass, et al., 1986	Vertical Detachment Energy: ca. 1.5 eV. Anion bent, with little Franck-Condon overlap; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
12.89	PE	Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981	LLK
12. ± 1.	PI	Hitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980	LLK
12.91 ± 0.03	EI	Sahini, Constantin, et al., 1978	LLK
12.886 ± 0.002	PE	Berkowitz and Eland, 1977	LLK
12.88 ± 0.005	PI	Coppens, Smets, et al., 1974	LLK
12.89 ± 0.005	PI	Coppens, Smets, et al., 1974	LLK
12.90	PE	Eland, 1973	LLK
12.891 ± 0.008	PE	Collin and Natalis, 1969	RDSH
12.893 ± 0.005	PE	Brundle and Turner, 1969	RDSH
12.89	PI	Cook, Metzger, et al., 1968	RDSH
12.888 ± 0.007	PI	Dibeler and Walker, 1967	RDSH
12.8 ± 0.05	EI	Carette, 1967	RDSH
12.882 ± 0.008	PI	Nicholson, 1965	RDSH
12.894	S	Tanaka, Jursa, et al., 1960	RDSH
12.89	PE	Potts and Williams, 1974	Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
N⁺	20. ± 1.	NO	PI	Hitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980	LLK
N⁺	19.494	NO	PE	Berkowitz and Eland, 1977	LLK
N⁺	20.06	NO	PE	Dibeler, Walker, et al., 1967	RDSH
NO⁺	15.3 ± 0.1	N	EI	Olivier, Locht, et al., 1982	LBLHLM
NO⁺	16. ± 1.	N	PI	Hitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980	LLK
NO⁺	16.53 ± 0.01	N	PI	Coppens, Smets, et al., 1974	LLK
NO⁺	15.01	N	PI	Coppens, Smets, et al., 1974	LLK
NO⁺	17.73 ± 0.01	N	PI	Coppens, Smets, et al., 1974	LLK
NO⁺	14.3 ± 0.3	N(4Sø)	EI	Coleman, Delderfield, et al., 1969	RDSH
NO⁺	17.74	N(2Pø)?	PI	Dibeler and Walker, 1967	RDSH
NO⁺	16.53	N(2Dø)?	PI	Dibeler and Walker, 1967	RDSH
NO⁺	15.01	N(4Sø)	PI	Dibeler and Walker, 1967	RDSH
NO⁺	13.75 ± 0.10	N(4Sø)	EI	Curran and Fox, 1961	RDSH
N₂⁺	17.3 ± 0.2	O	EI	Olivier, Locht, et al., 1982	LBLHLM
N₂⁺	18. ± 1.	O	PI	Hitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980	LLK
N₂⁺	17.29	O	PI	Dibeler, 1967	RDSH
O⁺	15. ± 1.	N₂	PI	Hitchcock, Brion, et al., 1980	LLK
O⁺	15.31	N₂	PI	Dibeler, Walker, et al., 1967	RDSH

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

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Illies, A.J., Thermochemistry of the Gas - Phase Ion - Molecule Clustering of CO2+CO2, SO2+CO2, N2O+N2O, O2+CO2, NO+CO2 and NO+N2O: Description of a New Hybrid Drift Tube/Ion Source with Coaxial Electron Beam and Ion Exit Apertures, J. Phys. Chem., 1988, 92, 10, 2889, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100321a037 . [all data]

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Olivier, J.L.; Locht, R.; Momigny, J., A dissociative electroionization study of nitrous oxide. The No and N₂ dissociation channels, Chem. Phys., 1982, 68, 201. [all data]

Coleman, Delderfield, et al., 1969
Coleman, R.J.; Delderfield, J.S.; Reuben, B.G., The gas-phase decomposition of the nitrous oxide ion, Intern. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1969, 2, 25. [all data]

Curran and Fox, 1961
Curran, R.K.; Fox, R.E., Mass spectrometer investigation of ionization of N₂O by electron impact, J. Chem. Phys., 1961, 34, 1590. [all data]

Dibeler, 1967
Dibeler, V.H., N₂O bond dissociation energy by photon impact, J. Chem. Phys., 1967, 47, 2191. [all data]

Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

AE	Appearance energy
EA	Electron affinity
IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
P_c	Critical pressure
P_triple	Triple point pressure
T	Temperature
T_c	Critical temperature
V_c	Critical volume
Δ_fusH	Enthalpy of fusion
Δ_rG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_subH	Enthalpy of sublimation
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
ρ_c	Critical density

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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