Ammonium Chloride

• Formula: ClH₄N
• Molecular weight: 53.491
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/ClH.H3N/h1H;1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 12125-02-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
• Species with the same structure:
  • Ammonium chloride
• Other names: (NH4)Cl; Ammonium chloride ((NH4)Cl); Amchlor; Ammoneric; Ammoniumchlorid; Ammonium muriate; Chlorid amonny; Darammon; SAL AMMONIA; SAL AMMONIAC; Salammonite; Salmiac; Ammonium chloride fume; Ammonium uriate; Katapone VV-328; Quaternary ammonium chloride
• Information on this page:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • IR Spectrum
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Solid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Enthalpy of sublimation

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: José A. Martinho Simões

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C₉H₂₇NSn₃ (cr) + ( • 55) (solution) + 3 (l) = ( • 55) (solution) + 3C₃H₁₀OSn (cr)

By formula: C₉H₂₇NSn₃ (cr) + (HCl • 55H₂O) (solution) + 3H₂O (l) = (H₄ClN • 55H₂O) (solution) + 3C₃H₁₀OSn (cr)

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
B - John E. Bartmess

Electron affinity determinations

Appearance energy determinations

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Timothy J. Johnson, Tanya L. Myers, Yin-Fong Su, Russell G. Tonkyn, Molly Rose K. Kelly-Gorham, and Tyler O. Danby

Condensed Phase Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Luft, 1955
Luft, N.W., Ind. Chemist, 1955, 31, 502. [all data]

Callanan and Smith, 1971
Callanan, Jane E.; Smith, Norman O., Sublimation pressures of solid solutions III. NH4Cl + NH4Br, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1971, 3, 4, 531-538, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9614(71)80036-8 . [all data]

Wagner and Neumann, 1961
Wagner, Horst; Neumann, Kurt, Der Dampfdruck des Ammoniumchlorids zwischen 35 und 90°C, Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, 1961, 28, 1₂, 51-70, https://doi.org/10.1524/zpch.1961.28.1₂.051 . [all data]

Baldwin, Lappert, et al., 1972
Baldwin, J.C.; Lappert, M.F.; Pedley, J.B.; Poland, J.S., J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1972, 1943.. [all data]

Eustis, Whiteside, et al., 2010
Eustis, S.N.; Whiteside, A.; Wang, D.; Gutowski, M.; Bowen, K.H., Ammonia-Hydrogen Bromide and Ammonia-Hydrogen Iodide Complexes: Anion Photoelectron and ab Initio Studies, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2010, 114, 3, 1357-1363, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp906238v . [all data]

Evlasheva, Potapov, et al., 1975
Evlasheva, T.I.; Potapov, V.K.; Tulupov, V.A., The structure of the ammonium chloride molecule, Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1975, 49, 738. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  EA	Electron affinity
  S°solid	Entropy of solid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°solid	Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔsubH	Enthalpy of sublimation
  ΔsubH°	Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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