Ethyl ether
- Formula: C4H10O
- Molecular weight: 74.1216
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 60-29-7
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis-; Anaesthetic ether; Anesthesia ether; Anesthetic ether; Diethyl ether; Diethyl oxide; Ethoxyethane; Pronarcol; Solvent ether; 1,1'-Oxybisethane; (C2H5)2O; Aether; Diaethylaether; Dwuetylowy eter; Etere etilico; Ether ethylique; Ether, ethyl; Ethyl ether, tech.; Ethyl oxide; Oxyde d'ethyle; Rcra waste number U117; UN 1155; 3-Oxapentane; Ether; Ethyl ether anhydrous A.C.S.; Sulfuric ether; NSC 100036
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -252.7 ± 2.0 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Pihlaja and Heikkil, 1968 | Reanalyzed by Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986, Original value = -250.3 ± 1.8 kJ/mol; ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -252.2 ± 0.79 | kJ/mol | Cm | Pilcher, Skinner, et al., 1963 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -244. | kJ/mol | Ccb | Murrin and Goldhagen, 1957 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°gas | -2726.3 ± 1.8 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Pihlaja and Heikkil, 1968 | Corresponding ΔfHºgas = -276.9 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
ΔcH°gas | -2751.1 ± 0.75 | kJ/mol | Cm | Pilcher, Skinner, et al., 1963 | Corresponding ΔfHºgas = -252.1 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°gas | 342.2 | J/mol*K | N/A | Counsell J.F., 1971 | Other third-law entropy values at 298.15 K are 342.46 [ Cope C.S., 1959], 342.33 [ Stull D.R., 1969], and 342.60 J/mol*K [ Chao J., 1986].; GT |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
62.50 | 100. | Chao J., 1986 | p=1 bar.; GT |
84.80 | 150. | ||
99.70 | 200. | ||
114.30 | 273.15 | ||
119.46 ± 0.15 | 298.15 | ||
119.86 | 300. | ||
142.81 | 400. | ||
165.77 | 500. | ||
186.35 | 600. | ||
204.35 | 700. | ||
220.04 | 800. | ||
233.74 | 900. | ||
245.68 | 1000. | ||
256.08 | 1100. | ||
265.12 | 1200. | ||
272.97 | 1300. | ||
279.81 | 1400. | ||
285.76 | 1500. |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
121.94 | 309.98 | Counsell J.F., 1971 | Other experimental values of heat capacity [ Jennings W.H., 1934, Jatkar S.K.K., 1939, Valentin F.H.H., 1950] are believed to be less reliable (see [ Chao J., 1986]).; GT |
126.57 | 329.99 | ||
131.32 | 350.00 | ||
137.21 | 375.00 | ||
143.27 | 400.01 | ||
149.10 | 424.99 | ||
155.11 | 450.04 |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°liquid | -271.2 ± 1.9 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Murrin and Goldhagen, 1957 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°liquid | -2732.1 ± 1.9 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Murrin and Goldhagen, 1957 | Corresponding ΔfHºliquid = -271.1 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°liquid | 253.5 | J/mol*K | N/A | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971 | DH |
S°liquid | 252.7 | J/mol*K | N/A | Parks, Kelley, et al., 1929 | Extrapolation below 90 K, 58.6 J/mol*K. Revision of previous data.; DH |
S°liquid | 283.3 | J/mol*K | N/A | Parks and Huffman, 1926 | Extrapolation below 90 K, 88.70 J/mol*K.; DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
172.5 | 298.15 | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971 | T = 15 to 300 K.; DH |
171.88 | 293.15 | Mazur, 1939 | T = -112 to 20°C.; DH |
172.0 | 293. | Mazur, 1939, 2 | T = -110 to 20°C.; DH |
167.4 | 290. | Kurnakov and Voskresenskaya, 1936 | DH |
164.8 | 255.2 | Aoyama and Kanda, 1935 | T = 80 to 255 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
179.9 | 308. | Bennewitz and Wendroth, 1927 | T = 308 to 488 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum. Pressure 40 atmospheres.; DH |
170.7 | 290.0 | Parks and Huffman, 1926 | T = 76 to 290 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
179.1 | 286.6 | Keyes and Beattie, 1924 | T = 274, 286 K.; DH |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 307.7 ± 0.4 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 20 out of 21 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 154. ± 7. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 13 out of 14 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 156.92 | K | N/A | Wilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 149.86 | K | N/A | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971, 2 | Crystal phase 2 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 156.92 | K | N/A | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971, 2 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 156.8 | K | N/A | Parks and Huffman, 1926, 2 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 467. ± 2. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 29 out of 30 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 36. ± 1. | bar | AVG | N/A | Average of 16 out of 17 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Vc | 0.274 | l/mol | N/A | Kobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 l/mol; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ρc | 3.5 ± 0.4 | mol/l | AVG | N/A | Average of 10 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 27.1 ± 0.5 | kJ/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
26.52 | 307.6 | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
27.530 | 285.0 | N/A | Keyes and Beattie, 1924 | P = 101.325 kPa; DH |
28.1 | 301. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 286. to 329. K.; AC |
26.9 | 322. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 307. to 457. K.; AC |
27.5 | 320. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 305. to 360. K.; AC |
26.7 | 432. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 417. to 467. K.; AC |
29.5 | 265. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 250. to 329. K. See also Ambrose, Sprake, et al., 1972 and Ambrose, Ellender, et al., 1976.; AC |
27.247 ± 0.005 | 295.63 | V | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971, 3 | ALS |
28.4 | 278. | N/A | Taylor and Smith, 1922 | Based on data from 213. to 293. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH =
A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
ΔvapH =
Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure)
(kJ/mol)
Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)
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Temperature (K) | A (kJ/mol) | β | Tc (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
281. to 313. | 43.01 | 0.2786 | 466.7 | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 |
Entropy of vaporization
ΔvapS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
96.60 | 285.0 | Keyes and Beattie, 1924 | P; DH |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)
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Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
250.04 to 328.57 | 4.0220 | 1062.64 | -44.93 | Ambrose, Sprake, et al., 1972 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
350.14 to 466.73 | 4.46988 | 1354.913 | -5.537 | Ambrose, Sprake, et al., 1972 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
212.4 to 293.02 | 4.13377 | 1102.878 | -40.46 | Taylor and Smith, 1922 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
7.19 | 156.9 | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971, 3 | AC |
7.301 | 156.8 | Parks and Huffman, 1926 | DH |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
46.6 | 156.8 | Parks and Huffman, 1926 | DH |
Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6.820 | 149.86 | crystaline, II | liquid | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971 | DH |
7.190 | 156.92 | crystaline, I | liquid | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971 | Metastable crystal.; DH |
Entropy of phase transition
ΔStrs (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
45.5 | 149.86 | crystaline, II | liquid | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971 | DH |
45.82 | 156.92 | crystaline, I | liquid | Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971 | Metastable; DH |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
B - John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: C4H11O+ + C4H10O = (C4H11O+ • C4H10O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 131. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Szulejko and McMahon, 1991 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 127. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 160. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Szulejko and McMahon, 1991 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 129. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 88.3 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
By formula: C5H11O+ + C4H10O = (C5H11O+ • C4H10O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 123. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 123. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 86.6 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
By formula: C6H15O+ + C4H10O = (C6H15O+ • C4H10O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 123. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 126. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 85.4 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
By formula: C6H15O+ + C4H10O = (C6H15O+ • C4H10O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 109. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 129. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 70.3 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
By formula: C3H9Si+ + C4H10O = (C3H9Si+ • C4H10O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 185. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 125. | J/mol*K | N/A | Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
127. | 468. | PHPMS | Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
By formula: C6H14N+ + C4H10O = (C6H14N+ • C4H10O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type NH+-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 92.0 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner, 1984 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 91.6 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1983 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 133. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner, 1984 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 133. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1983 | gas phase; M |
By formula: CH6N+ + C4H10O = (CH6N+ • C4H10O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type NH+-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 92.0 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner, 1984 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 92.0 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1983 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 105. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner, 1984 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 105. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1983 | gas phase; M |
By formula: C4H8O + H2 = C4H10O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -110.9 ± 0.59 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Allinger, Glaser, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS |
ΔrH° | -110.8 ± 0.3 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Dolliver, Gresham, et al., 1938 | gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -112. ± 3. kJ/mol; At 355°K; ALS |
By formula: Na+ + C4H10O = (Na+ • C4H10O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 130. ± 1. | kJ/mol | HPMS | Guo, Conklin, et al., 1989 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 118. | J/mol*K | HPMS | Guo, Conklin, et al., 1989 | gas phase; M |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
89.1 | 298. | IMRE | McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000 | Anchor alanine=39.89; RCD |
By formula: C5H6N+ + C4H10O = (C5H6N+ • C4H10O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type NH+-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 94.1 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1983 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 138. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1983 | gas phase; M |
By formula: NO- + C4H10O = (NO- • C4H10O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 173. | kJ/mol | ICR | Reents and Freiser, 1981 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M |
By formula: C4H6O + 2H2 = C4H10O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -237.4 ± 0.42 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Dolliver, Gresham, et al., 1938 | gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -239.5 ± 0.4 kJ/mol; At 355°K; ALS |
+
= C4H10ClO-
By formula: Cl- + C4H10O = C4H10ClO-
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 37.7 ± 1.7 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Bogdanov, Lee, et al., 2001 | gas phase; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 14. ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Bogdanov, Lee, et al., 2001 | gas phase; B |
By formula: (Na+ • 2C4H10O) + C4H10O = (Na+ • 3C4H10O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 69. ± 1. | kJ/mol | HPMS | Guo, Conklin, et al., 1989 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 123. | J/mol*K | HPMS | Guo, Conklin, et al., 1989 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (Na+ • C4H10O) + C4H10O = (Na+ • 2C4H10O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 96. ± 1. | kJ/mol | HPMS | Guo, Conklin, et al., 1989 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 117. | J/mol*K | HPMS | Guo, Conklin, et al., 1989 | gas phase; M |
By formula: K+ + C4H10O = (K+ • C4H10O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 93.3 | kJ/mol | HPMS | Davidson and Kebarle, 1976 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 103. | J/mol*K | HPMS | Davidson and Kebarle, 1976 | gas phase; M |
By formula: Mg+ + C4H10O = (Mg+ • C4H10O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 280. ± 20. | kJ/mol | ICR | Operti, Tews, et al., 1988 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(Mg+)CH3OH; M |
By formula: 2C2H6O = C4H10O + H2O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -24.0 ± 0.1 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Connett, 1972 | gas phase; ALS |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 9.51 ± 0.03 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 828.4 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 801. | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
9.52 ± 0.07 | EI | Bowen and Maccoll, 1984 | LBLHLM |
9.60 ± 0.01 | PI | Botter, Pechine, et al., 1977 | LLK |
9.41 | PE | Behan, Dean, et al., 1976 | LLK |
9.50 ± 0.01 | PE | Cocksey, Eland, et al., 1971 | LLK |
9.51 | PE | Dewar and Worley, 1969 | RDSH |
9.53 ± 0.02 | PI | Watanabe, 1957 | RDSH |
9.61 | PE | Ohno, Imai, et al., 1985 | Vertical value; LBLHLM |
9.66 | PE | Aue and Bowers, 1979 | Vertical value; LLK |
9.59 | PE | Benoit and Harrison, 1977 | Vertical value; LLK |
9.701 | PE | Aue, Webb, et al., 1975 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH3O+ | 12.28 ± 0.05 | C2H4+CH3 | EI | Selim and Helal, 1981 | LLK |
CH3O+ | 11.92 | ? | EI | Holmes, Rye, et al., 1979 | LLK |
CH3O+ | 12.1 | ? | EI | Harrison, Ivko, et al., 1966 | RDSH |
C2H5+ | 12.0 ± 0.1 | ? | EI | Williams and Hamill, 1968 | RDSH |
C2H5O+ | 11.85 | C2H5 | EI | Lossing, 1977 | LLK |
C2H5O+ | 11.83 | C2H5 | EI | Phillips, Russell, et al., 1975 | LLK |
C2H5O+ | 11.8 | C2H5 | EI | Harrison, Ivko, et al., 1966 | RDSH |
C3H5+ | 11.6 | ? | EI | Tsang and Harrison, 1970 | RDSH |
C3H7O+ | 10.26 ± 0.08 | CH3 | EI | Bowen and Maccoll, 1984 | LBLHLM |
C3H7O+ | 10.26 | CH3 | EI | Lossing, 1977 | LLK |
C3H7O+ | 10.3 | CH3 | EI | Harrison, Ivko, et al., 1966 | RDSH |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
- GAS (50 mmHg, N2 ADDED, TOTAL PRESSURE 600 mmHg); DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 2 cm-1 resolution
- SOLUTION (10% IN CCl4 FOR 3800-1300, 10% IN CS2 FOR 1300-620, 10% IN CCl4 FOR 620-250 CM-1) VERSUS SOLVENT; PERKIN-ELMER 521 (GRATING); DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm-1 resolution
- SOLUTION (10% IN CCl4 FOR 4000-1330 CM-1, 10% IN CS2 FOR 1330-600 CM-1); BECKMAN IR-7 (GRATING); DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm-1 resolution
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | OV-1 | 130. | 495. | Gurevich and Roshchina, 2003 | He or N2, Gas-Chrom Q |
Packed | SE-30 | 100. | 496. | Winskowski, 1983 | Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | Squalane | 50. | 478. | Becerra, Sánchez, et al., 1982 | N2, Chromosorb W-AM; Column length: 6. m |
Packed | Porapack Q | 200. | 486. | Goebel, 1982 | N2 |
Packed | Apiezon L | 120. | 473. | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Celite 545 |
Packed | Apiezon L | 160. | 471. | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Celite 545 |
Packed | Apiezon L | 70. | 476. | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | |
Packed | Apolane | 70. | 482.6 | Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976 | He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m |
Packed | Apiezon M | 130. | 476. | Golovnya and Garbuzov, 1974 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.1 m |
Packed | Squalane | 50. | 474. | Vernon, 1971 | N2 |
Packed | Silicon High Vacuum Grease (obsolete) | 90. | 480. | Jonas, Janák, et al., 1966 | H2 |
Packed | Apiezon L | 130. | 484. | Wehrli and Kováts, 1959 | Celite; Column length: 2.25 m |
Packed | Apiezon L | 70. | 476. | Wehrli and Kováts, 1959 | Celite; Column length: 2.25 m |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | Carbowax 20M | 75. | 630. | Goebel, 1982 | N2, Kieselgur (60-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 120. | 577. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 150. | 570. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 152. | 577. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 179. | 570. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 180. | 567. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 200. | 567. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | CBP-20 | 576. | Shimadzu, 2003 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 596. | Chen, Kuo, et al., 1982 | He, 50. C @ 10. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 160. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 500. | Shimadzu, 2003, 2 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He |
Packed | Synachrom | 150. | 493. | Dufka, Malinsky, et al., 1971 | Helium, Synachrom (60-80 mesh); Column length: 1.5 m |
Packed | Synachrom | 150. | 494. | Dufka, Malinsky, et al., 1971 | Helium, Synachrom (60-80 mesh); Column length: 1.5 m |
Packed | Squalane | 100. | 464. | Vernon, 1971 | N2 |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 510. | Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | OV-101 | 485. | Zenkevich, Eliseenkov, et al., 2011 | 25. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 485. | Savel'eva, Zenkevich, et al., 2003 | 25. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 270. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 504. | Habu, Flath, et al., 1985 | 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 250. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 509. | Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5 | 508. | Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 2009 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (2 min) 2 0Cmin -> 60 0C 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 20 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (10 min) |
Capillary | HP-5 | 504. | Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min) |
Capillary | DB-5 | 504. | Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 2 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min) |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 484. | N/A | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 499. | Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 485. | Zenkevich, 1997 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 485. | Zenkevich, Chupalov, et al., 1996 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 499. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 515. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-1 | 470. | Kawai, Ishida, et al., 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-1 | 477. | Kawai, Ishida, et al., 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 100. | 608. | Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 120. | 606. | Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 60. | 618. | Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 80. | 619. | Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 640. | Labropoulos, Palmer, et al., 1982 | Helium, 10. K/min; Column length: 31. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 590. | Vinogradov, 2004 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 616. | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Pihlaja and Heikkil, 1968
Pihlaja, K.; Heikkil, J.,
Heats of combustion. Diethyl ether and 1,1-diethoxyethane,
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Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986
Pedley, J.B.; Naylor, R.D.; Kirby, S.P.,
Thermochemical Data of Organic Compounds, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1986, 1-792. [all data]
Pilcher, Skinner, et al., 1963
Pilcher, G.; Skinner, H.A.; Pell, A.S.; Pope, A.E.,
Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry. Part 1.-Diethyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether and divinyl ether,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1963, 59, 316-330. [all data]
Murrin and Goldhagen, 1957
Murrin, J.W.; Goldhagen, S.,
Determination of the C-O bond energy from the heats of combustion of four aliphatic ethers,
NAVORD Report No. 5491, U.S. Naval Powder Factory Res. & Dev. Dept., 1957, 1-14. [all data]
Counsell J.F., 1971
Counsell J.F.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XXVI. Diethyl ether,
J. Chem. Soc. A, 1971, 313-316. [all data]
Cope C.S., 1959
Cope C.S.,
Equilibria in the hydration of ethylene at elevated pressures and temperatures,
A. I. Ch. E. Journal, 1959, 5, 10-16. [all data]
Stull D.R., 1969
Stull D.R., Jr.,
The Chemical Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds. Wiley, New York, 1969. [all data]
Chao J., 1986
Chao J.,
Thermodynamic properties of key organic oxygen compounds in the carbon range C1 to C4. Part 2. Ideal gas properties,
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Jennings W.H., 1934
Jennings W.H.,
Specific heat of furan and ethyl ether vapors,
J. Phys. Chem., 1934, 38, 747-751. [all data]
Jatkar S.K.K., 1939
Jatkar S.K.K.,
Supersonic velocity in gases and vapors. V. Heat capacity of vapors of acetone, benzene, cyclohexane, hexane and methyl, ethyl and propyl ethers,
J. Indian Inst. Sci., 1939, A22, 19-37. [all data]
Valentin F.H.H., 1950
Valentin F.H.H.,
Equilibrium and thermodynamic relation in the vapor-phase catalytic dehydration of ethyl alcohol to ethyl ether,
J. Chem. Soc., 1950, 498-500. [all data]
Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971
Counsell, J.F.; Lee, D.A.; Martin, J.F.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XXVI. Diethyl ether, 1971, J. [all data]
Parks, Kelley, et al., 1929
Parks, G.S.; Kelley, K.K.; Huffman, H.M.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. V. A revision of the entropies and free energies of nineteen organic compounds,
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Parks and Huffman, 1926
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. IV. The heat capacities, entropies and free energies of normal propyl alcohol, ethyl ether and dulcitol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 2788-2793. [all data]
Mazur, 1939
Mazur, J.,
Über die spezifische Wärme des Äthyläthers,
Acta Phys. Pol., 1939, 7, 318-326. [all data]
Mazur, 1939, 2
Mazur, J.,
Über die spezifische Wärme des Äthyläthers, des Nitrobenzols und des Schwefelkohlenstoffs,
Z. Physik., 1939, 113, 710-720. [all data]
Kurnakov and Voskresenskaya, 1936
Kurnakov, N.S.; Voskresenskaya, N.K.,
Calorimetry of liquid binary systems, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR,
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Aoyama and Kanda, 1935
Aoyama, S.; Kanda, E.,
Studies on the heat capacities at low temperature. Report I. Heat capacities of some organic substances at low temperature,
Sci. Rept. Tohoku Imp. Univ. [1]24, 1935, 107-115. [all data]
Bennewitz and Wendroth, 1927
Bennewitz, K.; Wendroth, H.,
Untersuchungen im kritischen Gebiet. II. Bestimmung der wahren spezifischen Wärme Cp des flüssigne Äthyläthers oberund unterhalb der kritischen Temperatur,
Z. Phys. Chem., 1927, 125, 111-134. [all data]
Keyes and Beattie, 1924
Keyes, F.G.; Beattie, J.A.,
A calorimeter for measuring specific heats and heats of vaporization of liquids. The specific heat and heat of vaporization of liquid ethyl ether at 0° and 12°,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1924, 46, 1753-1760. [all data]
Wilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985
Wilhoit, R.C.; Chao, J.; Hall, K.R.,
Thermodynamic Properties of Key Organic Compounds in the Carbon Range C1 to C4. Part 1. Properties of Condensed Phases,
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Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971, 2
Counsell, J.F.; Lee, D.A.; Martin, J.F.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds: xxvi diethyl ether,
J. Chem. Soc. A, 1971, 1971, 313-6. [all data]
Parks and Huffman, 1926, 2
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.,
Thermal data on organic compounds: IV the heat capacites, entropies, and free energies of normal propyl alcohol, ethyl ether, and dulcitol,
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Kobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956
Kobe, K.A.; Ravicz, A.E.; Vohra, S.P.,
Critical Properties and Vapor Pressures of Some Ethers and Heterocyclic Compounds,
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Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
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Ambrose, Sprake, et al., 1972
Ambrose, D.; Sprake, C.H.S.; Townsend, R.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds XXIX. The vapour pressure of diethyl ether,
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Ambrose, Ellender, et al., 1976
Ambrose, D.; Ellender, J.H.; Sprake, C.H.S.; Townsend, R.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds XLIII. Vapour pressures of some ethers,
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Counsell, Lee, et al., 1971, 3
Counsell, J.F.; Lee, D.A.; Martin, J.F.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XXVI. Diethyl ether,
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Taylor and Smith, 1922
Taylor, Robert S.; Smith, Leighton B.,
THE VAPOR PRESSURES, DENSITIES AND SOME DERIVED QUANTITIES FOR ETHER AT LOW TEMPERATURES,
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Szulejko and McMahon, 1991
Szulejko, J.E.; McMahon, T.B.,
A Pulsed Electron Beam, Variable Temperature, High Pressure Mass Spectrometric Reevaluation of the Proton Affinity Difference Between 2-Methylpropene and Ammonia,
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Larson and McMahon, 1982
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B.,
Formation, Thermochemistry, and Relative Stabilities of Proton - Bound dimers of Oxygen n - Donor Bases from Ion Cyclotron Resonance Solvent - Exchange Equilibria Measurements,
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Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973
Grimsrud, E.P.; Kebarle, P.,
Gas Phase Ion Equilibria Studies of the Solvation of the Hydrogen Ion by Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Water. Effect of Hydrogen Bonding,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 24, 7939, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00805a002
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Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984
Lias, S.G.; Liebman, J.F.; Levin, R.D.,
Evaluated gas phase basicities and proton affinities of molecules heats of formation of protonated molecules,
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Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Jr.,
Thermochemical data on Ggs-phase ion-molecule association and clustering reactions,
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Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986
Wojtyniak, A.C.M.; Stone, A.J.,
A High-Pressure Mass Spectrometric Study of the Bonding of Trimethylsilylium to Oxygen and Aromatic Bases,
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Meot-Ner, 1984
Meot-Ner, (Mautner)M.,
The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 1. -NH+ O-, -NH+ N- and -OH+ O- Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Deviations Due to Structural Effects,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 5, 1257, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00317a015
. [all data]
Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1983
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.,
The Ionic Hydrogen Bond. 3. Multiple and -CH+...O- Bonds. Complexes of Ammonium Ions with Polyethers and Crown Ethers,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 15, 4912, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00353a012
. [all data]
Allinger, Glaser, et al., 1981
Allinger, N.L.; Glaser, J.A.; Davis, H.E.,
Heats of hydrogenation of some vinyl ethers and related compounds,
J. Org. Chem., 1981, 46, 658-661. [all data]
Dolliver, Gresham, et al., 1938
Dolliver, M.A.; Gresham, T.L.; Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Smith, E.A.; Vaughan, W.E.,
Heats of organic reactions. VI. Heats of hydrogenation of some oxygen-containing compounds,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 440-450. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Guo, Conklin, et al., 1989
Guo, B.C.; Conklin, B.J.; Castleman, A.W.,
Thermochemical Properties of Ion Complexes Na+(M)n in the Gas Phase,
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McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000
McMahon, T.B.; Ohanessian, G.,
An Experimental and Ab Initio Study of the Nature of the Binding in Gas-Phase Complexes of Sodium Ions,
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Reents and Freiser, 1981
Reents, W.D.; Freiser, B.S.,
Gas-Phase Binding Energies and Spectroscopic Properties of NO+ Charge-Transfer Complexes,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 2791. [all data]
Farid and McMahon, 1978
Farid, R.; McMahon, T.B.,
Gas-Phase Ion-Molecule Reactions of Alkyl Nitrites by Ion Cyclotron Resonance Spectroscopy,
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Bogdanov, Lee, et al., 2001
Bogdanov, B.; Lee, H.J.S.; McMahon, T.B.,
Influence of fluorine substitution on the structures and thermochemistry of chloride ion-ether complexes in the gas phase,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2001, 210, 387-402, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-3806(01)00404-3
. [all data]
Davidson and Kebarle, 1976
Davidson, W.R.; Kebarle, P.,
Binding Energies and Stabilities of Potassium Ion Complexes from Studies of Gas Phase Ion Equilibria K+ + M = K+.M,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 20, 6133, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00436a011
. [all data]
Operti, Tews, et al., 1988
Operti, L.; Tews, E.C.; Freiser, B.S.,
Determination of Gas-Phase Ligand Binding Energies to Mg+ by FTMS Techniques,
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. [all data]
Connett, 1972
Connett, J.E.,
Chemical equilibria 4. Enthalpy of dehydration of ethanol to diethyl ether by measurement of equilibrium constants in ethanol + ether+ water by a vapour flow technique,
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Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Bowen and Maccoll, 1984
Bowen, R.D.; Maccoll, A.,
Low energy, low temperature mass spectra,
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1984, 19, 379. [all data]
Botter, Pechine, et al., 1977
Botter, R.; Pechine, J.M.; Rosenstock, H.M.,
Photoionization of dimethyl ether and diethyl ether,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1977, 25, 7. [all data]
Behan, Dean, et al., 1976
Behan, J.M.; Dean, F.M.; Johnstone, R.A.W.,
Photoelectron spectra of cyclic aromatic ethers. The question of the Mills-Nixon effect,
Tetrahedron, 1976, 32, 167. [all data]
Cocksey, Eland, et al., 1971
Cocksey, B.J.; Eland, J.H.D.; Danby, C.J.,
The effect of alkyl substitution on ionisation potential,
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Notes
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- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Cp,gas Constant pressure heat capacity of gas Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy Pc Critical pressure S°gas Entropy of gas at standard conditions S°liquid Entropy of liquid at standard conditions T Temperature Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature Vc Critical volume ΔHtrs Enthalpy of phase transition ΔStrs Entropy of phase transition ΔcH°gas Enthalpy of combustion of gas at standard conditions ΔcH°liquid Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°liquid Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions ΔvapS Entropy of vaporization ρc Critical density - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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