Bibenzyl

• Formula: C₁₄H₁₄
• Molecular weight: 182.2610
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C14H14/c1-3-7-13(8-4-1)11-12-14-9-5-2-6-10-14/h1-10H,11-12H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 103-29-7
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Benzene, 1,1'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis-; s-Diphenylethane; Dibenzil; Dibenzyl; Ethane, 1,2-diphenyl-; 1,2-Diphenylethane; Benzene, (phenylethyl)-; 1,2-Diphenylethane(sym); 1,2-Diphenylethane, s; sym-Diphenylethane; Dihydrostilbene; NSC 30686
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of sublimation

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Enthalpy of phase transition

Entropy of phase transition

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Coleman and Pilcher, 1966
Coleman, D.J.; Pilcher, G., Heats of combustion of biphenyl, bibenzyl, naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1966, 62, 821-827. [all data]

Parks, West, et al., 1946
Parks, G.S.; West, T.J.; Naylor, B.F.; Fujii, P.S.; McClaine, L.A., Thermal data on organic compounds. XXIII. Modern combustion data for fourteen hydrocarbons and five polyhydroxy alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2524-2527. [all data]

Messerly, Finke, et al., 1988
Messerly, J.F.; Finke, H.L.; Good, W.D.; Gammon, B.E., Condensed-phase heat capacities and derived thermodynamic properties for 1,4-dimethylbenzene, 1,2-diphenylethane, and 2,3-dimethylnaphthalene, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 485. [all data]

Osborn and Scott, 1980
Osborn, A.G.; Scott, D.W., Vapor pressures of 17 miscellanenous organic compounds, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1980, 12, 429-438. [all data]

Morawetz, 1972
Morawetz, E., Enthalpies of vaporization for a number of aromatic compounds, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1972, 4, 455. [all data]

Morawetz, 1972, 2
Morawetz, Ernst, Enthalpies of vaporization for a number of aromatic compounds, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1972, 4, 3, 455-460, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(72)90029-8 . [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H., Uber sublimationswarmen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1938, 39, 194-208. [all data]

Lei, Chankalal, et al., 2002
Lei, Ying Duan; Chankalal, Raymond; Chan, Anita; Wania, Frank, Supercooled Liquid Vapor Pressures of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2002, 47, 4, 801-806, https://doi.org/10.1021/je0155148 . [all data]

Sasse, N'guimbi, et al., 1989
Sasse, K.; N'guimbi, J.; Jose, J.; Merlin, J.C., Tension de vapeur d'hydrocarbures polyaromatiques dans le domaine 10-3--10 Torr, Thermochimica Acta, 1989, 146, 53-61, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(89)87075-3 . [all data]

Messerly, Finke, et al., 1988, 2
Messerly, J.F.; Finke, H.L.; Good, W.D.; Gammon, B.E., Condensed-phase heat capacities and derived thermodynamic properties for 1,4-dimethylbenzene, 1,2-diphenylethane, and 2,3-dimethylnaphthalene, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1988, 20, 485-501. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Kratt, Beckhaus, et al., 1983
Kratt, G.; Beckhaus, H.D.; Bernioehr, W.; Ruechardt, C., Thermolabile hydrocarbons. XVII. Enthalpies of combustion and formation of ten sym-tetraalkyl-1,2-diarylethanes, Thermochim. Acta, 1983, 62, 279-294. [all data]

Aihara, 1959
Aihara, A., Estimation of the energy of hydrogen bonds formed in crystals. I. Sublimation pressures of some organic molecular crystals and the additivity of lattice energy, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1959, 32, 1242. [all data]

Aihara, 1959, 2
Aihara, Ariyuki, Estimation of the Energy of Hydrogen Bonds Formed in Crystals. I. Sublimation Pressures of Some Organic Molecular Crystals and the Additivity of Lattice Energy, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1959, 32, 11, 1242-1248, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.32.1242 . [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press Inc., London, 1970, 643. [all data]

Bloink, Pausacker, et al., 1951
Bloink, G.J.; Pausacker, K.H.; Jones, A.S.; Lee, W.A.; Peacocke, A.R.; Bright, Norman F.H.; Moffatt, J.S.; Wilkinson, J.H., Notes, J. Chem. Soc., 1951, 622, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9510000622 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Schmidt, 1941
Schmidt, W.R., Thesis Washington University (St. Louis), 1941. [all data]

Ferry and Thomas, 1933
Ferry, J.D.; Thomas, S.B., Some heat capacity data for durene, pentamethylbenzene, stilbene, and dibenzyl, J. Phys. Chem., 1933, 37, 253-255. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Pignataro, Mancini, et al., 1972
Pignataro, S.; Mancini, V.; Innorta, G.; Distefano, G., Ionization energies and ring orbital interaction in diarylmethanes and diaryleth, Z. Naturforsch., 1972, 27, 534. [all data]

McLafferty, Wachs, et al., 1970
McLafferty, F.W.; Wachs, T.; Lifshitz, C.; Innorta, G.; Irving, P., Substituent effects in unimolecular ion decompositions. XV. Mechanistic interpretations and the quasi-equilibrium theory, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1970, 92, 6867. [all data]

Pignataro, Mancini, et al., 1971
Pignataro, S.; Mancini, V.; Ridyard, J.N.A.; Lempka, H.J., Photoelectron energy spectra of molecules having classically non-conjugated π-systems, Chem. Commun., 1971, 142. [all data]

Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981
Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M., Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions, J. Chromatogr., 1981, 208, 1, 9-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)87953-4 . [all data]

Shlyakhov, Novikova, et al., 1979
Shlyakhov, A.F.; Novikova, N.V.; Koreshkova, R.I., Analysis of a petroleum fraction of bicycle aromatic hydrocarbons by gas capillary chromatography, Ind. Lab (Engl. Transl.), 1979, 45, 2, 126-130. [all data]

Shlyakhov, Anvaer, et al., 1975
Shlyakhov, A.F.; Anvaer, B.I.; Zolotareva, O.V.; Romina, N.N.; Novikova, N.V.; Koreshkova, R.I., On the possibility of group indentification of hydrocarbons by gas chromatography from temperature coefficients of retention indices, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1975, 30, 788-792. [all data]

Kríz, Popl, et al., 1974
Kríz, J.; Popl, M.; Mostecký, J., Retention indices of biphenyls and diphenylalkanes, J. Chromatogr., 1974, 97, 1, 3-13, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97577-6 . [all data]

Toda, Mihara, et al., 1983
Toda, H.; Mihara, S.; Umano, K.; Shibamoto, T., Photochemical studies on jasmin oil, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1983, 31, 3, 554-558, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00117a022 . [all data]

Song, Lai, et al., 2003
Song, C.; Lai, W.-C.; Madhusudan Reddy, K.; Wei, B., Chapter 7. Temperature-programmed retention indices for GC and GC-MS of hydrocarbon fuels and simulated distillation GC of heavy oils in Analytical advances for hydrocarbon research, Hsu,C.S., ed(s)., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003, 147-193. [all data]

Lai and Song, 1995
Lai, W.-C.; Song, C., Temperature-programmed retention indices for g.c. and g.c.-m.s. analysis of coal- and petroleum-derived liquid fuels, Fuel, 1995, 74, 10, 1436-1451, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(95)00108-H . [all data]

Rostad and Pereira, 1986
Rostad, C.E.; Pereira, W.E., Kovats and Lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1986, 9, 6, 328-334, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090603 . [all data]

Baltes and Mevissen, 1988
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Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2009
Radulovic, N.S.; Blagojevic, P.D.; Palic, R.M.; Zlatkovic, B.K.; Stevanovic, B.M., Volatiles from vegetative organs of the paleoendemic resurrection plants Ramonda serbica Panc. and Ramonda nathaliae Panc. at Petrov, J. Serb. Chem. Soc., 2009, 74, 1, 35-44, https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC0901035R . [all data]

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Elizalde-González, M.P.; Hutfliess, M.; Hedden, K., Retention index system, adsorption characteristics, and sructure correlations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fuels, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1996, 19, 6, 345-352, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240190608 . [all data]

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Peng, C.T., Gas chromatographic identification of aromatic hydrocarbons in Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry, Cook, G.T.; Harkness, D.D.; MacKenzie, A.B.; Miller, B.F.; Scott, E.M., ed(s)., 1996, 221-232. [all data]

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Zenkevich, I.G.; Chupalov, A.A., New Possibilities of Chromato Mass Pectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds Using Increments of Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices of Molecular Structural Fragments, Zh. Org. Khim. (Rus.), 1996, 32, 5, 656-666. [all data]

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Hathcock, S.; Bertsch, W., Analysis of volatiles associated with industrial scale processing of expanded polystyrene. Part II: Identification and quantitation, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1993, 16, 11, 651-659, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240161106 . [all data]

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Aracil, Font, et al., 2005
Aracil, I.; Font, R.; Conesa, J.A., Semivolatile and volatile compounds from the pyrolysis and combustion of polyvinyl chloride, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2005, 74, 1-2, 465-478, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2004.09.008 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔHtrs	Enthalpy of phase transition
  ΔStrs	Entropy of phase transition
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔsubH	Enthalpy of sublimation
  ΔsubH°	Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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