Formyl cation

• Formula: CHO⁺
• Molecular weight: 29.0175
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/CHO/c1-2/h1H/q+1 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XPRMKTHGXOVKEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 17030-74-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Formyl, unipositive ion; Methylium, oxo-; HCO; HCO+
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
  • References
  • Notes
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
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Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CHO⁺ + CO = (CHO⁺ • CO)

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 2CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 3CO)

( • 3) +  = ( • 4)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 3CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 4CO)

( • 4) +  = ( • 5)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 4CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 5CO)

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 2CO)

( • 14) +  = ( • 15)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 14CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 15CO)

( • 3) +  = ( • 4)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ • 4CO₂)

( • 10) +  = ( • 11)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 10CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 11CO)

( • 11) +  = ( • 12)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 11CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 12CO)

( • 12) +  = ( • 13)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 12CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 13CO)

( • 13) +  = ( • 14)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 13CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 14CO)

( • 9) +  = ( • 10)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 9CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 10CO)

( • 5) +  = ( • 6)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 5CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 6CO)

( • 6) +  = ( • 7)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 6CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 7CO)

( • 7) +  = ( • 8)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 7CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 8CO)

( • 8) +  = ( • 9)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 8CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 9CO)

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ • 3CO₂)

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ • 2CO₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CHO⁺ + H₂ = (CHO⁺ • H₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CHO⁺ + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ • CO₂)

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CHO⁺ + CO = (CHO⁺ • CO)

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 2CO)

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 2CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 3CO)

( • 3) +  = ( • 4)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 3CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 4CO)

( • 4) +  = ( • 5)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 4CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 5CO)

( • 5) +  = ( • 6)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 5CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 6CO)

( • 6) +  = ( • 7)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 6CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 7CO)

( • 7) +  = ( • 8)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 7CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 8CO)

( • 8) +  = ( • 9)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 8CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 9CO)

( • 9) +  = ( • 10)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 9CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 10CO)

( • 10) +  = ( • 11)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 10CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 11CO)

( • 11) +  = ( • 12)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 11CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 12CO)

( • 12) +  = ( • 13)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 12CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 13CO)

( • 13) +  = ( • 14)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 13CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 14CO)

( • 14) +  = ( • 15)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 14CO) + CO = (CHO⁺ • 15CO)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CHO⁺ + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ • CO₂)

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ • 2CO₂)

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ • 3CO₂)

( • 3) +  = ( • 4)

By formula: (CHO⁺ • 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ • 4CO₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CHO⁺ + H₂ = (CHO⁺ • H₂)

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State:   X

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 37; Jacox, 1998, page 145; Jacox, 2003, page 33; Dyke, Jonathan, et al., 1980; Bogey, Demuynck, et al., 1981; Sastry, Herbst, et al., 1981; Woods, Saykally, et al., 1981; Foster and McKellar, 1984; Kawaguchi, McKellar, et al., 1986; Dyke, 1987; Woods, 1988; Ohshima, Sumiyoshi, et al., 1997; Olkhov, Nizkorodov, et al., 1997; Foltynowicz, Robinson, et al., 2001; Foltynowicz, Robinson, et al., 2001, 2; Dore, Beninati, et al., 2003

Notes

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Jennings, Headley, et al., 1982
Jennings, K.R.; Headley, J.V.; Mason, R.S., The Temperature Dependence of Ion - Molecule Association Reactions, Int. J. Mass. Spectrom. Ion Phys, 1982, 45, 315. [all data]

Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979
Hiraoka, K.; Saluja, P.P.S.; Kebarle, P., Stabilities of Complexes (N2)nH+, (CO)nH+ and (O2)nH+ for n = 1 to 7 Based on Gas Phase Ion Equilibrium Measurements, Can. J. Chem., 1979, 57, 16, 2159, https://doi.org/10.1139/v79-346 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1974
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Field, F.H., Kinetics and Thermodynamics of the Association of CO+ with CO and of N2+ with N2 between 120 and 650 K, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 61, 9, 3742, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1682560 . [all data]

Hiraoka and Mori, 1989
Hiraoka, K.; Mori, T., Gas Phase Stabilities of the Cluster Ions H+(CO)2(CO)n, H+(N2)2(N2)n and H+(O2)2(O2)n with n = 1 - 14, Chem. Phys., 1989, 137, 1-3, 345, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(89)87119-8 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986
Hiraoka, K.; Shoda, T.; Morise, K.; Yamabe, S.; Kawai, E.; Hirao, K., Stability and structure of cluster ions in the gas phase: Carbon dioxide with Cl^-, H₃O⁺, HCO₂⁺ and HCO⁺, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 84, 2091. [all data]

Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1975
Hiraoka, K.; Kebarle, P., Stability and Structure of H3CO+ Formed from COH+ + H2 at Low Temperature, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 4, 1688, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.431499 . [all data]

Gudeman, Begemann, et al., 1983
Gudeman, C.S.; Begemann, M.H.; Pfaff, J.; Saykally, R.J., Velocity-Modulated Infrared Laser Spectroscopy of Molecular Ions: The ν_{1} Band of HCO^{+}, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1983, 50, 10, 727, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.727 . [all data]

Amano, 1983
Amano, T., The ν1 fundamental band of HCO+ by difference frequency laser spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 79, 7, 3595, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.446216 . [all data]

Owrutsky, Keim, et al., 1989
Owrutsky, J.C.; Keim, E.R.; Coe, J.V.; Saykally, R.J., Absolute IR intensities of the .nu.1 bands of hydrodinitrogen(1+) and oxomethylium determined by direct laser absorption spectroscopy in fast ion beams, J. Phys. Chem., 1989, 93, 16, 5960, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100353a003 . [all data]

Keim, Polak, et al., 1990
Keim, E.R.; Polak, M.L.; Owrutsky, J.C.; Coe, J.V.; Saykally, R.J., Absolute infrared vibrational band intensities of molecular ions determined by direct laser absorption spectroscopy in fast ion beams, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 5, 3111, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458845 . [all data]

Nizkorodov, Maier, et al., 1995
Nizkorodov, S.A.; Maier, J.P.; Bieske, E.J., The infrared spectrum of He--HCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 103, 4, 1297, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469806 . [all data]

Nizkorodov, Dopfer, et al., 1996
Nizkorodov, S.A.; Dopfer, O.; Meuwly, M.; Maier, J.P.; Bieske, E.J., Mid-infrared spectra of the proton-bound complexes Nen--HCO+ (n=1,2), J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 105, 5, 1770, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.472052 . [all data]

Nizkorodov, Dopfer, et al., 1995
Nizkorodov, S.A.; Dopfer, O.; Ruchti, T.; Meuwly, M.; Maier, J.P.; Bieske, E.J., Size Effects in Cluster Infrared Spectra: the .nu.1 Band of Arn-HCO+ (n = 1-13), J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 47, 17118, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100047a013 . [all data]

Bieske, Nizkorodov, et al., 1995
Bieske, E.J.; Nizkorodov, S.A.; Bennett, F.R.; Maier, J.P., The infrared spectrum of the H2--HCO+ complex, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 13, 5152, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469240 . [all data]

Davies and Rothwell, 1984
Davies, P.B.; Rothwell, W.J., Diode laser detection of the bending mode of HCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 81, 12, 5239, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.447688 . [all data]

Kawaguchi, Yamada, et al., 1985
Kawaguchi, K.; Yamada, C.; Saito, S.; Hirota, E., Magnetic field modulated infrared laser spectroscopy of molecular ions: The ν2 band of HCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 82, 4, 1750, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.448407 . [all data]

Foltynowicz, Robinson, et al., 2000
Foltynowicz, R.J.; Robinson, J.D.; Zuckerman, E.J.; Hedderich, H.G.; Grant, E.R., Experimental Characterization of the Higher Vibrationally Excited States of HCO+: Determination of ω2, x22, g22, and B(030), J. Mol. Spectrosc., 2000, 199, 2, 147, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1999.8014 . [all data]

Foster, McKellar, et al., 1984
Foster, S.C.; McKellar, A.R.W.; Sears, T.J., Observation of the ν3 fundamental band of HCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 81, 1, 578, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.447344 . [all data]

Davies, Hamilton, et al., 1984
Davies, P.B.; Hamilton, P.A.; Rothwell, W.J., Infrared laser spectroscopy of the ν3 fundamental of HCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 81, 4, 1598, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.447889 . [all data]

Liu, Lee, et al., 1988
Liu, D.-J.; Lee, S.-T.; Oka, T., The ν3 fundamental band of HCNH+ and the 2ν3 ← ν3 and ν2 + ν3 ← ν2 hot bands of HCO+, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1988, 128, 1, 236, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(88)90221-4 . [all data]

Linnartz, Speck, et al., 1998
Linnartz, H.; Speck, T.; Maier, J.P., High-resolution infrared spectrum of the ν3 band in Ar--HCO+, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1998, 288, 2-4, 504, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00304-2 . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017 . [all data]

Jacox, 2003
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement B, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2003, 32, 1, 1-441, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1497629 . [all data]

Dyke, Jonathan, et al., 1980
Dyke, J.M.; Jonathan, N.B.H.; Morris, A.; Winter, M.J., The first ionization potential of the formyl radical, HCO(X²A'), studied using photoelectron spectroscopy, Mol. Phys., 1980, 39, 629. [all data]

Bogey, Demuynck, et al., 1981
Bogey, M.; Demuynck, C.; Destombes, J.L., Centrifugal distortion effects in HCO, Mol. Phys., 1981, 43, 5, 1043, https://doi.org/10.1080/00268978100101861 . [all data]

Sastry, Herbst, et al., 1981
Sastry, K.V.L.N.; Herbst, E.; De Lucia, F.C., Millimeter and submillimeter spectra of HCO+ and DCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 75, 8, 4169, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.442513 . [all data]

Woods, Saykally, et al., 1981
Woods, R.C.; Saykally, R.J.; Anderson, T.G.; Dixon, T.A.; Szanto, P.G., The molecular structure of HCO+ by the microwave substitution method, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 75, 9, 4256, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.442627 . [all data]

Foster and McKellar, 1984
Foster, S.C.; McKellar, A.R.W., The ν3 fundamental bands of HN+2, DN+2, and DCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 81, 8, 3424, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.448066 . [all data]

Kawaguchi, McKellar, et al., 1986
Kawaguchi, K.; McKellar, A.R.W.; Hirota, E., Magnetic field modulated infrared laser spectroscopy of molecular ions: The ν1 band of DCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 84, 3, 1146, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.450503 . [all data]

Dyke, 1987
Dyke, J.M., J. Chem. Soc., 1987, Faraday Trans. 2 83, 69. [all data]

Woods, 1988
Woods, R.C., Microwave Spectroscopy of Molecular Ions in the Laboratory and in Space [and Discussion], Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) A324, 1988, 324, 1578, 141, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1988.0007 . [all data]

Ohshima, Sumiyoshi, et al., 1997
Ohshima, Y.; Sumiyoshi, Y.; Endo, Y., Rotational spectrum of the Ar--HCO+ ionic complex, J. Chem. Phys., 1997, 106, 7, 2977, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.473416 . [all data]

Olkhov, Nizkorodov, et al., 1997
Olkhov, R.V.; Nizkorodov, S.A.; Dopfer, O., Hindered rotation in ion-neutral molecular complexes: The ν[sub 1] vibration of H[sub 2]--HCO[sup +] and D[sub 2]--DCO[sup +], J. Chem. Phys., 1997, 107, 20, 8229, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.475027 . [all data]

Foltynowicz, Robinson, et al., 2001
Foltynowicz, R.J.; Robinson, J.D.; Grant, E.R., Double-resonant photoionization efficiency spectroscopy: A precise determination of the adiabatic ionization potential of DCO, J. Chem. Phys., 2001, 114, 12, 5224, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1349080 . [all data]

Foltynowicz, Robinson, et al., 2001, 2
Foltynowicz, R.J.; Robinson, J.D.; Grant, E.R., An experimental measure of anharmonicity in the bending of DCO[sup +], J. Chem. Phys., 2001, 115, 2, 878, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1379336 . [all data]

Dore, Beninati, et al., 2003
Dore, L.; Beninati, S.; Puzzarini, C.; Cazzoli, G., Study of vibrational interactions in DCO[sup +] by millimeter-wave spectroscopy and determination of the equilibrium structure of the formyl ion, J. Chem. Phys., 2003, 118, 17, 7857, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1564042 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions

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