Methane, bromo-

• Formula: CH₃Br
• Molecular weight: 94.939
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/CH3Br/c1-2/h1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 74-83-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Isotopologues:
  • bromo(2H3)methane
• Other names: Bromomethane; Curafume; Embafume; Halon 1001; Haltox; Iscobrome; Methyl bromide; Monobromomethane; Terabol; CH3Br; Bercema; Brom-methan; Brom-O-gas; Brom-O-gaz; Bromometano; Bromure de methyle; Bromuro di metile; Broommethaan; Celfume; Dawson 100; Detia gas ex-M; Dowfume mc-2; Dowfume mc-33; Dowfume mc-2 soil fumigant; Edco; Fumigant-1; Kayafume; MBX; MeBr; Metafume; Methogas; Methylbromid; Metylu bromek; Pestmaster; Profume; R 40B1; Rcra waste number U029; Terr-O-gas 67; Terr-O-gas 100; UN 1062; Zytox; Brom-O-sol; Methybrom
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

CH₂Br^- +  =

By formula: CH₂Br^- + H⁺ = CH₃Br

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + CH₃Br = (Cl^- • CH₃Br)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Br^- + CH₃Br = (Br^- • CH₃Br)

 (cr) +  (l) = CH₃BrMg (solution)

By formula: Mg (cr) + CH₃Br (l) = CH₃BrMg (solution)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CH₃⁺ + CH₃Br = (CH₃⁺ • CH₃Br)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: I^- + CH₃Br = (I^- • CH₃Br)

 (l) + 3 (l) = Br₃In (cr) + 3 (g)

By formula: C₃H₉In (l) + 3Br₂ (l) = Br₃In (cr) + 3CH₃Br (g)

CH₆N⁺ +  = (CH₆N⁺ • )

By formula: CH₆N⁺ + CH₃Br = (CH₆N⁺ • CH₃Br)

 (l) + 2 (l) = 2 (g) +  (cr)

By formula: C₂H₆Hg (l) + 2Br₂ (l) = 2CH₃Br (g) + Br₂Hg (cr)

 (l) +  (g) = C₃H₉BrSn (l) +  (g)

By formula: C₄H₁₂Sn (l) + Br₂ (g) = C₃H₉BrSn (l) + CH₃Br (g)

 (cr) + 1.5 (g) =  (cr) + 5 (g) +  (g)

By formula: C₆H₃MnO₅ (cr) + 1.5Br₂ (g) = Br₂Mn (cr) + 5CO (g) + CH₃Br (g)

 (cr) + 1.5 (g) =  (cr) + 6 (g) +  (g)

By formula: C₇H₃MnO₆ (cr) + 1.5Br₂ (g) = Br₂Mn (cr) + 6CO (g) + CH₃Br (g)

 + 2 = 2 + 

By formula: H₂ + 2CH₃Br = 2CH₄ + Br₂

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂ + CH₃Br = HBr + CH₄

 +  =  + 

By formula: CH₄ + Br₂ = HBr + CH₃Br

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to CH₃Br⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

CH₂Br^- +  =

By formula: CH₂Br^- + H⁺ = CH₃Br

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Ferguson, Okafo, et al., 1973
Ferguson, K.C.; Okafo, E.N.; Whittle, E., Bond dissociation energies from equilibrium studies Part 4.-The equilibrium Br₂ + CH₄ = HBr + CH₃Br. Determination of D(CH₃-Br) and ΔH_f°(CH₃Br,g), J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1973, 69, 295-301. [all data]

Adams, Carson, et al., 1966
Adams, G.P.; Carson, A.S.; Laye, P.G., Thermochemistry of reductions caused by lithium aluminium hydride. Part 4.-Heat of formation of methyl bromide, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1966, 62, 1447-1449. [all data]

Fowell, Lacher, et al., 1965
Fowell, P.; Lacher, J.R.; Park, J.D., Reaction heats of organic compounds. Part 3.-Heats of hydrogenation of methyl bromide and ethyl bromide, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1324-1327. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Egan and Kemp, 1938
Egan, C.J.; Kemp, J.D., Methyl bromide. The heat capacity, vapor pressure, heats of transition, fusion and vaporization. Entropy and density of the gas, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 2097-2101. [all data]

Kurbatov, 1948
Kurbatov, V.Ya., Heat capacity of liquids. 2. Heat capacity and the temperature dependence of heat capacity from halogen derivatives of acylic hydrocarbons, Zh. Obshch. Kim., 1948, 18, 372-389. [all data]

Hierl, Henchman, et al., 1992
Hierl, P.M.; Henchman, M.J.; Paulson, J.F., Threshold Energies for the Reactions HO- + MeX - MeOH + X- measured by Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Acidities of MeCl and MeBr, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1992, 117, 475, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(92)80109-E . [all data]

Ingemann and Nibbering, 1985
Ingemann, S.; Nibbering, N.M.M., Gas phase chemistry of alpha-thio carbanions, Can. J. Chem., 1985, 62, 2273. [all data]

Rogers, Simpson, et al., 2010
Rogers, N.J.; Simpson, M.J.; Tuckett, R.P.; Dunn, K.F.; Latimer, C.J., Vacuum-UV negative photoion spectroscopy of CH3F, CH3Cl and CH3Br, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010, 12, 36, 10971-10980, https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cp00234h . [all data]

Ingemann and Nibbering, 1985, 2
Ingemann, S.; Nibbering, N.M.M., Gas-phase acidity of CH₃X [X = P(CH₃)₂, SCH₃, F, Cl, Br, I] compounds, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, 1985, 837. [all data]

Li, Ross, et al., 1996
Li, C.; Ross, P.; Szulejko, J.; McMahon, T.B., High-Pressure Mass Spectrometric Investigations of the Potential Energy Surfaces of Gas-Phase Sn2 Reactions., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 39, 9360, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja960565o . [all data]

Dougherty and Roberts, 1974
Dougherty, R.C.; Roberts, J.D., SN₂ reactions in the gas phase. Nucleophilicity effects, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1974, 8, 81. [all data]

Riveros, Breda, et al., 1973
Riveros, J.M.; Breda, A.C.; Blair, L.K., Formation and relative stability of chloride ion clusters in the gas phase by ICR spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 4066. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Fluoride and chloride affinities of main group oxides, fluorides, oxofluorides, and alkyls. Quantitative scales of lewis acidities from ion cyclotron resonance halide-exchange equilibria, J. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 1083. [all data]

Holm, 1981
Holm, T., J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. II, 1981, 464.. [all data]

McMahon, Heinis, et al., 1988
McMahon, T.; Heinis, T.; Nicol, G.; Hovey, J.K.; Kebarle, P., Methyl Cation Affinities, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 23, 7591, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00231a002 . [all data]

Foster, Williamson, et al., 1974
Foster, M.S.; Williamson, A.D.; Beauchamp, J.L., Photoionization mass spectrometry of trans-azomethane, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1974, 15, 429. [all data]

Van Duzor, Wei, et al., 2010
Van Duzor, M.; Wei, J.; Mbaiwa, F.; Mabbs, R., I-center dot CH3X (X=Cl, Br, I) photodetachment: The effect of electron-molecule interactions in cluster anion photodetachment spectra and angular distributions, J. Chem. Phys., 2010, 133, 14, 144303, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3487739 . [all data]

Cyr, Bishea, et al., 1992
Cyr, D.M.; Bishea, G.A.; Scarton, M.G.; Johnson, M.A., Observation of Charge-Transfer Excited States in the I-.CH3I, I-.CH3Br, and I-.CH2Br2 S(N)2 Reaction Intermediates Using Photofragmentation, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 97, 8, 5911, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.463752 . [all data]

Clarke and Price, 1968
Clarke, W.D.; Price, S.J.W., Can. J. Chem., 1968, 46, 1633. [all data]

Pedley and Rylance, 1977
Pedley, J.B.; Rylance, J., Computer Analysed Thermochemical Data: Organic and Organometallic Compounds, University of Sussex, Brigton, 1977. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970, 2
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds in Academic Press, New York, 1970. [all data]

Meot-Ner, 1984
Meot-Ner, (Mautner)M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 1. -NH+ O-, -NH+ N- and -OH+ O- Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Deviations Due to Structural Effects, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 5, 1257, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00317a015 . [all data]

Hartley, Pritchard, et al., 1950
Hartley, K.; Pritchard, H.O.; Skinner, H.A., Thermochemistry of metallic alkyls. III.?mercury dimethyl and mercury methyl halides, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1950, 46, 1019, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9504601019 . [all data]

Pedley, Skinner, et al., 1957
Pedley, J.B.; Skinner, H.A.; Chernick, C.L., Thermochemistry of metallic alkyls. Part 8.?Tin tetramethyl, and hexamethyl distannane, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1957, 53, 1612, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9575301612 . [all data]

Connor, Zafarani-Moattar, et al., 1982
Connor, J.A.; Zafarani-Moattar, M.T.; Bickerton, J.; El-Saied, N.I.; Suradi, S.; Carson, R.; Al Takkhin, G.; Skinner, H.A., Organomet., 1982, 1, 1166. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Baig, Connerade, et al., 1982
Baig, M.A.; Connerade, J.P.; Hormes, J., Autoionisation resonances in the 4p(Π) spectrum of methyl bromide, J. Phys. B:, 1982, 15, 5. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Holmes, Fingas, et al., 1981
Holmes, J.L.; Fingas, M.; Lossing, F.P., Towards a general scheme for estimating the heats of formation of organic ions in the gas phase. Part I. Odd-electron cations, Can. J. Chem., 1981, 59, 80. [all data]

Kaposi, Riedel, et al., 1976
Kaposi, O.; Riedel, M.; Vass-Balthazar, K.; Sanchez, G.R.; Lelik, L., Mass-spectrometric determination of thermochemical data of CHBr₃ and CBr₄ by study of their electron impact and heterogeneous pyrolytic decompositions, Acta Chim. Acad. Sci. Hung., 1976, 89, 221. [all data]

Tsai, Baer, et al., 1975
Tsai, B.P.; Baer, T.; Werner, A.S.; Lin, S.F., A photoelectron-photoion coincidence study of the ionization and fragment appearance potentials of bromo- and iodomethanes, J. Phys. Chem., 1975, 79, 570. [all data]

Kaposi, Riedel, et al., 1975
Kaposi, O.; Riedel, M.; Sanchez, G.R., Mass-spectrometric study of electron-impact and heterogeneous pyrolytic decomposition of methyl bromide, Acta Chim. Acad. Sci. Hung., 1975, 85, 361. [all data]

Hochmann, Templet, et al., 1975
Hochmann, P.; Templet, P.H.; Wang, H.-t.; McGlynn, S.P., Molecular Rydberg transitions. I. Low-energy Rydberg transitions in methyl halides, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 2588. [all data]

Ragle, Stenhouse, et al., 1970
Ragle, J.L.; Stenhouse, I.A.; Frost, D.C.; McDowell, C.A., Valence-shell ionization potentials of halomethanes by photoelectron spectroscopy. I. CH₃Cl, CH₃Br, CH₃I. Vibrational frequencies and vibronic interaction in CH₃Br⁺ and CH₃Cl⁺, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 178. [all data]

Potts, Lempka, et al., 1970
Potts, A.W.; Lempka, H.J.; Streets, D.G.; Price, W.C., Photoelectron spectra of the halides of elements in groups III, IV, V and VI, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London), 1970, A268, 59. [all data]

Hashmall and Heilbronner, 1970
Hashmall, J.A.; Heilbronner, E., n-Ionization potentials of alkyl bromides, Angew. Chem. Intern. Ed., 1970, 9, 305. [all data]

Krauss, Walker, et al., 1968
Krauss, M.; Walker, J.A.; Dibeler, V.H., Mass spectrometric study of photoionization. X. Hydrogen chloride and methyl halides, J. Res. NBS, 1968, 72A, 281. [all data]

Nicholson, 1965
Nicholson, A.J.C., Photoionization-efficiency curves. II. False and genuine structure, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 43, 1171. [all data]

Watanabe, 1957
Watanabe, K., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 542. [all data]

Frost and McDowell, 1957
Frost, D.C.; McDowell, C.A., Studies of the ionization of molecules by electron impact. II. Excited states of the molecular ions of methane and the methyl halides, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1957, A241, 194. [all data]

Price, 1936
Price, W.C., The far ultraviolet absorption spectra and ionization potentials of the alkyl halides. Part I, J. Chem. Phys., 1936, 4, 539. [all data]

Andrews, Dyke, et al., 1984
Andrews, L.; Dyke, J.M.; Jonathan, N.; Keddar, N.; orris, A., The first bands in the photoelectron spectra of the CH₂Br, CD₂Br, CHBr₂, and CH₂I free radicals, J. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 1950. [all data]

Utsunomiya, Kobayashi, et al., 1980
Utsunomiya, C.; Kobayashi, T.; Nagakura, S., Photoelectron angular distribution measurements for some aliphatic alcohols, amines, halides, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1980, 53, 1216. [all data]

Uehara, Saito, et al., 1973
Uehara, Y.; Saito, N.; Yonezawa, T., Ionization potentials of trifluoromethyl and methyl halides by photoelectron spectroscopy and calculations by extended Hucket and CNDO/2 methods, Chem. Lett., 1973, 495. [all data]

Dixon, Murrell, et al., 1971
Dixon, R.N.; Murrell, J.N.; Narayan, B., The photoelectron spectra of the halomethanes, Mol. Phys., 1971, 20, 611. [all data]

Tsuda, Melton, et al., 1964
Tsuda, S.; Melton, C.E.; Hamill, W.H., Ionization- efficiency curves for molecular and fragment ions from methane and the methyl halides, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 41, 689. [all data]

Reed and Snedden, 1956
Reed, R.I.; Snedden, W., Studies in electron impact methods. Part 6.-The formation of the methine and carbon ions, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1956, 55, 876. [all data]

Tsuda and Hamill, 1964
Tsuda, S.; Hamill, W.H., Structure in ionization efficiency curves near threshold from alkanes and alkyl halides, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 41, 2713. [all data]

Martin, Lampe, et al., 1966
Martin, R.H.; Lampe, F.W.; Taft, R.W., An electron-impact study of ionization and dissociation in methoxy- and halogen- substituted methanes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, 88, 1353. [all data]

Traeger and McLoughlin, 1981
Traeger, J.C.; McLoughlin, R.G., Absolute heats of formation for gas phase cations, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 3647. [all data]

Williams and Hamill, 1968
Williams, J.M.; Hamill, W.H., Ionization potentials of molecules and free radicals and appearance potentials by electron impact in the mass spectrometer, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 49, 4467. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.