Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-
- Formula: C2H4Cl2
- Molecular weight: 98.959
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4Cl2/c1-2(3)4/h2H,1H3
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 75-34-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Ethylidene chloride; Ethylidene dichloride; 1,1-Dichloroethane; CH3CHCl2; Dichloromethylmethane; Aethylidenchlorid; Chlorure d'ethylidene; Cloruro di etilidene; 1,1-Dichloorethaan; 1,1-Dichloraethan; 1,1-Dichlorethane; 1,1-Dicloroetano; NCI-C04535; Rcra waste number U076; UN 2362; Assymmetrical Dichloroethane
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°gas | -31.67 ± 0.84 | kcal/mol | Review | Manion, 2002 | employed hydrochlorination equilibrium measurements of Levanova, Treger, et al., 1976 with increased uncertainty to reflect other data; DRB |
| ΔfH°gas | -30.50 ± 0.27 | kcal/mol | Chyd | Lacher, Amador, et al., 1967 | Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -30.7 ± 0.27 kcal/mol; At 250C; ALS |
Reaction thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
2 +
=
+ 2
By formula: 2H2 + C2H4Cl2 = C2H6 + 2HCl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -33.66 ± 0.25 | kcal/mol | Chyd | Lacher, Amador, et al., 1967 | gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -34.65 ± 0.12 kcal/mol; At 250C |
=
+
By formula: C2H4Cl2 = C2H3Cl + HCl
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 17.8 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979 | liquid phase |
| ΔrH° | 14.8 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979 | gas phase |
2 =
+
By formula: 2C2H4BrCl = C2H4Br2 + C2H4Cl2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 1.9 ± 0.1 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Busheva, Levanova, et al., 1980 | gas phase; Dehydrohalogenation |
=
By formula: C2H4Cl2 = C2H4Cl2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -2.30 ± 0.33 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Rozhnov, 1968 | gas phase; Heat of isomerization at 385 K |
+
=
By formula: C2H3Cl + HCl = C2H4Cl2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -22.15 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Treger, et al., 1976 | gas phase |
Gas phase ion energetics data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IE (evaluated) | 11.04 ± 0.02 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Ionization energy determinations
| IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11.02 | PE | Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979 | LLK |
| 11.06 | PI | Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979 | LLK |
| 11.23 ± 0.02 | PE | Katsumata and Kimura, 1975 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
| Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C2H4Cl+ | 11.20 | ? | PI | Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979 | LLK |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Manion, 2002
Manion, J.A.,
Evaluated Enthalpies of Formation of the Stable Closed Shell C1 and C2 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2002, 31, 1, 123-172, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1420703
. [all data]
Levanova, Treger, et al., 1976
Levanova, S.V.; Treger, Yu.A.; Velichko, S.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.,
Equilibria in the reactions of vinyl chloride,
Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1976, 50, 1148. [all data]
Lacher, Amador, et al., 1967
Lacher, J.R.; Amador, A.; Park, J.D.,
Reaction heats of organic compounds. Part 5.-Heats of hydrogenation of dichloromethane, 1,1- and 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dichloropropane,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1967, 63, 1608-1611. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979
Levanova, s.V.; Bushneva, I.I.; Rodova, R.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.; Treger, Yu.A.; Aprelkin, A.S.,
Thermodynamic stability of chloroethanes in dehydrochlorination reactions,
J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 1979, 52, 1439-1442. [all data]
Busheva, Levanova, et al., 1980
Busheva, L.I.; Levanova, S.V.; Rodova, R.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.,
Thermocatalytic reactions of 1,1-bromochloroethane,
Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1980, 54, 1403-1404. [all data]
Rozhnov, 1968
Rozhnov, A.M.,
Equilibrium of dichloroethane isomerization,
Neftekhimiya, 1968, 8, 431-434. [all data]
Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979
Berman, D.W.; Anicich, V.; Beauchamp, J.L.,
Stabilities of isomeric halonium ions C2H4X+ (X = Cl, Br) by photoionization mass spectrometry iand on cyclotron resonance spectroscopy. General considerations of the relative stabilities of cyclic and acyclic isomeric onium ions,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 1239. [all data]
Katsumata and Kimura, 1975
Katsumata, S.; Kimura, K.,
Photoelectron spectra and sum rule consideration. Effect of chlorine substitution on ionization energies for chloroethanes, chloroacetaldehydes and chloroacetyl chlorides,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1975, 6, 309. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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