Phenol, 2-chloro-

• Formula: C₆H₅ClO
• Molecular weight: 128.556
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H5ClO/c7-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8/h1-4,8H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 95-57-8
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Phenol, o-chloro-; o-Chlorophenol; 2-Chlorophenol; 2-Hydroxychlorobenzene; o-Chlorphenol; Rcra waste number U048; 1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene; NSC 2870; o-Chlorophenic acid
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• Information on this page:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Henry's Law data
  • Ion clustering data
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  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Br^- + C₆H₅ClO = (Br^- • C₆H₅ClO)

Free energy of reaction

C₆H₄ClO^- +  =

By formula: C₆H₄ClO^- + H⁺ = C₆H₅ClO

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C₆H₅ClO⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₆H₄ClO^- +  =

By formula: C₆H₄ClO^- + H⁺ = C₆H₅ClO

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• SOLUTION (10% IN CCl4 FOR 4000-1350 CM^-1, 10% IN CS2 FOR 1350-600 CM^-1); BECKMAN IR-7 (GRATING); DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

• gas

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Bramley, 1916
Bramley, A., The study of binary mixtures. Part IV. Heats of reaction and specific heats, J. Chem. Soc. (London), 1916, 109, 496-515. [all data]

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Fort, R.J.; Moore, W.R., Adiabatic compressibilities of binary liquid mixtures, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 2102. [all data]

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Lecat, M., Orthobaric Azeotropes of Sulfides, Bull. Cl. Sci., Acad. R. Belg., 1947, 33, 160-82. [all data]

Bramley, 1916, 2
Bramley, A., XXXVI.--The Study of Binary Mixtures. Part II. The Densities and Viscosities of Mixtures Containing Substituted Phenols., J. Chem. Soc., 1916, 109, 434. [all data]

Poeti, Faneli, et al., 1982
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Verevkin, Emel'yanenko, et al., 2007
Verevkin, Sergey P.; Emel'yanenko, Vladimir N.; Klamt, Andreas, Thermochemistry of Chlorobenzenes and Chlorophenols: Ambient Temperature Vapor Pressures and Enthalpies of Phase Transitions, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2007, 52, 2, 499-510, https://doi.org/10.1021/je060429r . [all data]

Gabaldon, Marzal, et al., 1995
Gabaldon, Carmen; Marzal, Paula; Monton, Juan B., Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of the 1-Butanol + o-Chlorophenol System. Effects of Association in the Vapor Phase, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 1, 190-193, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00017a039 . [all data]

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Poeti, Fanelli, et al., 1982
Poeti, G.; Fanelli, E.; Braghetti, M., A differential scanning calorimetric study of some phenol derivatives, J. Therm. Anal., 1982, 24(2), 273-279. [all data]

Acree, 1991
Acree, William E., Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds: enthalpy of fusion and melting point temperature compilation, Thermochimica Acta, 1991, 189, 1, 37-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)87098-H . [all data]

Paul and Kebarle, 1990
Paul, G.J.C.; Kebarle, P., Stabilities in the Gas Phase of the Hydrogen Bonded Complexes, YC6H4OH-X-, of Substituted Phenols, YC6H4OH, with the Halide Anions X-(Cl-, Br-), Can. J. Chem., 1990, 68, 11, 2070, https://doi.org/10.1139/v90-316 . [all data]

Kebarle and McMahon, 1977
Kebarle, P.; McMahon, T.B., Intrinsic Acidities of Substituted Phenols and Benzoic Acids Determined by Gas Phase Proton Transfer Equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 7, 2222, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00449a032 . [all data]

Crable and Kearns, 1962
Crable, G.F.; Kearns, G.L., Effect of substituent groups on the ionization potentials of benzenes, J. Phys. Chem., 1962, 66, 436. [all data]

Perkampus, 1966
Perkampus, H.-H., UV atlas of organic compounds, 1966, 2, D9/28. [all data]

Evans and Haken, 1989
Evans, M.B.; Haken, J.K., Dispersion and selectivity indices in gas chromatography. IV. Chlorinated aromatic compounds, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 468, 373-382, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96332-5 . [all data]

Shakirov, Tsypysheva, et al., 1988
Shakirov, L.G.; Tsypysheva, L.G.; Suleimamova, R.A.; Naimushin, A.I.; Tsypyshev, O.Yu., Gas chromatographic determination of the products of the synthesis of chlorine-substituted salicylic acids, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 143-146. [all data]

Korhonen, 1984
Korhonen, I.O.O., Gas-liquid chromatographic analyses. XXXI. Retention increments of isomeric chlorophenols on low-polarity (SE-30) and polar (FFAP) capillary columns, J. Chromatogr., 1984, 315, 185-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)90736-8 . [all data]

Radecki, Grzybowski, et al., 1979
Radecki, A.; Grzybowski, J.; Lamparczyk, H.; Nasal, A., Relationships between retention indices and substituent constants of phenols on polar stationary phases, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1979, 2, 9, 581-582, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240020911 . [all data]

Sun and Stremple, 2003
Sun, G.; Stremple, P., Retention index characterization of flavor, fragrance, and many other compounds on DB-1 and DB-XLB, 2003, retrieved from http://www.chem.agilent.com/cag/cabu/pdf/b-0279.pdf. [all data]

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Gautzsch, R.; Zinn, P., Use of incremental models to estimate the retention indexes of aromatic compounds, Chromatographia, 1996, 43, 3/4, 163-176, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02292946 . [all data]

Gerbino and Castello, 1995
Gerbino, T.C.; Castello, G., Prediction of programmed temperature retention indices on capillary columns of different polarities, J. Chromatogr. A, 1995, 699, 1-2, 161-171, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)00024-H . [all data]

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Rostad, C.E.; Pereira, W.E., Kovats and Lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1986, 9, 6, 328-334, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090603 . [all data]

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Yasuhara, A.; Shiraishi, H.; Nishikawa, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Uehiro, T.; Nakasugi, O.; Okumura, T.; Kenmotsu, K.; Fukui, H.; Nagase, M.; Ono, Y.; Kawagoshi, Y.; Baba, K.; Noma, Y., Determination of organic components in leachates from hazardous waste disposal sites in Japan by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 774, 1-2, 321-332, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00078-2 . [all data]

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Zenkevich, I.G.; Moeder, M.; Koeller, G.; Schrader, S., Using new structurally related additive schemes in the precalculation of gas chromatographic retention indices of polychlorinated hydroxybiphenyls on HP-5 stationary phase, J. Chromatogr. A, 2004, 1025, 2, 227-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2003.10.106 . [all data]

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Yu, H.; Zazhi, J., Relationship between chromatogram retention index and toxicity of chlorinated phenols and chlorinated benzenes to Guppy, J. Enviropn. Health (Chinese), 2005, 22, 6, 441-444. [all data]

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Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technical_series₁997-01-01₁.pdf. [all data]

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Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  T	Temperature
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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