Butane, 2,2,3,3-tetramethyl-

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-226.2kJ/molN/AGood, 1972Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of -269.1±1.2 kj/mol from Good, 1972 and ΔsubH° value of 42.9 kj/mol from Prosen and Rossini, 1945.; DRB
Δfgas-225.9 ± 1.9kJ/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas389.3 ± 1.3J/mol*KN/AScott D.W., 1952GT

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
129.87200.Scott D.W., 1974Recommended values were obtained from the consistent correlation scheme for alkanes [ Scott D.W., 1974, 2, Scott D.W., 1974]. This approach gives a good agreement with experimental data available for alkanes. However, large uncertainties could be expected at high temperatures.; GT
172.63273.15
187.2 ± 0.6298.15
188.28300.
244.01400.
293.76500.
337.23600.
375.30700.
409.20800.
438.90900.
465.261000.
488.691100.
509.611200.
527.181300.
543.921400.
560.661500.

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfsolid-269.1 ± 1.2kJ/molCcbGood, 1972ALS
Δfsolid-268.8 ± 1.9kJ/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcsolid-5451.5 ± 1.1kJ/molCcbGood, 1972Corresponding Δfsolid = -269.1 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δcsolid-5451.9 ± 1.8kJ/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945Corresponding Δfsolid = -268.7 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
solid,1 bar273.76J/mol*KN/AScott, Douslin, et al., 1952DH
solid,1 bar256.9J/mol*KN/AParks, Huffman, et al., 1930Extrapolation below 90 K, 64.68 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Cp,solid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
239.62301.60Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952T = 12 to 374 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
232.2295.4Parks, Huffman, et al., 1930T = 89 to 295 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil379.6 ± 0.5KAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus374. ± 3.KAVGN/AAverage of 20 out of 21 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple373.97KN/AScott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap42.94kJ/molN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Δvap42.91kJ/molCOsborne and Ginnings, 1947ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub43.37 ± 0.21kJ/molVScott, Douslin, et al., 1952ALS
Δsub43.4 ± 0.2kJ/molN/AScott, Douslin, et al., 1952Based on data from 273. to 338. K. See also Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; AC
Δsub42.9 ± 0.9kJ/molCOsborne and Ginnings, 1947, 2AC
Δsub42.9kJ/molN/AProsen and Rossini, 1945DRB

Reduced pressure boiling point

Tboil (K) Pressure (bar) Reference Comment
379.71.02Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
333.383.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 377. to 390. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
273. to 338.5.083351724.764-38.383Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 3Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
43.6301.N/AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 286. to 377. K.; AC
56.2263. to 279.A,MGLinder, 1930AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
7.54373.9Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
13.11152.5Domalski and Hearing, 1996CAL
20.16373.9

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
2.000152.5crystaline, IIcrystaline, IScott, Douslin, et al., 1952DH
7.540373.9crystaline, IliquidScott, Douslin, et al., 1952DH
2.008148.1crystaline, IIcrystaline, IParks, Huffman, et al., 1930DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔStrs (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
13.11152.5crystaline, IIcrystaline, IScott, Douslin, et al., 1952DH
20.17373.9crystaline, IliquidScott, Douslin, et al., 1952DH
13.56148.1crystaline, IIcrystaline, IParks, Huffman, et al., 1930DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Octane = Butane, 2,2,3,3-tetramethyl-

By formula: C8H18 = C8H18

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-18.8 ± 1.6kJ/molCisoProsen and Rossini, 1945, 2liquid phase; Calculated from ΔHc

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
0.00026 QN/A missing citation give several references for the Henry's law constants but don't assign them to specific species.

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.8eVN/AN/AL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.79ESTLuo and Pacey, 1992LL
9.8PESzepes, Koranyi, et al., 1981LLK
10.37PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981LLK
10.2 ± 0.05PESzepes, Koranyi, et al., 1981Vertical value; LLK

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
NIST MS number 1735

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Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-160.724.Engewald, Maurer, et al., 1989 
CapillarySqualane50.726.1Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillarySqualane70.730.2Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillaryDB-160.723.7Lubeck and Sutton, 1983Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm
CapillaryDB-160.723.9Lubeck and Sutton, 198360. m/0.259 mm/1. μm
PackedTriacontane80.731.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedSqualane80.773.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
CapillarySqualane100.736.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974H2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
PackedSF-96100.733.28Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
PackedSF-96110.736.21Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
PackedSF-96120.739.23Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
PackedSF-9680.727.21Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
PackedSF-9690.730.14Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)35.720.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)45.722.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)50.724.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)58.726.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)68.728.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
PackedSqualane25.720.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
PackedSqualane80.733.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
CapillarySqualane40.724.Matukuma, 1969N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane27.720.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane49.726.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane67.730.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane86.735.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane30.721.Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane50.726.Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.731.Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane40.723.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane55.728.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane70.731.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryApiezon L729.Louis, 1971N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-5720.Engel and Ratel, 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryPetrocol DH716.White, Hackett, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryUltra-1710.35Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-1712.98Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-1714.69Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-2712.25Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-2714.80Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-2716.46Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillarySqualane86.726.Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySE-54719.Guan, Li, et al., 199560. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryMethyl Silicone735.Chen and Feng, 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryMDN-5676.Jelen and Grabarkiewicz-Szczesna, 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-101729.Du and Liang, 2003Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Good, 1972
Good, W.D., The enthalpies of combustion and formation of n-octane and 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1972, 4, 709-714. [all data]

Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion and formation of the paraffin hydrocarbons at 25° C, J. Res. NBS, 1945, 263-267. [all data]

Scott D.W., 1952
Scott D.W., 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane: heat capacity, heats of transition, fusion and sublimation, vapor pressure, entropy and thermodynamic functions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 883-887. [all data]

Scott D.W., 1974
Scott D.W., Chemical Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrocarbons and Related Substances. Properties of the Alkane Hydrocarbons, C1 through C10 in the Ideal Gas State from 0 to 1500 K. U.S. Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 666, 1974. [all data]

Scott D.W., 1974, 2
Scott D.W., Correlation of the chemical thermodynamic properties of alkane hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 3144-3165. [all data]

Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Gross, M.E.; Oliver, G.D.; Huffman, H.M., 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane: Heat capacity, heats of transition, fusion and sublimation, vapor pressure, entropy and thermodynamic functions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 883-887. [all data]

Parks, Huffman, et al., 1930
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.; Thomas, S.B., Thermal data on organic compounds. VI. The heat capacities, entropies and free energies of some saturated, non-benzenoid hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1930, 52, 1032-1041. [all data]

Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Gross, M.E.; Oliver, G.D.; Huffman, H.M., 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane: Heat Caqpacity, Heats of Transition, Fusion and Sublimation, Vapor Pressure, Entropy and Thermodynamic Functions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 883. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Osborne and Ginnings, 1947
Osborne, N.S.; Ginnings, D.C., Measurements of heat of vaporization and heat capacity of a number of hydrocarbons, J. Res. NBS, 1947, 39, 453-477. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press Inc., London, 1970, 643. [all data]

Osborne and Ginnings, 1947, 2
Osborne, Nathan S.; Ginnings, Defoe C., Measurements of heat of vaporization and heat capacity of a number of hydrocarbons, J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN., 1947, 39, 5, 453-17, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.039.031 . [all data]

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 3
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Gross, M.E.; Oliver, G.D.; Huffman, H.M., 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane: Heat Capacity, Heats of Transition, Fusion and Sublimation, Vapor Pressure, Entropy and Thermodynamic Functions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 4, 883-886, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01124a007 . [all data]

Linder, 1930
Linder, E.G., Vapor Pressures of Some Hydrocarbons, J. Phys. Chem., 1930, 35, 2, 531-535, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150320a010 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Prosen and Rossini, 1945, 2
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of isomerization of the 18 octanes, J. Res. NBS, 1945, 34, 163-174. [all data]

Luo and Pacey, 1992
Luo, Y.-R.; Pacey, P.D., Effects of alkyl substitution on ionization energies of alkanes and haloalkanes and on heats of formation of their molecular cations. Part 2. Alkanes and chloro-, bromo- and iodoalkanes, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1992, 112, 63. [all data]

Szepes, Koranyi, et al., 1981
Szepes, L.; Koranyi, T.; Naray-Szabo, G.; Modelli, A.; Distefano, G., Ultraviolet photoelectron spectra of group IV hexamethyl derivatives containing a metal-metal bond, J. Organomet. Chem., 1981, 217, 35. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Engewald, Maurer, et al., 1989
Engewald, W.; Maurer, T.; Schiefke, A., Investigation of isomeric hydrocarbons by gas-solid chromatography on graphitized thermal carbon black, Pure Appl. Chem., 1989, 61, 11, 2001-2004, https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961112001 . [all data]

Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
Lunskii, M.Kh.; Paizanskaya, I.L., Identification of hydrocarbons C1-C9 of petrol fractions of oils and condensates in the use of capillary columns with dinonylphthalate, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 127-135. [all data]

Lubeck and Sutton, 1983
Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL., Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 6, 328-332, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240060612 . [all data]

Castello and D'Amato, 1979
Castello, G.; D'Amato, G., Use of Linear and Branched-Chain Paraffinic Liquid Phases as Non-Polar Reference Materials in Gas Chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1979, 175, 1, 27-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86400-6 . [all data]

Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974
Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Gas chromatographic analysis of complex hydrocarbon mixtures, J. Chromatogr. A, 1974, 91, 633-648, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97944-0 . [all data]

Castello, Berg, et al., 1973
Castello, G.; Berg, M.; Lunardelli, M., Temperature dependence of the retention indices of branched-chain paraffins on non-polar stationary phases. A method for its calculation on the basis of molecular structure, J. Chromatogr., 1973, 79, 23-31, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)85270-5 . [all data]

Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Sidorov, R.I.; Petrova, V.I.; Ivanova, M.P., Qualitative analysis of wide-boiling fraction C5-C10 with capillary chromatography in Processes in chromatographic columns. Vol.17, 1972, 14-25. [all data]

Mitra and Saha, 1970
Mitra, G.D.; Saha, N.C., Determination of Retention Indices of Saturated Hydrocarbons by Graphical Methods, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1970, 8, 2, 95-102, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/8.2.95 . [all data]

Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A., Retention indices of alkanes through C10 and alkenes through C8 and relation between boiling points and retention data, Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]

Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203 . [all data]

Tourres, 1967
Tourres, D.A., Structure moléculaire et rétention en chromatographie en phase gazeuse. Influence de la température sur l'indice de rétention d'alcanes isomères, J. Chromatogr., 1967, 30, 357-377, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)84168-0 . [all data]

Evans, 1966
Evans, M.B., Retention indices of solutes on squalane, dinonyl phthalate, and polyethylene glycol 400, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1966, 4, 1, 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/4.1.1 . [all data]

Louis, 1971
Louis, R., Kovats-index-tafeln zur gaschromatographischen analyse von kohlenwasserstoffgemischen, Erdoel Kohle Erdgas Petrochem., 1971, 24, 2, 88-94. [all data]

Engel and Ratel, 2007
Engel, E.; Ratel, J., Correction of the data generated by mass spectrometry analyses of biological tissues: Application to food authentication, J. Chromatogr. A, 2007, 1154, 1-2, 331-341, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.012 . [all data]

White, Hackett, et al., 1992
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Notes

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