Butanoic acid, methyl ester

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-2900.kJ/molCcbSchjanberg, 1935Corresponding Δfliquid = -497.1 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
198.16298.15Pintos, Bravo, et al., 1988DH
200.8298.15Fuchs, 1979DH

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil375. ± 4.KAVGN/AAverage of 22 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc554.5KN/AYoung, 1910Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tc554.5KN/AYoung and Thomas, 1893Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tc551.2KN/AHeilbron, 1891Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC
Tc544.7KN/ADe Heen, 1888Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 8. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc34.73barN/AYoung, 1910Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.8106 bar; TRC
Pc34.704barN/AYoung and Thomas, 1893Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.40 bar; TRC
Pc36.50barN/AHeilbron, 1891Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2.0265 bar; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc2.939mol/lN/AYoung, 1910Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.098 mol/l; TRC
ρc2.940mol/lN/AYoung and Thomas, 1893Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.04 mol/l; TRC
ρc2.85mol/lN/AHeilbron, 1891Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.098 mol/l; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap40. ± 1.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 11 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
33.79375.9N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
36.9350.N/Avan Genderen, van Miltenburg, et al., 2002AC
41.1 ± 0.2284.N/Avan Genderen, van Miltenburg, et al., 2002AC
38.4332.N/ASwiatek and Malanowski, 2002Based on data from 317. to 360. K.; AC
36.4364.N/AOrtega, Susial, et al., 1990Based on data from 349. to 384. K.; AC
34.2390.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 375. to 545. K.; AC
42.8261.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 246. to 375. K. See also Stull, 1947.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
375.5 to 545.4.720861758.314-2.421Stull, 1947Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
246.4 to 375.54.584991528.058-41.606Stull, 1947Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Trimethyl orthobutyrate + Water = Butanoic acid, methyl ester + 2Methyl Alcohol

By formula: C7H16O3 + H2O = C5H10O2 + 2CH4O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-26.24 ± 0.059kJ/molCmWiberg, Martin, et al., 1985liquid phase; solvent: Aqueous dioxane
Δr-26.42 ± 0.059kJ/molCmWiberg, 1980liquid phase; solvent: Water; Hydrolysis

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)836.4kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity805.4kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
10.07 ± 0.03PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH
10.15PEBenoit and Harrison, 1977Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C3H6O2+10.18C2H4EIHolmes and Lossing, 1980LLK
C3H6O2+10.17 ± 0.05?EIHolmes and Lossing, 1979LLK
C3H6O2+11.0 ± 0.2C2H4EIHowe, Williams, et al., 1969RDSH
C4H7O+11.2 ± 0.2CH3OEIHowe, Williams, et al., 1969RDSH

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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IR spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Standard Reference Data Program
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Sadtler Research Labs Under US-EPA Contract
State gas

This IR spectrum is from the NIST/EPA Gas-Phase Infrared Database .


Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1333.705.6Hu, Lu, et al., 2006 
CapillarySE-54110.719.9Grigor'eva, Vasil'ev, et al., 198915. m/0.28 mm/2.5 μm, Ar
CapillarySE-54130.719.1Grigor'eva, Vasil'ev, et al., 198915. m/0.28 mm/2.5 μm, Ar
CapillarySE-54150.718.9Grigor'eva, Vasil'ev, et al., 198915. m/0.28 mm/2.5 μm, Ar
CapillaryApiezon L + KF70.697.Svetlova, Samusenko, et al., 198630. m/0.25 mm/0.06 μm
CapillarySE-30100.723.Haken and Korhonen, 1985N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
CapillarySE-30120.706.Haken and Korhonen, 1985N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
CapillarySE-3080.710.Haken and Korhonen, 1985N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.710.Haken and Korhonen, 1984N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.709.Haken and Korhonen, 1984N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-10180.717.Haken and Korhonen, 1984N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-10180.706.Komárek, Hornová, et al., 1983Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
PackedSE-3070.711.Heintz, Druilhe, et al., 1977N2, Chromosorb W AW (0.20-0.25 mm); Column length: 3. m
PackedSE-30150.702.Ashes and Haken, 1974Celaton (62-72 mesh); Column length: 3.7 m
PackedSE-30100.715.Chastrette, Heintz, et al., 1974N2, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedOV-1150.714.Ashes and Haken, 1971 
PackedSE-30100.704.Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m
PackedSE-30150.714.Germaine and Haken, 1969Celite 560; Column length: 3.7 m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-1705.Takeoka, Buttery, et al., 199260. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-1708.Takeoka, Buttery, et al., 199260. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-1705.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 199060. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-1708.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 199060. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryBP-1705.Bartley and Schwede, 1989He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101710.Morales and Duque, 1987He, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 200. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySE-30702.Chretien and Dubois, 1978Program: not specified

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M100.982.Chastrette, Heintz, et al., 1974Chromosorb WAW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedCarbowax 20M100.997.Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryBP-201008.Wyllie and Leach, 199070. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M980.Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 19892. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryBP-20975.MacLeod and Pieris, 1983H2, 65. C @ 3. min, 12. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M990.Buttery, Seifert, et al., 1982He, 1. K/min; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.64 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 170. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5710.Wu, Zorn, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-5710.Wu, Zorn, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-5717.Bylaite and Meyer, 200630. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, 50. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min
CapillaryHP-5727.Mahattanatawee, Goodner, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-5MS724.Pino, Mesa, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS724.Hierro, de la Hoz, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillarySPB-5723.Píno, Marbot, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS740.Bruna, Hierro, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB690.Pino, Almora, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB723.Elmore, Campo, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB730.Oruna-Concha, Ames, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB696.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200250. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-5724.Isidorov, Zenkevich, et al., 2001He, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillarySPB-1707.Larráyoz, Addis, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/4. μm, He, 45. C @ 13. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB696.Pino and Marbot, 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB696.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-5719.Moio, Piombino, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-5720.Moio, Piombino, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-5719.Moio and Addeo, 199830. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-5720.Moio and Addeo, 199830. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryOV-101709.5Golovnya, Syomina, et al., 199750. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min; Tstart: 140. C
CapillarySE-30707.2Grigor'eva, Golovnya, et al., 199725. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 8. K/min; Tstart: 140. C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone708.Píry, Príbela, et al., 199525. m/0.2 mm/0.3 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1720.Wu, Kuo, et al., 199150. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 40. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryVF-5MS720.6Tret'yakov, 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: Multi-step temperature program; T(initial)=60C; T(final)=270C
CapillaryDB-5728.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-5735.Boscaini, van Ruth, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(4min) => 2C/min => 90C => 4C/min => 130C 8C/min => 250C
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB731.Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
CapillaryDB-5717.Beaulieu and Grimm, 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C (1min) => 5C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 250C (9min)
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB737.Duckham, Dodson, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
CapillaryHP-5724.Isidorov, Krajewska, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C => 6C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 280C
CapillaryDB-1704.Peng, 200015. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 8C/min => 200(1min) => 5C/min => 300C(25min)
CapillaryBPX-5720.Bauchot, Mottram, et al., 199850. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, He; Program: 0 0C (8 min) -> (1 min) -> 50 0C (2 min) 2.5 0C/min -> 100 0C 6 0C/min -> 250 0C
PackedSE-30711.Peng, Ding, et al., 1988Supelcoport; Chromosorb; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 200C or 250C (60min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryZB-Wax992.Wu, Zorn, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax981.Wu, Zorn, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillarySupelcowax-10993.Arena, Guarrera, et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 70. C @ 7. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB980.Kourkoutas, Elmore, et al., 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-Wax Etr998.Ménager, Jost, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax976.Varming, Andersen, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 25. min
CapillaryDB-Wax989.Varming, Petersen, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 25. min
CapillaryAT-Wax953.Pino, Almora, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-Wax993.Rega, Fournier, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min
CapillaryAT-Wax955.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200260. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillaryAT-Wax958.Pino and Marbot, 200160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillaryAT-Wax955.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-Wax979.Peng, 200015. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-Wax993.Peng, 200015. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax985.Shimoda, Wu, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M980.Píry, Príbela, et al., 199550. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 170. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax969.Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 199560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-Wax969.Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995, 260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-Wax978.Sumitani, Suekane, et al., 1994He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax984.Umano, Hagi, et al., 1992He, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M961.Suárez and Duque, 19912. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M967.Suárez and Duque, 19912. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M977.Chen, Kuo, et al., 1982He, 50. C @ 10. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 160. C
PackedCarbowax 20M971.van den Dool and Kratz, 1963Celite 545, 4.6 K/min; Tstart: 75. C; Tend: 228. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelcowax-10982.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillarySupelcowax-10987.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 10C/min => 120C => 15C/min => 200C (1min)
CapillaryStabilwax989.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryStabilwax995.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryStabilwax973.Klesk and Qian, 200330. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryHP-Innowax1001.Iversen, Jakobsen, et al., 199860. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 32C(1.5min) => 3C/min => 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 200C (10min)
CapillarySupelcowax-10965.Cadwallader and Xu, 199460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => (6C/min) => 80C(6min) => (15C/min) => 200C(10min)
CapillaryFFAP971.Yasuhara, 198750. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 20C (5min) => 2C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 210C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-101120.716.Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
CapillaryOV-101160.706.Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
PackedSE-3070.716.Yabumoto, Jennings, et al., 1977 
PackedApieson L120.676.Kurdina, Markovich, et al., 1969not specified, not specified

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5 MS721.Majcher, Lawrowski, et al., 201025. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryHP-5 MS728.Pino, Marquez, et al., 201030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillarySE-54723.Laselan, Buettner, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 0. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1705.Kumazawa, Itobe, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-1698.Chen, Sheu, et al., 2006Nitrogen, 40. C @ 1. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 9. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryHP-5724.Isidorov, Purzynska, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryHP-5723.0Leffingwell and Alford, 200560. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
CapillaryHP-5710.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5710.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5710.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5714.Azodanlou, Darbellay, et al., 200325. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillarySPB-5722.Ledauphin, Guichard, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5724.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
CapillaryRSL-200706.Ngassoum, Jirovetz, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-5722.Rouseff, Jella, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 6. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 275. C
CapillaryUltra-1712.Iwaoka, Zhang, et al., 199350. m/0.31 mm/0.17 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-1705.Peppard, 199230. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryDB-1705.Peppard, 199230. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryDB-1703.Shiota, 199160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-1706.Shiota, 199160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-101705.Anker, Jurs, et al., 19902. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1705.Takeoka and Butter, 1989He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-1709.Takeoka and Butter, 1989He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-1710.Habu, Flath, et al., 19853. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillarySE-30706.Dirinck, de Pooter, et al., 1981N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.6 mm; Tstart: 20. C; Tend: 220. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySiloxane, 5 % Ph745.VOC BinBase, 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5712.Miyazaki, Plotto, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/1.00 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C 4 0C/min -> 230 0C 100 0C/min -> 260 0C (11.7 min)
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane, 5 % phenyl745.Skogerson, Wohlgemuth, et al., 2011Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5 MS729.Pino, Marquez, et al., 201030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5722.Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 200960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (2 min) 2 0Cmin -> 60 0C 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 20 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (10 min)
CapillaryHP-5725.Qiao, Xie, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 3 0C/min -> 160 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 220 0C (3 min)
CapillaryHP-5724.Qiao, Xie, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone702.Chen and Feng, 2007Program: not specified
CapillarySE-54723.Lasekan, Buettner, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillarySE-30702.Liu, Liang, et al., 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5717.Beaulieu, 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C => 5C/min => 100C => 15C/min => 250C (19C)
CapillarySE-30705.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1725.Alves and Franco, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C(10min) => 2C/min => 110C => 5C/min => 200C(10min)
CapillarySPB-5715.Begnaud, Pérès, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5723.Jordán, Margaría, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(6min) => 2.5C/min => 150C => 90C/min => 250C
CapillaryHP-5723.Jordán, Goodner, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5726.Jordán, Goodner, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5723.Jordán, Margaría, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C (6min) => 2.5C/min => 150C => 90C/min => 250C
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB720.Duckham, Dodson, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-1705.Teai, Claude-Lafontaine, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, N2; Program: 40C => 2C/min => 130C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone706.Estrada and Gutierrez, 1999Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1704.Yen and Lin, 199960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 40 - 80 0C at 2 0C/min 80 - 200 0C at 5 0C/min 200 0C (10 min)
CapillarySPB-1706.Flanagan, Streete, et al., 199760. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C
CapillarySPB-1706.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
CapillarySPB-1723.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1702.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 198830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryDB-1704.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 198830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryOV-101705.Morales and Duque, 1987He; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1723.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedPEG100.1000.Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990Phasesep W (10 %)
PackedPEG100.1026.Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990Phasesep W (10 %)
PackedCarbowax 20M100.983.Yabumoto, Jennings, et al., 1977 

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-FFAP981.Laselan, Buettner, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 0. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax971.Kumazawa, Itobe, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillarySupelcowax-10943.Chin, Nazimah, et al., 200710. m/0.1 mm/0.1 μm, He, 40. C @ 1.5 min, 50. K/min, 240. C @ 2. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M986.Kafkas and Paydas, 200725. m/0.25 mm/0.40 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 260. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB982.Povolo, Contarini, et al., 200760. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryZB-Wax981.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax992.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax992.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryPEG-20M989.Narain, Almeida, et al., 200450. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1000.Alves and Franco, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 50. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax983.Hayata, Sakamoto, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
CapillaryTC-Wax983.Suhardi, Suzuki, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax993.Paniandy, Chane-Ming, et al., 200060. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryHP-Innowax945.Ulrich, Hoberg, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 1.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 180. C
CapillarySupelcowax-10985.Girard and Lau, 199590. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 20. min, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M975.Anker, Jurs, et al., 19902. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C
CapillaryDB-Wax982.Takeoka and Butter, 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax984.Takeoka and Butter, 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1004.Miyazaki, Plotto, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C 4 0C/min -> 230 0C 100 0C/min -> 260 0C (11.7 min)
CapillaryFFAP955.Ortiz, Echeverra, et al., 200950. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium; Program: 70 0C (1 min) 3 0C/min -> 142 0C 5 0C/min -> 225 0C (10 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax994.Valappil, Fan, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C 7 0C/min -> 110 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP981.Lasekan, Buettner, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 50C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax983.Mattheis, Fan, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(5min) => 2C/min => 50C => 5C/min => 200C (5min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M975.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryPEG-20M974.Garruti, Franco, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(8min) => 4C/min => 110C => 16C/min => 200C
CapillaryDB-Wax975.Miranda, Nogueira, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 25 0C (0.5 min) 50 K/min -> 50 0C 3.5 K/min -> 150 0C 7.5 K/min -> 240 0C
CapillaryDB-Wax975.Paniandy, Chane-Ming, et al., 200060. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1000.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.985.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M980.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Schjanberg, 1935
Schjanberg, E., Die Verbrennungswarmen und die Refraktionsdaten einiger chlorsubstituierter Fettsauren und Ester., Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. A, 1935, 172, 197-233. [all data]

Pintos, Bravo, et al., 1988
Pintos, M.; Bravo, R.; Baluja, M.C.; Paz Andrade, M.I.; Roux-Desgranges, G.; Grolier, J.-P.E., Can. J. Chem., 1988, 1179. [all data]

Fuchs, 1979
Fuchs, R., Heat capacities of some liquid aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic esters at 298.15 K, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1979, 11, 959-961. [all data]

Young, 1910
Young, S., The Internal Heat of Vaporization constants of thirty pure substances, Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc., 1910, 12, 374. [all data]

Young and Thomas, 1893
Young, S.; Thomas, G.L., The vapour pressures, molecular volumes, and critical constants of ten of the lower esters, J. Chem. Soc., 1893, 63, 1191. [all data]

Heilbron, 1891
Heilbron, E., Summary of the Critical Data Up To Now on Liquids., Z. Phys. Chem., Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl., 1891, 1, 601-13. [all data]

De Heen, 1888
De Heen, P., Research on Physics and Theory of Liquids, Experimental Part Paris, 1888. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

van Genderen, van Miltenburg, et al., 2002
van Genderen, Aad C.G.; van Miltenburg, J. Cees; Blok, Jacobus G.; van Bommel, Mark J.; van Ekeren, Paul J.; van den Berg, Gerrit J.K.; Oonk, Harry A.J., Liquid--vapour equilibria of the methyl esters of alkanoic acids: vapour pressures as a function of temperature and standard thermodynamic function changes, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2002, 202, 1, 109-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3812(02)00097-3 . [all data]

Swiatek and Malanowski, 2002
Swiatek, Barbara E.; Malanowski, Stanislaw K., Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium in m -Xylene + Cyclohexanol at 19.99 and 94.93 kPa, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2002, 47, 3, 478-481, https://doi.org/10.1021/je010246z . [all data]

Ortega, Susial, et al., 1990
Ortega, Juan; Susial, Pedro; De Alfonso, Casiano, Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium of methyl butanoate with ethanol and 1-propanol binary systems, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1990, 35, 2, 216-219, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00060a037 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
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Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

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Wiberg, K.B.; Martin, E.J.; Squires, R.R., Thermochemical studies of carbonyl compounds. 3. Enthalpies of hydrolysis of ortho esters, J. Org. Chem., 1985, 50, 4717-4720. [all data]

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Holmes and Lossing, 1980
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Holmes and Lossing, 1979
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Howe, Williams, et al., 1969
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Hu, Lu, et al., 2006
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Svetlova, Samusenko, et al., 1986
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Haken and Korhonen, 1985
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Bartley, J.P.; Schwede, A.M., Production of volatile componds in ripening kiwi fruit (Actinidia chinensis), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 4, 1023-1025, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00088a046 . [all data]

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Nishimura, O.; Yamaguchi, K.; Mihara, S.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile Constituents of Guava Fruits (Psidium guajava L.) and Canned Puree, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 1, 139-142, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00085a033 . [all data]

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Notes

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