Cubane
- Formula: C8H8
- Molecular weight: 104.1491
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: TXWRERCHRDBNLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 277-10-1
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | Ccb | Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966 | uncertain value: 148.7 ± 1.0 kcal/mol; ALS | ||
ΔfH°gas | 142.7 ± 1.2 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966, 2 | Value recomputed with updated enthalpy of sublimation from Bashir-Hashemi, Chickos, et al., 2004. The value used in the original paper is now deemed unreliable. |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°solid | 129.5 ± 0.8 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966 | |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°solid | -1155.18 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966 | Corresponding ΔfHºsolid = 129.51 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections) |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔvapH° | 10.7 ± 0.2 | kcal/mol | CGC | Bashir-Hashemi, Chickos, et al., 2004 | AC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔsubH° | 13.2 ± 0.48 | kcal/mol | AC+CGC | Bashir-Hashemi, Chickos, et al., 2004 | AC |
ΔsubH° | ME | Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966, 2 | uncertain value: 19.2 ± 0.38 kcal/mol; in Ref. Diky, Frenkel, et al., 2003 the authors state that the value of 80.3 kJ/mole from Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966, 2 pertains to the average temperature and not to 298 K. The authors give a value of 79.1±1.7 for the 298 K value; AC |
Enthalpy of sublimation
ΔsubH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
19.2 ± 0.4 | 239. | V | Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966 | ALS |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
2.1 | 404.9 | AC | White, Wasylishen, et al., 1992 | AC |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
3.604 | 394. | White, Wasylishen, et al., 1992, 2 | CAL |
5.136 | 404.9 |
Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔHtrs (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.420 | 395.04 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | White, Wasylishen, et al., 1992 | DH |
2.079 | 404.9 | crystaline, I | liquid | White, Wasylishen, et al., 1992 | DH |
Entropy of phase transition
ΔStrs (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3.674 | 395.04 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | White, Wasylishen, et al., 1992 | DH |
5.43 | 404.9 | crystaline, I | liquid | White, Wasylishen, et al., 1992 | DH |
Reaction thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C8H7- + =
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 403.4 ± 3.1 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Hare, Emrick, et al., 1997 | gas phase; Comparable to ammonia; D exchange with ND3 |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 396.5 ± 3.0 | kcal/mol | IMRB | Hare, Emrick, et al., 1997 | gas phase; Comparable to ammonia; D exchange with ND3 |
Gas phase ion energetics data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
View reactions leading to C8H8+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 8.6 ± 0.1 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 205.5 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 199.2 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
8.6 ± 0.1 | TRPI | Lifshitz and Eaton, 1983 | LBLHLM |
8.46 | PE | Gassman and Yamaguchi, 1979 | LLK |
8.6 | PE | Bischof, Eaton, et al., 1978 | LLK |
8.4 ± 0.1 | EI | Gross, 1972 | LLK |
8.64 ± 0.10 | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
8.74 | PE | Dewar and Worley, 1969 | RDSH |
8.74 ± 0.15 | EI | Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966 | RDSH |
9.00 | PE | Bischof, Eaton, et al., 1978 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C3H3+ | 10.01 ± 0.10 | ? | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
C4H2+ | 14.33 ± 0.20 | 2C2H2+H2 | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
C4H3+ | 14.96 ± 0.10 | 2C2H2+H | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
C4H4+ | 12.88 ± 0.15 | 2C2H2 | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
C5H3+ | 13.60 ± 0.10 | ? | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
C6H5+ | 10.93 ± 0.10 | C2H2+H | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
C6H6+ | 8.8 ± 0.1 | C2H2 | TRPI | Lifshitz and Eaton, 1983 | LBLHLM |
C6H6+ | 9.2 ± 0.1 | ? | EI | Gross, 1972 | LLK |
C6H6+ | 9.00 ± 0.10 | C2H2 | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
C8H6+ | 8.92 ± 0.10 | H2 | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
C8H7+ | 9.3 ± 0.2 | H | TRPI | Lifshitz and Eaton, 1983 | LBLHLM |
C8H7+ | 8.96 ± 0.10 | H | EI | Franklin and Carroll, 1969 | RDSH |
De-protonation reactions
C8H7- + =
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 403.4 ± 3.1 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Hare, Emrick, et al., 1997 | gas phase; Comparable to ammonia; D exchange with ND3; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 396.5 ± 3.0 | kcal/mol | IMRB | Hare, Emrick, et al., 1997 | gas phase; Comparable to ammonia; D exchange with ND3; B |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966
Kybett, B.D.; Carroll, S.; Natalis, P.; Bonnell, D.W.; Margrave, J.L.; Franklin, J.L.,
Thermodynamic properties of cubane,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, 88, 626. [all data]
Kybett, Carroll, et al., 1966, 2
Kybett, B.D.; Carroll, S.; Natalis, P.; Bonnell, D.W.; Margrave, J.L.; Franklin, J.L.,
Thermodynamic Properties of Cubane,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, 88, 3, 626-626, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00955a056
. [all data]
Bashir-Hashemi, Chickos, et al., 2004
Bashir-Hashemi, A.; Chickos, James S.; Hanshaw, William; Zhao, Hui; Farivar, Behzad S.; Liebman, Joel F.,
The enthalpy of sublimation of cubane,
Thermochimica Acta, 2004, 424, 1-2, 91-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2004.05.022
. [all data]
Diky, Frenkel, et al., 2003
Diky, Vladimir V.; Frenkel, Michael; Karpushenkava, Larisa S.,
Thermodynamics of sublimation of cubane: natural anomaly or experimental error?,
Thermochimica Acta, 2003, 408, 1-2, 115-121, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00318-6
. [all data]
White, Wasylishen, et al., 1992
White, M.A.; Wasylishen, R.E.; Eaton, P.E.; Xiong, Y.; Pramod, K.; Nodari, N.,
Orientational disorder in solid cubane: a thermodynamic and 13C NMR study,
J. Phys. Chem., 1992, 96(1), 421-425. [all data]
White, Wasylishen, et al., 1992, 2
White, M.A.; Wasylishen, R.E.; Eaton, P.E.; Xiong, Y.; Pramod, K.; Nodari, N.,
Orientational disorder in solid cubane: a thermodynamic and carbon-13 NMR study,
J. Phys. Chem., 1992, 96, 1, 421, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100180a078
. [all data]
Hare, Emrick, et al., 1997
Hare, M.; Emrick, T.; Eaton, P.E.; Kass, S.R.,
Cubyl Anion Formation and an Experimental Determination of the Acidity and C-H Bond Dissociation Energy of Cubane,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 1, 237, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9627858
. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Lifshitz and Eaton, 1983
Lifshitz, C.; Eaton, P.E.,
Time-dependent mass spectra and breakdown graphs. III. The cubane cation complete or partial instability,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1983, 49, 337. [all data]
Gassman and Yamaguchi, 1979
Gassman, P.G.; Yamaguchi, R.,
Electrochemical oxidation of strained hydrocarbons,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 1308. [all data]
Bischof, Eaton, et al., 1978
Bischof, P.; Eaton, P.E.; Gleiter, R.; Heilbronner, E.; Jones, T.B.; Musso, H.; Schmelzer, A.; Stober, R.,
44. The electronic structure of cubane (C8H8) as revealed by photoelectron spectroscopy,
Helv. Chim. Acta, 1978, 61, 547. [all data]
Gross, 1972
Gross, M.L.,
Ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry. A means of evaluating 'kinetic shifts',
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1972, 6, 827. [all data]
Franklin and Carroll, 1969
Franklin, J.L.; Carroll, S.R.,
The effect of molecular structure on ionic decomposition. I. An electron impact study of seven C8H8 isomers,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1969, 91, 5940. [all data]
Dewar and Worley, 1969
Dewar, M.J.S.; Worley, S.D.,
Photoelectron spectra of molecules. I. Ionization potentials of some organic molecules and their interpretation,
J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 50, 654. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy ΔHtrs Enthalpy of phase transition ΔStrs Entropy of phase transition ΔcH°solid Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°solid Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔsubH Enthalpy of sublimation ΔsubH° Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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