1,4-Dioxane

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.


Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil374.3 ± 0.8KAVGN/AAverage of 20 out of 21 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus285. ± 1.KAVGN/AAverage of 17 out of 18 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple284.1KN/AJacobs and Parks, 1934Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc587.3KN/ACristou, Young, et al., 1991Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tc588.15KN/AGlaser and Ruland, 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Tc588.KN/AKobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Tc585.15KN/AHojendahl, 1946Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc54.7155barN/AGlaser and Ruland, 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3.0398 bar; TRC
Pc52.10barN/AKobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.6894 bar; TRC
Pc50.00barN/AHojendahl, 1946Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.70 bar; by extrapolation of vapor pressure to critical temperature; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.239l/molN/ACristou, Young, et al., 1991Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.008 l/mol; TRC
Vc0.239l/molN/AKobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.004 l/mol; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc4.09mol/lN/AHojendahl, 1946Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.11 mol/l; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap38. ± 4.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
34.16374.5N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
38.300.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 285. to 375. K.; AC
36.5350.N/ACastellari, Comelli, et al., 1984Based on data from 329. to 372. K.; AC
37.3308.N/AVinson and Martin, 1963Based on data from 293. to 398. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC
35.8273.VGallaugher and Hibbert, 1937ALS
37.318.N/AHovorka, Schaefer, et al., 1936Based on data from 283. to 353. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
293. to 378.4.581351570.093-31.297Crenshaw, Cope, et al., 1938Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
35.6255.AStull, 1947Based on data from 237. to 272. K.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
12.84284.1Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
11.880283.2Roth and Meyer, 1933DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
41.9283.2Roth and Meyer, 1933DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
8.79272.9Domalski and Hearing, 1996CAL
45.19284.1

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
2.351272.9crystaline, IIcrystaline, IJacobs and Parks, 1934, 2DH
12.845284.1crystaline, IliquidJacobs and Parks, 1934, 2DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔStrs (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
8.6272.9crystaline, IIcrystaline, IJacobs and Parks, 1934, 2DH
45.2284.1crystaline, IliquidJacobs and Parks, 1934, 2DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C4H8O2+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.19 ± 0.01eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)797.4kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity770.0kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.19 ± 0.01PIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982LBLHLM
9.13 ± 0.03PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH
9.4PEBieri, Asbrink, et al., 1982Vertical value; LBLHLM
9.43PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981Vertical value; LLK
9.41PEKobayashi and Nagakura, 1973Vertical value; LLK
9.3 ± 0.1SIGol'denfel'd, Korostyshevskii, et al., 1973Vertical value; LLK
9.43PESweigart and Turner, 1972Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
CHO+11.60 ± 0.10C3H7OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
CH2O+11.41 ± 0.05C3H6OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
CH3O+11.35 ± 0.10C3H5OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C2H3O+11.96 ± 0.10C2H5OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C2H3O+12.92?EICollin and Conde, 1966RDSH
C2H4+11.90 ± 0.102CH2O/C2H4O2PIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C2H4O+10.39 ± 0.05C2H4OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C2H4O+10.90?EICollin and Conde, 1966RDSH
C2H5O+10.46 ± 0.05C2H3OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C3H5O+11.20 ± 0.10CH3OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C3H6O+10.65CH2OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 0K; LBLHLM
C3H6O+10.56 ± 0.10CH2OPIPECOFraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C3H6O+11.CH2OEICollin and Conde, 1966RDSH
C4H7O2+10.95HEICollin and Conde, 1966RDSH

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedC78, Branched paraffin130.670.1Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000He; Column length: 3.3 m
PackedPorapack Q200.648.Gawdzik and Matynia, 1994H2; Column length: 1. m
PackedSE-30120.690.Kowalski, 1992He, Gas Chrom Q (100-120 mesh); Column length: 0.25 m
PackedC78, Branched paraffin130.669.7Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 3.3 m
PackedApolane130.671.Dutoit, 1991Column length: 3.7 m
PackedOV-101150.731.3Maeck, Touabet, et al., 1989N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101120.718.Fernández-Sánchez, Fernández-Torres, et al., 1987N2, Chromosorb W AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedSqualane80.643.Kersten and Poole, 1987N2; Column length: 3.5 m
PackedSE-30150.705.Tiess, 1984Ar, Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedSE-30100.721.Winskowski, 1983Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m
PackedPorapack Q200.648.Goebel, 1982N2
PackedApiezon L120.687.Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978Celite 545
PackedApiezon L160.702.Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978Celite 545
PackedApolane70.660.3Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m
PackedApiezon L100.680.Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968N2, DCMS-treated Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.3 m
PackedDC-200100.697.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 4. m
PackedSqualane100.651.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 5. m
PackedApiezon L100.687.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 5. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCBP-1690.Shimadzu, 200325. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M80.1065.Kersten and Poole, 1987N2, Chromosorb W-AW; Column length: 3.5 m
PackedCarbowax 20M75.1093.Goebel, 1982N2, Kieselgur (60-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedPEG-2000150.1097.Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedPEG-2000180.1100.Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedCarbowax 20M100.1081.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCBP-201065.Shimadzu, 200325. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPEG-20M1066.Slizhov and Gavrilenko, 2001He; Column length: 10. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane120.696.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane120.696.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane120.698.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane105.694.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane75.690.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane90.692.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone100.693.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.696.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone140.699.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone80.690.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.696.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.696.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.697.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryDB-160.680.Shimadzu, 2003, 260. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
PackedApieson L120.694.Kurdina, Markovich, et al., 1969not specified, not specified
PackedApieson L120.694.Kurdina, Markovich, et al., 1969not specified, not specified

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5705.Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 250. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-1690.Flanagan, Streete, et al., 199760. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone702.Zenkevich, Korolenko, et al., 1995Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-1690.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
CapillarySPB-1696.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB706.Weller and Wolf, 198940. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30 0C (1 min) 15 0C/min -> 45 0C 3 0C/min -> 120 0C
CapillaryOV-1692.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.686.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1687.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax60.1085.Shimadzu, 2003, 250. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
PackedPEG100.1105.Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990Phasesep W (10 %)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1083.Shimadzu, 201230. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1083.Shimadzu Corporation, 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1068.Duque, Bonilla, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 25. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolyethylene Glycol1084.Zenkevich, Korolenko, et al., 1995Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.1066.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1065.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Jacobs and Parks, 1934
Jacobs, C.J.; Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds. XIV. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for cyclic substances, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1934, 56, 1513-17. [all data]

Cristou, Young, et al., 1991
Cristou, G.; Young, C.L.; Svejda, P., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1991, 67, 45-53. [all data]

Glaser and Ruland, 1957
Glaser, F.; Ruland, H., Untersuchungsen über dampfdruckkurven und kritische daten einiger technisch wichtiger organischer substanzen, Chem. Ing. Techn., 1957, 29, 772. [all data]

Kobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956
Kobe, K.A.; Ravicz, A.E.; Vohra, S.P., Critical Properties and Vapor Pressures of Some Ethers and Heterocyclic Compounds, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1956, 1, 50. [all data]

Hojendahl, 1946
Hojendahl, K., Dielectric Constant, Viscosity, Surface Tension, and Critical Data of Boron Tribromide, Dioxane, and Ethylene Dichloride, Mat.-Fys. Medd. - K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk., 1946, 24, 1. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Castellari, Comelli, et al., 1984
Castellari, Carlo; Comelli, Fabio; Francesconi, Romolo, Vapor-liquid equilibria in binary systems containing 1,3-dioxolane at isobaric conditions. 4. Binary mixtures of 1,3-dioxolane with 1,4-dioxane and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1984, 29, 2, 126-128, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00036a008 . [all data]

Vinson and Martin, 1963
Vinson, Carl G.; Martin, Joseph J., Heat of Vaporization and Vapor Pressure of 1,4-Dioxane., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1963, 8, 1, 74-75, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60016a021 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Gallaugher and Hibbert, 1937
Gallaugher, A.F.; Hibbert, H., Studies on reactions relating to carbohydrates and polysaccharides. LV. Vapor pressures of the polyethylene glycols and their derivatives, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2521-2525. [all data]

Hovorka, Schaefer, et al., 1936
Hovorka, Frank; Schaefer, Ralph A.; Dreisbach, Dale, The System Dioxane and Water, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 11, 2264-2267, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01302a051 . [all data]

Crenshaw, Cope, et al., 1938
Crenshaw, J.L.; Cope, A.C.; Finkelstein, N.; Rogan, R., The Dioxanates of the Mercuric Halides, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 10, 2308-2311, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01277a010 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Roth and Meyer, 1933
Roth, W.A.; Meyer, I., Einige physikalisch-chemische konstanten des dioxans, Z. Electrochem., 1933, 39, 35-37. [all data]

Jacobs and Parks, 1934, 2
Jacobs, C.J.; Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds. XIV. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for cyclic substances, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1934, 56, 1513-1517. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Fraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982
Fraser-Monteiro, M.L.; Fraser-Monteiro, L.; Butler, J.J.; Baer, T.; Hass, J.R., Thermochemistry and dissociation dynamics of state-selected C4H8O2+ ions. 1. 1,4-Dioxane, J. Phys. Chem., 1982, 86, 739. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Bieri, Asbrink, et al., 1982
Bieri, G.; Asbrink, L.; Von Niessen, W., 30.4-nm He(II) photoelectron spectra of organic molecules, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1982, 27, 129. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Kobayashi and Nagakura, 1973
Kobayashi, T.; Nagakura, S., Photoelectron spectra of tetrahydropyran, 1,3-dioxane, and 1,4-dioxane, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1973, 46, 1558. [all data]

Gol'denfel'd, Korostyshevskii, et al., 1973
Gol'denfel'd, I.V.; Korostyshevskii, I.Z.; Mischanchuk, B.G.; Pokrovskii, V.A., Determination of ionization potentials of atoms and molecules using a field mass spectrometer equipped with an energy analyzer, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1973, 213, 626. [all data]

Sweigart and Turner, 1972
Sweigart, D.A.; Turner, D.W., Lone pair orbitals and their interactions studied by photoelectron spectroscopy. II. Equivalent orbitals in saturated oxygen and sulfur J. Heterocycl. Chem., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 5599. [all data]

Collin and Conde, 1966
Collin, J.E.; Conde, G., L'ionisation et la dissociation des polyethers cycliques soumis a l'impact electronique, Bull. Classe Sci. Acad. Roy. Belg., 1966, 52, 978. [all data]

Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000
Dallos, A.; Sisak, A.; Kulcsár, Z.; Kováts, E., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography VII. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with secondary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 904, 2, 211-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00908-0 . [all data]

Gawdzik and Matynia, 1994
Gawdzik, B.; Matynia, T., Characterization of methacrylic ester of p,p'-dihydroxydiphenylpropane diglicydyl ether - divinylbenzene porous copolymers for GC, Chromatographia, 1994, 38, 9/10, 643-648, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02277169 . [all data]

Kowalski, 1992
Kowalski, W.J., Free radical crosslinking of the gas chromatographic stationary phase containing europium chelates, Chromatographia, 1992, 34, 5-8, 266-268, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02268356 . [all data]

Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992
Reddy, K.S.; Dutoit, J.-Cl.; Kovats, E. sz., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography. I. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with non-associated primary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr., 1992, 609, 1-2, 229-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80167-S . [all data]

Dutoit, 1991
Dutoit, J., Gas chromatographic retention behaviour of some solutes on structurally similar polar and non-polar stationary phases, J. Chromatogr., 1991, 555, 1-2, 191-204, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87179-X . [all data]

Maeck, Touabet, et al., 1989
Maeck, M.; Touabet, A.; Badjah Hadj Ahmed, A.Y.; Meklati, B.Y., A numerical interpolation of Kováts indices without dead time correction, Chromatographia, 1989, 27, 5/6, 205-208, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02260447 . [all data]

Fernández-Sánchez, Fernández-Torres, et al., 1987
Fernández-Sánchez, E.; Fernández-Torres, A.; García-Domínguez, J.A.; García-Muñoz, J.; Menéndez, V.; Molera, M.J.; Santiuste, J.M.; Pertierra-Rimada, E., Mixed stationary phases in gas-liquid chromatography. Partition coefficients and retention indices in OV-101-OV-25, OV-101-Carbowax 20M and OV-225-SP-2340 mixtures, J. Chromatogr., 1987, 410, 13-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)90031-1 . [all data]

Kersten and Poole, 1987
Kersten, B.R.; Poole, C.F., Influence of concurrent retention mechanisms on the determination of stationary phase selectivity in gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1987, 399, 1-31, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96108-9 . [all data]

Tiess, 1984
Tiess, D., Gaschromatographische Retentionsindices von 125 leicht- bis mittelflüchtigen organischen Substanzen toxikologisch-analytischer Relevanz auf SE-30, Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock Math. Naturwiss. Reihe, 1984, 33, 6-9. [all data]

Winskowski, 1983
Winskowski, J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung von Stoffen anhand von Indexziffem und unterschiedlichen Detektoren, Chromatographia, 1983, 17, 3, 160-165, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02271041 . [all data]

Goebel, 1982
Goebel, K.-J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung Niedrig Siedender Substanzen Mittels Retentionsindices und Rechnerhilfe, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 235, 1, 119-127, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)95793-5 . [all data]

Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978
Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S., Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192. [all data]

Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976
Riedo, F.; Fritz, D.; Tarján, G.; Kováts, E.Sz., A tailor-made C87 hydrocarbon as a possible non-polar standard stationary phase for gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 63-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84063-2 . [all data]

Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968
Brown, I.; Chapman, I.L.; Nicholson, G.J., Gas chromatography of polar solutes in electron acceptor stationary phases, Aust. J. Chem., 1968, 21, 5, 1125-1141, https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9681125 . [all data]

Rohrschneider, 1966
Rohrschneider, L., Eine methode zur charakterisierung von gaschromatographischen trennflüssigkeiten, J. Chromatogr., 1966, 22, 6-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97064-5 . [all data]

Shimadzu, 2003
Shimadzu, Gas chromatography analysis of organic solvents using capillary columns (No. 2), 2003, retrieved from http://www.shimadzu.com/apps/form.cfm. [all data]

Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973
Anderson, A.; Jurel, S.; Shymanska, M.; Golender, L., Gas-liquid chromatography of some aliphatic and heterocyclic mono- and pollyfunctional amines. VII. Retention indices of amines in some polar and unpolar stationary phases, Latv. PSR Zinat. Akad. Vestis Kim. Ser., 1973, 1, 51-63. [all data]

Slizhov and Gavrilenko, 2001
Slizhov, Yu.G.; Gavrilenko, M.A., Effect of thermal treatment of poly(ethylene glycol) modified with europium acetylacetonate on its chromatographic properties, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 2001, 75, 6, 1012-1013. [all data]

Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Tello, A.M.; Lebron-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-Lopez, J.E.; Santiuste, J.M., Isothermal retention indices on poly93-cyanopropylmethyl)siloxane stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 2009, 1216, 10, 1630-1639, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.025 . [all data]

Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Lebrón-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-López, J.E.; Tello, A.M.; Santiuste, J.M., Isothermal retention indices on poly (3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane) stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 2007, 1160, 1-2, 276-288, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.025 . [all data]

Shimadzu, 2003, 2
Shimadzu, Gas chromatography analysis of organic solvents using capillary columns (No. 3), 2003, retrieved from http://www.shimadzu.com/apps/form.cfm. [all data]

Kurdina, Markovich, et al., 1969
Kurdina, Z.G.; Markovich, V.E.; Sakharov, V.M., Gas chromatography of cyclic O-containing compounds in Gas chromatography, Issue # 10, NIITEKhim, Moscow, 1969, 128-133. [all data]

Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990
Spadone, J.-C.; Takeoka, G.; Liardon, R., Analytical Investigation of Rio Off-Flavor in Green Coffee, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1990, 38, 1, 226-233, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00091a050 . [all data]

Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997
Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technicalseries1997-01-011.pdf. [all data]

Zenkevich, Korolenko, et al., 1995
Zenkevich, I.G.; Korolenko, L.I.; Khralenkova, N.B., Desorption with solvent vapor as a method of sample preparation in the sorption preconcentration of organic-compounds from the air of a working area and from industrial-waste gases, J. Appl. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 1995, 50, 10, 937-944. [all data]

Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992
Strete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J., Detection and identification of volatile substances by headspace capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning, Analyst, 1992, 117, 7, 1111-1127, https://doi.org/10.1039/an9921701111 . [all data]

Weller and Wolf, 1989
Weller, J.-P.; Wolf, M., Massenspektroskopie und Headspace-GC, Beitr. Gerichtl. Med., 1989, 47, 525-532. [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]

Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982
Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J., Detection and Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood by Headspace Gas Chromatography as an Aid to the Diagnosis of Solvent Abuse, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 240, 2, 423-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99622-5 . [all data]

Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990
Dowling, J.J.; Evans, M.B.; Haken, J.K., Gas-liquid chromatography in qualitative analysis. XVIII. Study of the dependence of the retention behavior of polyoxyethylene glycol columns on the nature of the support and phase loading, J. Chromatogr., 1990, 500, 355-365, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96077-1 . [all data]

Shimadzu, 2012
Shimadzu, Pharmaceutical Related, Analysis of pharmaceutical residual solvent (observation of separation) (1) - GC, 2012, retrieved from www.shimadzu.ru/applications/Applicationspdf/GC/Pharma/Pharmaceutical residual solvents GC.pdf. [all data]

Shimadzu Corporation, 2003
Shimadzu Corporation, Analysis of pharmaceutical residual solvent (observation of separation), 2003, retrieved from http://www.shimadzu.com.br/analitica/aplicacoes/book/pharm69.pdf. [all data]

Duque, Bonilla, et al., 2001
Duque, C.; Bonilla, A.; Bautista, E.; Zea, S., Exudation of low molecular wight compounds (thiobismethane, methyl isocyanide, amd methyl isothiocyanate) as a possible chemical defense mechanism in the marine sponge Ircinia felix, Biochem. Systematics Ecol., 2001, 29, 5, 459-467, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00081-8 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References