1,1'-Biphenyl, 2-methyl-
- Formula: C13H12
- Molecular weight: 168.2344
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: ALLIZEAXNXSFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 643-58-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Biphenyl, 2-methyl-; o-Methylbiphenyl; 2-Methyl-1,1'-biphenyl; 2-Methylbiphenyl; 2-Phenyltoluene; o-Phenyltoluene; 1-Methyl-2-phenylbenzene; 2-Methyldiphenyl
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 532. ± 7. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 12 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 272.95 | K | N/A | Goodman and Wise, 1951 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.15 K; TRC |
Tfus | 418. | K | N/A | Cook, Dickson, et al., 1950 | TRC |
Tfus | 272.95 | K | N/A | Goodman and Wise, 1950 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 66.3 ± 0.5 | kJ/mol | V | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995 | ALS |
ΔvapH° | 66.3 | kJ/mol | N/A | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995 | DRB |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proton affinity (review) | 815.9 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 783.4 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
8.10 ± 0.02 | PE | Maier and Turner, 1972 | LLK |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | Apiezon L | 170. | 1438. | Kríz, Popl, et al., 1974 | |
Packed | Apiezon L | 185. | 1449. | Kríz, Popl, et al., 1974 |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | SP-1000 | 185. | 2000. | Kríz, Popl, et al., 1974 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | SP-1000 | 200. | 1960. | Kríz, Popl, et al., 1974 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 1390.0 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1397.6 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1402.3 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1390. | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1397.6 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1402.3 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1404. | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | 30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | Polydimethyl siloxane | 183. | 1388. | Ferrand, 1962 |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 | 255.7 | Wang, Hou, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | HP-5 | 256. | Shao, Wang, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.3 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | HP-5 | 239.57 | Marynowski, Pieta, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | HP-5 | 239.57 | Marynowski, Pieta, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | HP-5 | 239.99 | Piao, Chu, et al., 1999 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 240.0 | Bundt, Herbel, et al., 1991 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 239.84 | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | 30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 238.55 | Tong, Centen, et al., 1985 | He, 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 90. C; Tend: 325. C |
Capillary | SE-52 | 255.41 | Vassilaros, Kong, et al., 1982 | 20. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 265. C |
Capillary | SE-52 | 238.77 | Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979 | 12. m/0.3 mm/0.34 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 263.9 | Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007 | Column length: 60. m; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 238.2 | Aracil, Font, et al., 2005 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-5 | 238.77 | Tong, Centen, et al., 1985 | He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Goodman and Wise, 1951
Goodman, I.A.; Wise, P.H.,
Synthesis & purification of some alkylbiphenyls & alkylbicyclohexyls., Natl. Advis. Comm. Aeronaut., Tech. Note NACA TN 2260, Lewis Flight Propulsion Lab., Cleveland, Ohio, 1951. [all data]
Cook, Dickson, et al., 1950
Cook, J.W.; Dickson, G.T.; Jack, J.; Loudon, J.D.; McKeown, J.; MacMillan, J.; Williamson, W.F.,
Colchicine and Related Compounds,
J. Chem. Soc., 1950, 139. [all data]
Goodman and Wise, 1950
Goodman, I.A.; Wise, P.H.,
Dicycloic Hydrocarbons I. 2-Alkylbiphenyls,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1950, 72, 3076. [all data]
Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D.; Smith, N.K.,
The standard enthalpies of formation of 2-methylbiphenyl and diphenylmethane,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1995, 27, 671-678. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Maier and Turner, 1972
Maier, J.P.; Turner, D.W.,
Steric inhibition of resonance studied by molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. Part I. Biphenyls,
Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 1972, 54, 149. [all data]
Kríz, Popl, et al., 1974
Kríz, J.; Popl, M.; Mostecký, J.,
Retention indices of biphenyls and diphenylalkanes,
J. Chromatogr., 1974, 97, 1, 3-13, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97577-6
. [all data]
Song, Lai, et al., 2003
Song, C.; Lai, W.-C.; Madhusudan Reddy, K.; Wei, B.,
Chapter 7. Temperature-programmed retention indices for GC and GC-MS of hydrocarbon fuels and simulated distillation GC of heavy oils
in Analytical advances for hydrocarbon research, Hsu,C.S., ed(s)., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003, 147-193. [all data]
Lai and Song, 1995
Lai, W.-C.; Song, C.,
Temperature-programmed retention indices for g.c. and g.c.-m.s. analysis of coal- and petroleum-derived liquid fuels,
Fuel, 1995, 74, 10, 1436-1451, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(95)00108-H
. [all data]
Rostad and Pereira, 1986
Rostad, C.E.; Pereira, W.E.,
Kovats and Lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1986, 9, 6, 328-334, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090603
. [all data]
Ferrand, 1962
Ferrand, R.,
Gas phase chromatography using retention indices for the analysis of tars and their hydrogenation products,
Journees internationales d'etude des methodes de separation immediate at de chromatographie; Org. sur l'initiative du IX., 1962, 132-140. [all data]
Wang, Hou, et al., 2007
Wang, G.; Hou, Z.; Sun, Y.; Liu, Y.; Xie, B.; Liu, S.,
Investigation of pyrolysis behavior of fenoxycarb using PY-GC-MS assisted with chemometric methods,
Chem. Anal., 2007, 52, 141-156. [all data]
Shao, Wang, et al., 2006
Shao, X.; Wang, G.; Sun, Y.; Zhang, R.; Xie, K.; Liu, H.,
Determination and Characterization of the Pyrolysis Products of Isoprocarb by GC-MS,
J. Chromatogr. Sci., 2006, 44, 3, 141-147, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/44.3.141
. [all data]
Marynowski, Pieta, et al., 2004
Marynowski, L.; Pieta, M.; Janeczek, J.,
Composition and source of polycyclic aromatic compounds in deposited dust from selected sites around the Upper Silesia, Poland,
Geol. Q., 2004, 48, 2, 169-180. [all data]
Piao, Chu, et al., 1999
Piao, M.; Chu, S.; Zheng, M.; Xu, X.,
Characterization of the combustion products of polyethylene,
Chemosphere, 1999, 39, 9, 1497-1512, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00054-5
. [all data]
Bundt, Herbel, et al., 1991
Bundt, J.; Herbel, W.; Steinhart, H.; Franke, S.; Francke, W.,
Structure-type separation of diesel fuels by solid phase extraction and identification of the two- and three-ring aromatics by capillary GC-mass spectrometry,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1991, 14, 2, 91-98, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240140205
. [all data]
Tong, Centen, et al., 1985
Tong, H.Y.; Centen, J.D.; Karasek, F.W.; Jellum, E.; Helland, P.,
Identification of Trace Organic Compounds in Dimethyl Sulphoxide Solution Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,
J. Chromatogr., 1985, 324, 373-383, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)81336-4
. [all data]
Vassilaros, Kong, et al., 1982
Vassilaros, D.L.; Kong, R.C.; Later, D.W.; Lee, M.L.,
Linear retention index system for polycyclic aromatic compounds. Critical evaluation and additional indices,
J. Chromatogr., 1982, 252, 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)88394-1
. [all data]
Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979
Lee, M.L.; Vassilaros, D.L.; White, C.M.; Novotny, M.,
Retention Indices for Programmed-Temperature Capillary-Column Gas Chromatography of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
Anal. Chem., 1979, 51, 6, 768-773, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50042a043
. [all data]
Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007
Fuentes, M.J.; Font, R.; Gomez-Rico, M.F.; Martin-Gullon, I.,
Pyrolysis and combustion of waste lubricant oil from diesel cars: Decomposition and pollutants,
J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2007, 79, 1-2, 215-226, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2006.12.004
. [all data]
Aracil, Font, et al., 2005
Aracil, I.; Font, R.; Conesa, J.A.,
Semivolatile and volatile compounds from the pyrolysis and combustion of polyvinyl chloride,
J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2005, 74, 1-2, 465-478, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2004.09.008
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tboil Boiling point Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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