hydrogen fluoride

• Formula: FH
• Molecular weight: 20.00634
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/FH/h1H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 7664-39-3
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Isotopologues:
  • [2H]hydrogen fluoride
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Constants of diatomic molecules
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  =

By formula: F^- + H⁺ = HF

 +  = ( • )

By formula: F^- + HF = (F^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + HF = (Cl^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Br^- + HF = (Br^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: I^- + HF = (I^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 + 2 =  + 4

By formula: CF₄ + 2H₂O = CO₂ + 4HF

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂ + C₃H₇F = C₃H₈ + HF

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂ + C₃H₇F = C₃H₈ + HF

 + 6 +  = 10 + 2 + 3 + 6

By formula: C₄H₄F₂N₆O₁₀ + 6O₂ + C₆H₁₀O₄ = 10CO₂ + 2HF + 3N₂ + 6H₂O

C₄F₉O^- +  = (C₄F₉O^- • )

By formula: C₄F₉O^- + HF = (C₄F₉O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

C₃HF₆O^- +  = (C₃HF₆O^- • )

By formula: C₃HF₆O^- + HF = (C₃HF₆O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

C₄H₃F₆O^- +  = (C₄H₃F₆O^- • )

By formula: C₄H₃F₆O^- + HF = (C₄H₃F₆O^- • HF)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

 +  =  + 2

By formula: CF₂O + H₂O = CO₂ + 2HF

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂HClF₄ + HF = C₂HF₅ + HCl

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂HClF₄ + HCl = C₂HCl₂F₃ + HF

(H₂F⁺ • ) +  = (H₂F⁺ • 2)

By formula: (H₂F⁺ • HF) + HF = (H₂F⁺ • 2HF)

 + 2 = 2 + 4

By formula: C₂F₄ + 2H₂ = 2C + 4HF

 +  = ( • )

By formula: HF⁺ + HF = (HF⁺ • HF)

 + 4 =  + 4

By formula: CF₄ + 4HF = CH₄ + 4F₂

H₂F⁺ +  = (H₂F⁺ • )

By formula: H₂F⁺ + HF = (H₂F⁺ • HF)

 +  =

By formula: C₂H₃F + HF = C₂H₄F₂

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

 +  =

By formula: F^- + H⁺ = HF

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Blondel, Delsart, et al., 2001
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Blondel, C.; Cacciani, P.; Delsart, C.; Trainham, R., High Resolution Determination of the Electron Affinity of Fluorine and Bromine using Crossed Ion and Laser Beams, Phys. Rev. A, 1989, 40, 7, 3698, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.40.3698 . [all data]

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Check, C.E.; Faust, T.O.; Bailey, J.M.; Wright, B.J.; Gilbert, T.M.; Sunderlin, L.S., Addition of Polarization and Diffuse Functions to the LANL2DZ Basis Set for P-Block Elements, J. Phys. Chem. A,, 2001, 105, 34, 8111, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp011945l . [all data]

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Wenthold, P.G.; Squires, R.R., Bond dissociation energies of F2(-) and HF2(-). A gas-phase experimental and G2 theoretical study, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 7, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100007a034 . [all data]

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Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Strong hydrogen bonding in gas-phase anions. An ion cyclotron resonance determination of fluoride binding energetics to bronsted acids from gas-phase fluoride exchange equilibria measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 2944. [all data]

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Heni, M.; Illenberger, E., The stability of the bifluoride ion (HF₂-) in the gas phase, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 83, 6056. [all data]

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Arshadi, M.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of Halide Negative Ions in the Gas Phase. II. Comparison of Hydration Energies for the Alkali Positive and Halide Negative Ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1475, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a014 . [all data]

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Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. An experimental investigation of the interaction between chloride ion and bronsted acids from ICR chloride exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 517. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2
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Larson and McMahon, 1984, 3
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase bihalide and pseudohalide ions. An ICR determination of hydrogen bond energies in XHY- species (X,Y = F, Cl, Br, CN), Inorg. Chem., 1984, 23, 2029. [all data]

Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989
Caldwell, G.W.; Masucci, J.A.; Ikonomou, M.G., Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry - Binding of Molecules to Bromide and Iodide Anions, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1989, 24, 1, 8, https://doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210240103 . [all data]

Good, Scott, et al., 1956
Good, W.D.; Scott, D.W.; Waddington, G., Combustion calorimetry of organic fluorine compounds by a rotating-bomb method, J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 1080-1089. [all data]

Scott, Good, et al., 1955
Scott, D.W.; Good, W.D.; Waddington, G., Heat of formation of tetrafluoromethane from combustion calorimetry of polytetrafluoroethylene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 245-246. [all data]

Lacher, Kianpour, et al., 1956
Lacher, J.R.; Kianpour, A.; Park, J.D., Reaction heats of organic halogen compounds. VI. The catalytic hydrogenation of some alkyl fluorides, J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 1454-1455. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Kolesov and Kozina, 1986
Kolesov, V.P.; Kozina, M.P., Thermochemistry of organic and organohalogen compounds, Russ. Chem. Rev., 1986, 55, 912. [all data]

Baroody and Carpenter, 1973
Baroody, E.E.; Carpenter, G.A., Enthalpies of formation of some fluorodinitroethyl derivatives and 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitroazobenzene, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1973, 18, 28-36. [all data]

Wartenberg, 1949
Wartenberg, H.V., Die bildungswarme einiger fluorid, Z. Anorg. Chem., 1949, 258, 354-360. [all data]

Coulson, 1993
Coulson, D.R., Kinetics of the fluorination/chlorination of 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, J. Catal., 1993, 142, 289-302. [all data]

Tiedemann, Anderson, et al., 1979
Tiedemann, P.W.; Anderson, S.L.; Ceyer, S.T.; Hirooka, T.; Ng, C.Y.; Mahan, B.H.; Lee, Y.T., Proton affinities of hydrogen halides determined by the molecular beam photoionization method, J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 71, 605. [all data]

Neugebauer and Margrave, 1956
Neugebauer, C.A.; Margrave, J.L., The heats of formation of tetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoromethane and 1,1-difluoroethylene, J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 1318-1321. [all data]

Jessup, McCoskey, et al., 1955
Jessup, R.S.; McCoskey, R.E.; Nelson, R.A., The heat of formation of tetrafluoromethane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 244-245. [all data]

Moore, 1971
Moore, L.O., Kinetics and thermodynamic data for the hydrogen fluoride addition to vinyl fluoride, Can. J. Chem., 1971, 49, 2471-2475. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

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Bieri, G.; Schmelzer, A.; Asbrink, L.; Jonsson, M., Fluorine and the fluoroderivatives of acetylene and diacetylene studied by 30.4 nm He(II) photoelectron spectroscopy, Chem. Phys., 1980, 49, 213. [all data]

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Foner, S.N.; Hudson, R.L., Mass spectrometry of excited state molecules: Observation of highly vibrationally excited HF by ionization potential measurement, J. Chem. Phys., 1978, 68, 2987. [all data]

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Ng, C.Y.; Trevor, D.J.; Tiedemann, P.W.; Ceyer, S.T.; Kronebusch, P.L.; Mahan, B.H.; Lee, Y.T., Photoionization of dimeric polyatomic molecules: proton affinities of H₂O and HF, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 67, 4235. [all data]

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Shaw and Thomas, 1975
Shaw, R.W., Jr.; Thomas, T.D., Auger electron spectrum and ionization potentials of the HF molecule, Phys. Rev. A:, 1975, 11, 1491. [all data]

Debies and Rabalais, 1975
Debies, T.P.; Rabalais, J.W., Calculated photoionization cross-sections and angular distributions for the isoelectronic series Ne, HF, H₂O, NH₃, and CH₄, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1975, 97, 487. [all data]

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Walker, T.E.H.; Dehmer, P.M.; Berkowitz, J., Rotational band shapes in photoelectron spectroscopy: HF DF, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 4292. [all data]

Berkowitz, 1971
Berkowitz, J., Experimental potential energy curves for X²{PI} and ²Σ⁺ states of HF⁺, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1971, 11, 21. [all data]

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Berkowitz, J.; Chupka, W.A.; Guyon, P.M.; Holloway, J.H.; Spohr, R., Photoionization mass spectrometric study of F₂, HF, and DF, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 5165. [all data]

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Brundle, C.R., Ionization and dissociation energies of HF and DF and their bearing on D(F₂), Chem. Phys. Lett., 1970, 7, 317. [all data]

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Dibeler, V.H.; Walker, J.A.; McCulloh, K.E., Photoionization study of the dissociation energy of fluorine and the heat of formation of hydrogen fluoride, J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 51, 4230. [all data]

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Berkowitz, J.; Wahl, A.C., The dissociation energy of fluorine, Adv. Fluorine Chem., 1973, 7, 147. [all data]

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Berkowitz, J.; Chupka, W.A.; Guyon, P.M.; Holloway, J.; Spohr, R., Photo-ionization studies of F₂, HF, DF, and the xenon fluorides, Advan. Mass Spectrom., 1971, 5, 112. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  T	Temperature
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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