Ethene, chloro-
- Formula: C2H3Cl
- Molecular weight: 62.498
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C2H3Cl/c1-2-3/h2H,1H2
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 75-01-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Ethylene, chloro-; Chloroethene; Chloroethylene; Monochloroethylene; Vinyl chloride; Vinyl chloride monomer; Vinyl C monomer; C2H3Cl; Ethylene monochloride; Monochloroethene; Chlorethene; Chlorethylene; Chlorure de vinyle; Cloruro di vinile; Rcra waste number U043; Trovidur; UN 1086; VC; VCM; Vinylchlorid; Vinyle(chlorure de); Winylu chlorek
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Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
=
+
By formula: C2H4Cl2 = C2H3Cl + HCl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 50.6 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | Cm | Buravtsev, Grigor'ev, et al., 1992 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 82.0 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979 | liquid phase |
| ΔrH° | 68.2 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 67.95 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Ghosh and Guha, 1951 | liquid phase |
=
+
By formula: C2H4Cl2 = C2H3Cl + HCl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 74.5 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979 | liquid phase |
| ΔrH° | 61.9 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979 | gas phase |
2 +
=
+
By formula: 2H2 + C2H3Cl = C2H6 + HCl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -214.2 ± 0.8 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Lacher, Emery, et al., 1956 | gas phase; At 298 K, see Lacher, Kianpour, et al., 1956 |
=
+
By formula: C2H4BrCl = HBr + C2H3Cl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 83.3 ± 0.8 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Busheva, Levanova, et al., 1980 | gas phase; Dehydrohalogenation |
+
=
+
By formula: H2 + C2H3Cl = C2H4 + HCl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -76.94 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Lacher, Kianpour, et al., 1956 | gas phase; At 298 K |
=
By formula: C2H3Cl = C2H3Cl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -176. ± 15. | kJ/mol | Cm | LaVilla and Goodman, 1989 | gas phase; solvent: Heptane |
=
+
By formula: C2H3Cl = C2H2 + HCl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 100.7 ± 1.2 | kJ/mol | Cm | Lacher, Gottlieb, et al., 1962 | gas phase |
=
+
By formula: C2H3ClN2 = C2H3Cl + N2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -196. ± 14. | kJ/mol | Cm | Archer and Tyler, 1976 | gas phase |
+
=
By formula: C2H3Cl + HCl = C2H4Cl2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -92.68 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Treger, et al., 1976 | gas phase |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
View reactions leading to C2H3Cl+ (ion structure unspecified)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IE (evaluated) | 9.99 ± 0.02 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Ionization energy determinations
| IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9.98 ± 0.02 | PI | Sheng, Qi, et al., 1995 | LL |
| 9.99 ± 0.02 | PI | Reinke, Kraessig, et al., 1973 | LLK |
| 10.01 | PE | Mines and Thompson, 1973 | LLK |
| 10.00 | PE | Lake and Thompson, 1970 | RDSH |
| 10.00 ± 0.01 | PI | Sood and Watanabe, 1966 | RDSH |
| 10.00 ± 0.01 | S | Sood and Watanabe, 1966 | RDSH |
| 10.00 ± 0.02 | PI | Momigny, 1963 | RDSH |
| 10.0 ± 0.01 | PI | Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962 | RDSH |
| 9.995 | PI | Bralsford, Harris, et al., 1960 | RDSH |
| 10.00 ± 0.01 | S | Walsh, 1945 | RDSH |
| 10.2 | PE | Cambi, Ciullo, et al., 1983 | Vertical value; LBLHLM |
| 10.2 | PE | Von Niessen, Asbrink, et al., 1982 | Vertical value; LBLHLM |
| 10.15 | PE | Wittel and Bock, 1974 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
| Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C2H2+ | 12.5 ± 0.1 | HCl | PI | Reinke, Kraessig, et al., 1973 | LLK |
| C2H2+ | 13.8 ± 0.3 | HCl | EI | Hughes, Tiernan, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
| C2H2Cl+ | 14.90 ± 0.05 | H | PI | Sheng, Qi, et al., 1995 | LL |
| C2H3+ | 12.54 ± 0.02 | Cl | PI | Sheng, Qi, et al., 1995 | LL |
| C2H3+ | 12.48 ± 0.04 | Cl | PI | Reinke, Kraessig, et al., 1973 | LLK |
| C2H3+ | 12.56 ± 0.09 | Cl | EI | Finney and Harrison, 1972 | LLK |
| C2H3+ | 12.5 | Cl | EI | Lossing, 1971 | LLK |
| H+ | 18.63 ± 0.05 | C2H2Cl | PI | Sheng, Qi, et al., 1995 | LL |
References
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Buravtsev, Grigor'ev, et al., 1992
Buravtsev, N.N.; Grigor'ev, A.S.; Zaidman, O.A.; Kolbanovskii, Yu.A.; Markelov, M.YU.; Sadogurskii, M.N.; Treger, Yu.A.,
Dehydrochlorination of chloroalkanes under rigid homogeneous conditions. II. Effect of small additions of oxygen to the kinetics of high-temperature decomposition of 1,2-dichloroethane under adiabatic compression,
Khim. Fiz., 1992, 11, 218-226. [all data]
Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979
Levanova, s.V.; Bushneva, I.I.; Rodova, R.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.; Treger, Yu.A.; Aprelkin, A.S.,
Thermodynamic stability of chloroethanes in dehydrochlorination reactions,
J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 1979, 52, 1439-1442. [all data]
Ghosh and Guha, 1951
Ghosh, J.C.; Guha, S.R.D.,
Catalytic dehydrochlorination of ethylene dichloride,
Petroleum (London), 1951, 14, 261-264. [all data]
Lacher, Emery, et al., 1956
Lacher, J.R.; Emery, E.; Bohmfalk, E.; Park, J.D.,
Reaction heats of organic compounds. IV. A high temperature calorimeter and the hydrogenation of methyl ethyl and vinyl chlorides,
J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 492-495. [all data]
Lacher, Kianpour, et al., 1956
Lacher, J.R.; Kianpour, A.; Oetting, F.; Park, J.D.,
Reaction calorimetry. The hydrogenation of organic fluorides and chlorides,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1956, 52, 1500-1508. [all data]
Busheva, Levanova, et al., 1980
Busheva, L.I.; Levanova, S.V.; Rodova, R.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.,
Thermocatalytic reactions of 1,1-bromochloroethane,
Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1980, 54, 1403-1404. [all data]
LaVilla and Goodman, 1989
LaVilla, J.A.; Goodman, J.L.,
The 1,2-hydrogen-shift rearrangement in alkylchlorocarbenes,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 6877-6878. [all data]
Lacher, Gottlieb, et al., 1962
Lacher, J.R.; Gottlieb, H.B.; Park, J.D.,
Reaction heats of organic compounds. Part 2.-Heat of addition of hydrogen chloride to acetylene,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1962, 58, 2348-2351. [all data]
Archer and Tyler, 1976
Archer, W.H.; Tyler, B.J.,
Self-heating in the decomposition of 3-methyl-3-chlorodiazirine: Determination of reaction exothermicity and correction of Arrhenius parameters,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1976, 72, 1448-1455. [all data]
Levanova, Treger, et al., 1976
Levanova, S.V.; Treger, Yu.A.; Velichko, S.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.,
Equilibria in the reactions of vinyl chloride,
Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1976, 50, 1148. [all data]
Sheng, Qi, et al., 1995
Sheng, L.; Qi, F.; Tao, L.; Zhang, Y.; Yu, S.; Wong, C.-K.; Li, W.-K.,
Experimental and theoretical studies of the photoionization and dissociative photoionization of vinyl chloride,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1995, 148, 179. [all data]
Reinke, Kraessig, et al., 1973
Reinke, D.; Kraessig, R.; Baumgartel, H.,
Photoreactions of small organic molecules,
Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1973, 28, 1021. [all data]
Mines and Thompson, 1973
Mines, G.W.; Thompson, H.W.,
Photoelectron spectra of vinyl and allyl halides,
Spectrochim. Acta Part A, 1973, 29, 1377. [all data]
Lake and Thompson, 1970
Lake, R.F.; Thompson, H.,
Photoelectron spectra of halogenated ethylenes,
Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1970, A315, 323. [all data]
Sood and Watanabe, 1966
Sood, S.P.; Watanabe, K.,
Absorption and ionization coefficients of vinyl chloride,
J. Chem. Phys., 1966, 45, 2913. [all data]
Momigny, 1963
Momigny, J.,
Ionization potentials and the structures of the photo-ionization yield curves of ethylene and its halogeno derivatives,
Nature, 1963, 199, 1179. [all data]
Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J.,
Ionization potentials of some molecules,
J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]
Bralsford, Harris, et al., 1960
Bralsford, R.; Harris, P.V.; Price, W.C.,
The effect of fluorine on the electronic spectra and ionization potentials of molecules,
Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1960, A258, 459. [all data]
Walsh, 1945
Walsh, A.D.,
The absorption spectra of the chloro ethylenes in the vacuum ultra-violet,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1945, 41, 35. [all data]
Cambi, Ciullo, et al., 1983
Cambi, R.; Ciullo, G.; Sgamellotti, A.; Tarantelli, F.; Fantoni, R.; Giardini-Guidoni, A.; McCarthy, I.E.; di Martino, V.,
An (e,2e) spectroscopic investigation and a Green's Function Study of the ionization of chloro- and bromoethylene,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1983, 101, 477. [all data]
Von Niessen, Asbrink, et al., 1982
Von Niessen, W.; Asbrink, L.; Bieri, G.,
30.4 nm He(II) Photoelectron spectra of organic molecules. Part VI. Halogeno-compounds (C,H,X: X = Cl, Br, I),
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1982, 26, 173. [all data]
Wittel and Bock, 1974
Wittel, K.; Bock, H.,
Photoelektronenspekten und molekuleigenschaften. XXVII. Chlor- und bromathylene- beispiele fur anderungen in π- und σ-Systemen,
Chem. Ber., 1974, 107, 317. [all data]
Hughes, Tiernan, et al., 1969
Hughes, B.M.; Tiernan, T.O.; Futrell, J.H.,
Ionic reactions in unsaturated compounds. IV. Vinyl chloride,
J. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 829. [all data]
Finney and Harrison, 1972
Finney, C.D.; Harrison, A.G.,
A third-derivative method for determining electron-impact onset potentials,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 9, 221. [all data]
Lossing, 1971
Lossing, F.P.,
Free radicals by mass spectrometry. XLIII. Ionization potentials and ionic heats of formation for vinyl, allyl, and benzyl radicals,
Can. J. Chem., 1971, 49, 357. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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