Krypton

• Formula: Kr
• Molecular weight: 83.798
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/Kr Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 7439-90-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
• Other names: Kr; UN 1056; UN 1970
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Phase change data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Fluid Properties
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Lines Holdings (on physics web site)
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Levels Holdings (on physics web site)
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Ground states and ionization energies (on physics web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
• Options:
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Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

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Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to Kr⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Ziegler, Yarbrough, et al., 1964
Ziegler, W.T.; Yarbrough, D.W.; Mullins, J.C., Calculation of the Vapor Pressure and Heats of Vaporization and Sublimation of Liquids and Solids below One Atmosphere Pressure. VI. Krypton, Ga. Inst. Technol., Eng. Exp. Stn., Proj. A-764, Tech. Rep. No. 1, 1964. [all data]

Lahr and Eversole, 1962
Lahr, P.H.; Eversole, W.G., Compression Isotherms of Argon, Krypton, and Xenon Through the Freezing Zone, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1962, 7, 42-47. [all data]

Clusius and Weigand, 1940
Clusius, K.; Weigand, K., Melting Curves of the Gases A, Kr, Xe, CH4, CH3D, CD4, C2H4, C2H6, COS, and PH3 to 200 Atmospheres Pressure. The Chane of Volume on Melting, Z. Phys. Chem., Abt. B, 1940, 46, 1-37. [all data]

Theeuwes and Bearman, 1970
Theeuwes, F.; Bearman, R.J., The p,V,T behaviour of dense fluids III. The vapor pressure and orthobaric densities of krypton, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, 2, 179-85. [all data]

Theeuwes and Bearman, 1970, 2
Theeuwes, F.; Bearman, R.J., The p,V,T Behavior of Dense Fluids. III. The Vapor Pressure and Orthobaric Density of Krypton, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, 2, 2, 179-185, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(70)90081-9 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Wetzel, Baiocchi, et al., 1987
Wetzel, R.C.; Baiocchi, F.A.; Hayes, T.R.; Freund, R.S., Absolute cross sections for electron-impact ionization of the rare-gas atoms by the fast-neutral-beam method, Phys. Rev. A, 1987, 35, 559. [all data]

Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L., Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Yoshino and Tanaka, 1979
Yoshino, K.; Tanaka, Y., Absorption spectrum of krypton in the vacuum UV region, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1979, 69, 159. [all data]

Chaghtai and Hassan, 1973
Chaghtai, M.S.Z.; Hassan, V., The ionization potential and the 4s4p6nl levels of ⁸⁶Kr I, J. Phys. B:, 1973, 6, 433. [all data]

Spohr, Guyon, et al., 1971
Spohr, R.; Guyon, P.M.; Chupka, W.A.; Berkowitz, J., Threshold photoelectron detector for use in the vacuum ultraviolet, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1971, 42, 1872. [all data]

Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E., Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]

Hotop and Niehaus, 1969
Hotop, H.; Niehaus, A., Reactions of excited atoms molecules with atoms and molecules. II. Energy analysis of penning electrons, Z. Phys., 1969, 228, 68. [all data]

Gallegos and Klaver, 1967
Gallegos, E.J.; Klaver, R.F., Automatic voltage scanner for a peak switching mass spectrometer, J.Sci. Instr., 1967, 44, 427. [all data]

Dibeler, Reese, et al., 1966
Dibeler, V.H.; Reese, R.M.; Krauss, M., Mass spectrometric study of the photoionization of small molecules, Advan. Mass Spectrom., 1966, 3, 471. [all data]

Nicholson, 1965
Nicholson, A.J.C., Photoionization-efficiency curves. II. False and genuine structure, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 43, 1171. [all data]

Al-Joboury and Turner, 1963
Al-Joboury, M.I.; Turner, D.W., Molecular photo-electron spectroscopy. Part I. The hydrogen and nitrogen molecules, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 5141. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  Pc	Critical pressure
  Ptriple	Triple point pressure
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ρc	Critical density

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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