Pentane, 3-methyl-
- Formula: C6H14
- Molecular weight: 86.1754
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H14/c1-4-6(3)5-2/h6H,4-5H2,1-3H3
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: PFEOZHBOMNWTJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 96-14-0
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 3-Methylpentane; (C2H5)2CHCH3; UN 1208; UN 2462
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Data at other public NIST sites:
- Options:
Data at NIST subscription sites:
- NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
- NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°liquid | -202.0 ± 0.96 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Prosen and Rossini, 1945 | ALS |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔcH°liquid | -4159.9 ± 0.88 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Prosen and Rossini, 1945 | Corresponding ΔfHºliquid = -201.9 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| S°liquid | 292.5 | J/mol*K | N/A | Finke and Messerly, 1973 | Thermodynamic properties calculated from a Debye function at 10 K.; DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
| Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 191.16 | 298.15 | Ohnishi, Fujihara, et al., 1989 | DH |
| 190.99 | 298.15` | Benson and D'Arcy, 1986 | DH |
| 190.86 | 298.15 | Benson, D'Arcy, et al., 1984 | DH |
| 190.77 | 298.15 | Aicart, Kumaran, et al., 1983 | DH |
| 190.77 | 298.15 | Benson, D'Arcy, et al., 1983 | DH |
| 187.1 | 288.19 | Oguni, Watanabe, et al., 1982 | T = 80 to 370 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum. Heat capacity measured as a check of the calorimeter's performance.; DH |
| 186.8 | 298.95 | Czarnota, 1980 | DH |
| 190.67 | 298.15 | Finke and Messerly, 1973 | T = 10 to 330 K.; DH |
| 187.36 | 298.1 | Stull, 1937 | T = 90 to 320 K.; DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
| Cp,solid (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 190.83 | 298.15 | Douslin and Huffman, 1946 | T = 13 to 300 K.; DH |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
+
=
By formula: H2 + C6H12 = C6H14
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -124.6 ± 0.54 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987 | liquid phase |
| ΔrH° | -125.8 ± 2.6 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Molnar, Rachford, et al., 1984 | liquid phase; solvent: Dioxane |
| ΔrH° | -128.1 ± 1.8 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Molnar, Rachford, et al., 1984 | liquid phase; solvent: Hexane |
=
By formula: C6H14 = C6H14
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -3.2 ± 0.79 | kJ/mol | Ciso | Prosen and Rossini, 1941 | liquid phase; Calculated from ΔHc |
+
=
By formula: H2 + C6H12 = C6H14
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -110.6 ± 0.44 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987 | liquid phase |
+
=
By formula: H2 + C6H12 = C6H14
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -110.1 ± 0.56 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987 | liquid phase |
+
=
By formula: H2 + C6H12 = C6H14
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -115.8 ± 0.36 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987 | liquid phase |
2 +
=
By formula: 2H2 + C6H10 = C6H14
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -236. | kJ/mol | Chyd | Roth, Adamczak, et al., 1991 | liquid phase |
=
By formula: C6H14 = C6H14
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 0.92 ± 0.46 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Roganov, Kabo, et al., 1972 | gas phase; At 368 K |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
Ionization energy determinations
| IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10.04 | EST | Luo and Pacey, 1992 | LL |
| 9.82 | EQ | Lias, Ausloos, et al., 1976 | LLK |
| 10.08 | PI | Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962 | RDSH |
Appearance energy determinations
| Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C4H8+ | 10.58 ± 0.015 | C2H6 | PI | Steiner, Giese, et al., 1961 | RDSH |
| C4H9+ | 10.95 ± 0.07 | C2H5 | PI | Steiner, Giese, et al., 1961 | RDSH |
| C5H10+ | 10.70 ± 0.055 | CH4 | PI | Steiner, Giese, et al., 1961 | RDSH |
| C5H11+ | 10.86 ± 0.085 | CH3 | PI | Steiner, Giese, et al., 1961 | RDSH |
References
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D.,
Heats of combustion and formation of the paraffin hydrocarbons at 25° C,
J. Res. NBS, 1945, 263-267. [all data]
Finke and Messerly, 1973
Finke, H.L.; Messerly, J.F.,
3-Methylpentane and 3-methylheptane: low-temperature thermodynamic properties,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1973, 5, 247-257. [all data]
Ohnishi, Fujihara, et al., 1989
Ohnishi, K.; Fujihara, I.; Murakami, S.,
Thermodynamic properties of decalins mixed with hexane isomers at 298.15K. 1. Excess enthalpies and excess isobaric heat capacities,
Fluid Phase Equilib., 1989, 46, 59-72. [all data]
Benson and D'Arcy, 1986
Benson, G.C.; D'Arcy, P.J.,
Heat capacities of binary mixtures of n-octane with each of the hexane isomers at 298.15 K,
Can. J. Chem., 1986, 64, 2139-2141. [all data]
Benson, D'Arcy, et al., 1984
Benson, G.C.; D'Arcy, P.J.; Kumaran, M.K.,
Heat capacities of binary mixtures of n-heptane with hexane isomers,
Thermochim. Acta, 1984, 75, 353-360. [all data]
Aicart, Kumaran, et al., 1983
Aicart, E.; Kumaran, M.K.; Halpin, C.J.; Benson, G.C.,
Ultrasonic speeds and isentropic compressibilities of 2-methylpentan-1-ol with hexane isomers at 298.15 K,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1983, 15, 1189-1197. [all data]
Benson, D'Arcy, et al., 1983
Benson, G.C.; D'Arcy, P.J.; Sugamori, M.E.,
Heat capacities of binary mixtures of 1-hexanol with hexane isomers at 298.15 K,
Thermochim. Acta, 1983, 71, 161-166. [all data]
Oguni, Watanabe, et al., 1982
Oguni, M.; Watanabe, K.; Matsuo, T.; Suga, H.; Seki, S.,
Construction of an adiabatic calorimeter workable under constant high pressure,
Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1982, 55, 77-84. [all data]
Czarnota, 1980
Czarnota, I.,
Heat capacity of 3-methylpentane at high pressures, Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci.,
Ser. Sci. Chim., 1980, 28(9-10), 651-659. [all data]
Stull, 1937
Stull, D.R.,
A semi-micro calorimeter for measuring heat capacities at low temperatures,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726-2733. [all data]
Douslin and Huffman, 1946
Douslin, D.R.; Huffman, H.M.,
Low-temperature thermal data on the five isometric hexanes,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 1704-1708. [all data]
Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987
Rogers, D.W.; Crooks, E.; Dejroongruang, K.,
Enthalpies of hydrogenation of the hexenes,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 1209-1215. [all data]
Molnar, Rachford, et al., 1984
Molnar, A.; Rachford, R.; Smith, G.V.; Liu, R.,
Heats of hydrogenation by a simple and rapid flow calorimetric method,
Appl. Catal., 1984, 9, 219-223. [all data]
Prosen and Rossini, 1941
Prosen, E.J.R.; Rossini, F.D.,
Heats of isomerization of the five hexanes,
J. Res. NBS, 1941, 27, 289-310. [all data]
Roth, Adamczak, et al., 1991
Roth, W.R.; Adamczak, O.; Breuckmann, R.; Lennartz, H.-W.; Boese, R.,
Die Berechnung von Resonanzenergien; das MM2ERW-Kraftfeld,
Chem. Ber., 1991, 124, 2499-2521. [all data]
Roganov, Kabo, et al., 1972
Roganov, G.N.; Kabo, G.Ya.; Andreevskii, D.N.,
Thermodynamics of the isomerization of methylpentanes and methylheptanes,
Neftekhimiya, 1972, 12, 495-500. [all data]
Luo and Pacey, 1992
Luo, Y.-R.; Pacey, P.D.,
Effects of alkyl substitution on ionization energies of alkanes and haloalkanes and on heats of formation of their molecular cations. Part 2. Alkanes and chloro-, bromo- and iodoalkanes,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1992, 112, 63. [all data]
Lias, Ausloos, et al., 1976
Lias, S.G.; Ausloos, P.; Horvath, Z.,
Charge transfer reactions in alkane and cycloalkane systems. Estimated ionization potentials,
Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 1976, 8, 725. [all data]
Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J.,
Ionization potentials of some molecules,
J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]
Steiner, Giese, et al., 1961
Steiner, B.; Giese, C.F.; Inghram, M.G.,
Photoionization of alkanes. Dissociation of excited molecular ions,
J. Chem. Phys., 1961, 34, 189. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid Cp,solid Constant pressure heat capacity of solid S°liquid Entropy of liquid at standard conditions ΔcH°liquid Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions ΔfH°liquid Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.