tin monoxide

Formula: OSn
Molecular weight: 134.709
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/O.Sn
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 21651-19-4
Chemical structure:
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Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Constants of diatomic molecules, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
0.5980 ± 0.0060	LPES	Davico, Ramond, et al., 2000	B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
9.9 ± 0.2	EI	Makarov and Zbezhneva, 1993	LL
9.60 ± 0.02	PE	Dyke, Morris, et al., 1982	LBLHLM
10.4 ± 0.3	EI	Lau, Brittain, et al., 1981	LLK
10. ± 1.	EI	Drowart, Myers, et al., 1972	LLK
10.5 ± 0.5	EI	Colin, Drowart, et al., 1965	RDSH
9.98	PE	Dyke, Morris, et al., 1982	Vertical value; LBLHLM

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
Sn⁺	13.	O	EI	Colin, Drowart, et al., 1965	RDSH

Constants of diatomic molecules

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Data compiled by: Klaus P. Huber and Gerhard H. Herzberg

Data collected through September, 1977

Symbols used in the table of constants
Symbol	Meaning
State	electronic state and / or symmetry symbol
T_e	minimum electronic energy (cm^-1)
ω_e	vibrational constant – first term (cm^-1)
ω_ex_e	vibrational constant – second term (cm^-1)
ω_ey_e	vibrational constant – third term (cm^-1)
B_e	rotational constant in equilibrium position (cm^-1)
α_e	rotational constant – first term (cm^-1)
γ_e	rotation-vibration interaction constant (cm^-1)
D_e	centrifugal distortion constant (cm^-1)
β_e	rotational constant – first term, centrifugal force (cm^-1)
r_e	internuclear distance (Å)
Trans.	observed transition(s) corresponding to electronic state
ν₀₀	position of 0-0 band (units noted in table)

Diatomic constants for ¹²⁰Sn¹⁶O
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
Unidentified absorption bands, 64920 - 68360 cm^-1.
↳Barrow and Rowlinson, 1954
G	58806 1	724 H	21								G ← X R	58752 H
G	↳missing citation
F	(57669)	[466] H									F ← X R	57492 H
F	↳missing citation
Unidentified absorption bands, 53250 - 57670 cm^-1.
↳Barrow and Rowlinson, 1954
Absorption continuum between 51630 and 51920 cm^-1.
↳Barrow and Rowlinson, 1954
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
E	36295	508.0 H	2.9 2								E ↔ X R	36138 H
E	↳Loomis and Watson, 1934; missing citation
D ¹Π	29624	[573.6] Z	3.08	-0.135	0.3145₅ 3 4	0.0025		4.0E-7		1.948₇	D ↔ X 5 6 R	29503.2 Z
D ¹Π	↳missing citation; Jevons, 1938; missing citation
A large number of emission bands in the visible and near UV region has been observed by various methods Mahanti, 1931, Joshi and Yamdagini, 1967, Smith and Meyer, 1968. A satisfactory interpretation is still lacking.
B (1)	(24890)	[560]								[1.992]	B ← X R	24760
B (1)	↳Deutsch and Barrow, 1964
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
A (0⁺)	(24333)	[555]			[0.2964]					[2.008]	A ← X R	24200
A (0⁺)	↳Deutsch and Barrow, 1964
X ¹Σ⁺	0	[814.6] Z	3.73 H		0.3557191 4	0.002142₉	-7E-7	(2.66E-7)		1.832505 7
	↳Ogden and Ricks, 1970
	Microwave sp. 8
	↳Torring, 1967

Notes

Barrow and Rowlinson, 1954 give 58809.6 which does not fit with their observed (or calculated) ν₀₀.

ω_ex_e = 2.9 - 5E-5(v+1/2)⁵ (valid for v' ≤ 17).

Small Λ-type doubling. Several perturbations, probably by a ¹Π (or ¹Δ) state Lagerqvist, Nilsson, et al., 1959.

RKR potential functions Nair, Singh, et al., 1965.

Franck-Condon factors, relative band intensities, variation of electronic transition moment with r Dube and Rai, 1971.

The observed ¹¹⁸Sn and ¹¹⁶Sn isotope shifts for the 0-1 band Lagerqvist, Nilsson, et al., 1959 seem to confirm the v' numbering. See, however, Smith and Meyer, 1968 who suggest that v' be increased by 1.

IR Spectrum 11

Torring, 1967 gives rotational constants for seven isotopes. Dipole moment from Stark effect of rotation spectrum μ_el(v=0) = 4.3₂ D Mahanti, 1931. Zeeman effect Honerjager and Tischer, 1973, g_J(v=0) = -0.1463.

Thermochemical value Colin, Drowart, et al., 1965. Extrapolation of the E-X v"=0 progression gives a dissociation limit at 45770 cm^-1 Barrow and Rowlinson, 1954; if it corresponds to ³P₁ + ³P₁ [see Barrow, 1970] a dissociation energy of 5.45 eV would follow.

Both v=1 and v=2 are extensively perturbed.

In argon and nitrogen matrices.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Constants of diatomic molecules, Notes

Davico, Ramond, et al., 2000
Davico, G.E.; Ramond, T.M.; Lineberger, W.C., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of SnO-, J. Chem. Phys., 2000, 113, 19, 8852, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1318194 . [all data]

Makarov and Zbezhneva, 1993
Makarov, A.V.; Zbezhneva, S.G., Use of high-temperature mass spectrometry for analysis of the vapour phase of some substances used in film deposition, Vysokochist. Veshchestva, 1993, 1, 124. [all data]

Dyke, Morris, et al., 1982
Dyke, J.M.; Morris, A.; Ridha, A.M.A.; Snijders, J.G., Gas phase high temperature photoelectron spectroscopy: The tin monoxide molecule, Chem. Phys., 1982, 67, 245. [all data]

Lau, Brittain, et al., 1981
Lau, K.H.; Brittain, R.D.; Hildenbrand, D.L., The dissociation energy of AsO from gaseous equilibrium measurements, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1981, 81, 227. [all data]

Drowart, Myers, et al., 1972
Drowart, J.; Myers, C.E.; Szwarc, R.; Vander Auwera-Mahieu, A.; Uy, O.M., Determination by the mass spectrometric Knudsen cell method of the atomization energies of the molecules PO and PO₂, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1972, 68, 1749. [all data]

Colin, Drowart, et al., 1965
Colin, R.; Drowart, J.; Verhaegen, G., Mass spectrometric study of the vaporization of tin oxides. Dissociation energy of SnO, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1965, 61, 1364. [all data]

Barrow and Rowlinson, 1954
Barrow, R.F.; Rowlinson, H.C., The absorption spectra of the gaseous monoxides of silicon, germanium and tin in the Schumann region, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1954, A224, 374. [all data]

Loomis and Watson, 1934
Loomis, F.W.; Watson, T.F., A new band system of tin oxide, Phys. Rev., 1934, 45, 805. [all data]

Jevons, 1938
Jevons, W., A note on the near ultra-violet band system of SnO, Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1938, 50, 910. [all data]

Mahanti, 1931
Mahanti, P.C., Die bandenspektren von zinnoxyd. Teil I. Die schwingungsanalyse der blau=violett=banden, Z. Phys., 1931, 68, 114. [all data]

Joshi and Yamdagini, 1967
Joshi, M.M.; Yamdagini, R., Flame emission spectrum of SnO molecule in the visible region, Indian J. Phys., 1967, 41, 275. [all data]

Smith and Meyer, 1968
Smith, J.J.; Meyer, B., The absorption and fluorescence spectrum of SnS and SnO: matrix-induced intersystem crossing, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1968, 27, 304. [all data]

Deutsch and Barrow, 1964
Deutsch, E.W.; Barrow, R.F., Rotational analysis of bands of the ³Π-X¹Σ⁺ system of stannous oxide, Nature (London), 1964, 201, 815. [all data]

Ogden and Ricks, 1970
Ogden, J.S.; Ricks, M.J., Matrix isolation studies of group IV oxides. III. Infrared spectra and structures of SnO, Sn₂O₂, Sn₃O₃, and Sn₄O₄, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 896. [all data]

Torring, 1967
Torring, T., Das Mikrowellenrotationsspektrum des SnO, Z. Naturforsch. A, 1967, 22, 1234. [all data]

Lagerqvist, Nilsson, et al., 1959
Lagerqvist, A.; Nilsson, N.E.L.; Wigartz, K., Rotational analysis of the A¹Π-X¹Σ system of SnO, Ark. Fys., 1959, 15, 521. [all data]

Nair, Singh, et al., 1965
Nair, K.P.R.; Singh, R.B.; Rai, D.K., Potential-energy curves and dissociation energies of oxides and sulfides of group IV A elements, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 43, 3570. [all data]

Dube and Rai, 1971
Dube, P.S.; Rai, D.K., Electronic transition moment variation in D¹Π-X¹Σ system of SnO molecule and determination of the effective vibrational temperature, J. Phys. B:, 1971, 4, 579. [all data]

Honerjager and Tischer, 1973
Honerjager, R.; Tischer, R., gJ-Faktor der Molekeln SnO und PbO und Anisotropie ihrer magnetischen Suszeptibilitat, Z. Naturforsch. A, 1973, 28, 1372. [all data]

Barrow, 1970
Barrow, In Rosen, 1970, 1970, 323. [all data]

Rosen, 1970
Rosen, B., International tables of selected constants. 17. Spectroscopic data relative to diatomic molecules, Pub. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1970, 0. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Constants of diatomic molecules, References

Symbols used in this document:

AE Appearance energy

EA Electron affinity
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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