europium

• Formula: Eu
• Molecular weight: 151.964
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/Eu Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 7440-53-1
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • References
  • Notes
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Lines Holdings (on physics web site)
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Levels Holdings (on physics web site)
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Ground states and ionization energies (on physics web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to Eu⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Balducci, Gigli, et al., 1985
Balducci, G.; Gigli, G.; Guido, M., Mass spectrometric study of the thermochemistry of gaseous EuTiO₃ and TiO₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 83, 1909. [all data]

Balducci, Gigli, et al., 1983
Balducci, G.; Gigli, G.; Guido, M., Thermodynamic study of gaseous ternary oxide molecules. The europium-vanadium-oxygen system, J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 79, 5623. [all data]

Balducci, Gigli, et al., 1981
Balducci, G.; Gigli, G.; Guido, M., Dissociation energies of the molecules CrPO₂(g) and CoO(g) by high-temperature mass spectrometry, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1981, 77, 1107. [all data]

Worden, Solarz, et al., 1978
Worden, E.F.; Solarz, R.W.; Paisner, J.A.; Conway, J.G., First ionization potentials of lanthanides by laser spectroscopy, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1978, 68, 52. [all data]

Martin, Zalubas, et al., 1978
Martin, W.C.; Zalubas, R.; Hagan, L., Atomic energy levels - the rare earth elements, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser. (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1978, 60. [all data]

Paisner, Solarz, et al., 1977
Paisner, J.A.; Solarz, R.W.; Worden, E.F.; Conway, J.G., IV. Highly excited states, ionization, and high intensity interactions Identification of Rydberg state in the atomic lanthanides and actinides, Springer Ser. Opt. Sci., 1977, 7, 160. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1977
Hildenbrand, D.L., Dissociation energy of samarium monoxide and its relation to that of europium monoxide, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1977, 48, 340. [all data]

Ackermann, Rauh, et al., 1976
Ackermann, R.J.; Rauh, E.G.; Thorn, R.J., The thermodynamics of ionization of gaseous oxides; the first ionization potentials of the lanthanide metals and monoxides, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 65, 1027. [all data]

Smith and Tomkins, 1975
Smith, G.; Tomkins, F.S., Autoionization resonances in the Eu I absorption spectrum and a new determination of the ionization potential, Proc. R. Soc. London A:, 1975, 342, 149. [all data]

Balducci, De Maria, et al., 1972
Balducci, G.; De Maria, G.; Guido, M., Mass spectrometric determination of the dissociation energy of EuC₂(g), J. Chem. Phys., 1972, 56, 1431. [all data]

Parr, 1971
Parr, A.C., Photoionization of europium and thulium: threshold to 1350 A, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 3161. [all data]

Hariharan and Eick, 1971
Hariharan, A.V.; Eick, H.A., Vaporization thermodynamics of europium(II) sulfide, High Temp. Sci., 1971, 3, 123. [all data]

Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E., Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]

Hertel, 1968
Hertel, G.R., Surface ionization. III. The first ionization potentials of the lanthanides, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 2053. [all data]

Zmbov and Margrave, 1966
Zmbov, K.F.; Margrave, J.L., The first ionization potentials of samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, and ytterbium by the electron-impact method, J. Phys. Chem., 1966, 70, 3014. [all data]

Reader and Sugar, 1966
Reader, J.; Sugar, J., Ionization energies of the neutral rare earths, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1966, 56, 1189. [all data]

Alekseev and Kaminskii, 1965
Alekseev, N.I.; Kaminskii, D.L., Ionization of some rare earth elements on the surfaces of tungsten, rhenium, and iridium, Zh. Tekhn. Fiz. 1964,34,1521 (Engl. Transl.: Soviet Phys. - Tech. Phys., 1965, 9, 1177). [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  IE (evaluated)

  Recommended ionization energy

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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