Hydrogen chloride

Formula: ClH
Molecular weight: 36.461
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/ClH/h1H
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 7647-01-0
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Isotopologues:
- Hydrochloric acid-d
Other names: Hydrochloric ccid; Anhydrous hydrochloric acid; Chlorohydric acid; Hydrochloric acid gas; Hydrochloride; Muriatic acid; Salzsaeure; HCl; Hydrochloric acid, anhydrous; Hydrogen-chloride-anhydrous-; Acide chlorhydrique; Acido cloridrico; Chloorwaterstof; Chlorowodor; Chlorwasserstoff; NA 1789; Spirits of salt; UN 1050; UN 1789; UN 2186; Anhydrous hydrogen chloride; Hydrogen chloride (acid); Marine acid; Soldering acid; Spirit of salt; Spirits of salts; Hydrogen chloride (HCl); NSC 77365; Hydrochloric acid
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Constants of diatomic molecules

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Klaus P. Huber and Gerhard H. Herzberg

Symbols used in the table of constants
Symbol	Meaning
State	electronic state and / or symmetry symbol
T_e	minimum electronic energy (cm^-1)
ω_e	vibrational constant – first term (cm^-1)
ω_ex_e	vibrational constant – second term (cm^-1)
ω_ey_e	vibrational constant – third term (cm^-1)
B_e	rotational constant in equilibrium position (cm^-1)
α_e	rotational constant – first term (cm^-1)
γ_e	rotation-vibration interaction constant (cm^-1)
D_e	centrifugal distortion constant (cm^-1)
β_e	rotational constant – first term, centrifugal force (cm^-1)
r_e	internuclear distance (Å)
Trans.	observed transition(s) corresponding to electronic state
ν₀₀	position of 0-0 band (units noted in table)

Diatomic constants for H³⁵Cl
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
Rydberg 1												200-210 eV
	↳Hayes and Brown, 1972; Schwarz, 1975
	Numerous absorption bands above 123000 cm^-1, tentatively assigned to higher members of the Rydberg series starting with L and M and converging to A ²Σ⁺ of HCl⁺.
	↳Terwilliger and Smith, 1973
M (¹Σ⁺)	(117811)	[1529] 2									M ← X	117093
M (¹Σ⁺)	↳missing citation
L (¹Σ⁺,¹Π)	111280	1531	52 3								L ← X	110555
	↳missing citation
	4
	↳Douglas and Greening, 1979
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
K ¹Π	(89861)	[2604.6] Z			[9.230] 5			[-12.₆E-4] 5		[1.3654]	K ← X R	89680.5 Z
K ¹Π	↳Douglas and Greening, 1979
H ¹Σ⁺	(89120)	[2093.8] Z			[8.4410]			[8.93E-4]		[1.4278]	H ← X R	88684.5 Z
H ¹Σ⁺	↳Douglas and Greening, 1979
E ¹Σ⁺	(84193)	[2138.6] Z			[6.6423]			[36.2]		[1.6096]	E ← X R	83780.2 Z
E ¹Σ⁺	↳Douglas and Greening, 1979
g (³Σ^-)1	[84329.7] 6				[10.36] 7			[17E-4] 7		[1.28₉]	g ← X	82847.4 Z
g (³Σ^-)1	↳missing citation
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
f₁ ³Δ₁	[84006.1] 6				[10.27₀] 8			[-13E-4] 8		[1.294]	f₁ ← X	82523.8 Z
f₁ ³Δ₁	↳missing citation
D ¹Π	[83972.0] 9				[9.79₄] 10			[20.₅E-4] 10		[1.326]	D ← X R	82489.7 Z
D ¹Π	↳missing citation
d₀ ³Π₀	[83753.6] 9				[9.40₄] 11			[-2.₂E-4] 11		[1.353]	d₀ ← X R	82271.3 Z
d₀ ³Π₀	↳missing citation
f₂ ³Δ₂	[83497.7] 6				[10.85₁] 12			[29.₅E-4] 12		[1.259]	f₂ ← X V	82015.4 Z
f₂ ³Δ₂	↳missing citation
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
f₃ ³Δ₃	[83308.2] 6				[9.45] 8			[-1.₃E-4] 8		[1.34₉]	f₃ ← X R	81825.9 Z
f₃ ³Δ₃	↳missing citation
d₁ ³Π₁	[83255.6] 9				[9.76₈] 13			[8E-4] 13		[1.327]	d₁ ← X R	81773.3 Z
d₁ ³Π₁	↳missing citation
d₂ ³Π₂	[83083] 9				[8.63₂] 14			[-14E-4] 14		[1.412]	d₂ ← X R	81600.7 Z
d₂ ³Π₂	↳missing citation
C ¹Π	77575 15	[2684.0] Z	16		[9.33₃]	16				[1.358]	C ← X 17 R	77485.3 Z
C ¹Π	↳missing citation; Tilford, Ginter, et al., 1970
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
V ¹Σ⁺	77293.₀ 18	877.16 Z	16.04 19		2.727	-0.026		1.02E-4 19	0.2₀E-4	2.512	V ↔ X 20 R	76245.3 Z
V ¹Σ⁺	↳Jacques, 1959; Jacques and Barrow, 1959; missing citation
V ¹Σ⁺ 21											V → A
V ¹Σ⁺ 21	↳Jacques and Barrow, 1959
b₀ ³Π₀	(75617) 15	[2712]			[10.36] 22					[1.289]	b₀ ← X 23	75490.4 Z
b₀ ³Π₀	↳Price, 1938; missing citation
b₁ ³Π₁	(75195) 15	(2900)	(79)		[9.87] 22					[1.320]	b₁ ← X R	75142.₆ Z
b₁ ³Π₁	↳Price, 1938; missing citation
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
b₂ ³Π₂	[76322.₂] 15				[9.18] 22					[1.369]	b₂ ← X 23 R	74839.₉ Z
b₂ ³Π₂	↳Price, 1938; missing citation
A (¹Π) 24 25											A ← X
A (¹Π) 24 25	↳Datta and Banerjee, 1941; Romand, 1949
X ¹Σ⁺	0	2990.946₃ 26	52.8186 27	0.2243₇	10.59341₆ 26 28	0.30718₁ 29		5.3194E-4 28 30		1.27455₂ 31 32
	↳Rank, Eastman, et al., 1962; Rank, Rao, et al., 1965
	Rotation spectrum 33 34
	↳Hansler and Oetjen, 1953; Jones and Gordy, 1964; Rosenberg, Lightman, et al., 1972
	Raman cross sections
	↳Kaiser, 1970; de Leeuw and Dymanus, 1973
	Mol. beam electric reson. 35
	↳Kaiser, 1970; de Leeuw and Dymanus, 1973
	Mol. beam magnetic reson. 36
	↳Code, Khosla, et al., 1968

Notes

Rydberg series corresponding to excitation of a 2p electron.

v=0...5 observed. Assigned as 3pσ3pπ⁴ 5sσ. 39

Assigned as 3pσ3pπ⁴ 4pσ/π. 39

Many other absorption bands in the region 83000 - 93000 cm^-1 corresponding to Rydberg states strongly perturbed by the V ¹Σ⁺ state which itself gives rise to many perturbed bands.

Average B, D values; B(R,P)-B(Q) = +0.385.

Configuration ...σ²π³ 4pπ.

Average B, D values; B(1⁺)-B(1^-) = - 0.06₀.

Refers to Δ⁺; Q branch not resolved.

Configuration ...σ²π³ 4pσ.

Average B, D values; B(Π⁺)-B(Π^-) = +0.063.

Average B, D values; B(Π⁺)-B(Π^-) = -0.04₀.

Average B, D values; B(Δ⁺)-B(Δ^-) = -0.03₀.

Average B, D values; B(Π⁺)-B(Π^-) = -0.16₀.

Average B, D values; B(Π⁺)-B(Π^-) = -0.66₇.

Configuration σ²π³ 4sσ.

v=1,2,3 are increasingly diffuse; B₁ = 9.29₆. Tilford, Ginter, et al., 1970 give ω_e = 2817.5, ω_ex_e = 66.0, B_e = 9.44, α_e = 0.15.

A1so observed in inert matrices Boursey, 1975.

Typica1 "V" state with configuration ... σπ⁴ σ*.

missing note

Very extended progression in absorption, not yet analyzed in detail. The higher vibrational levels are strongly perturbed by Rydberg states Tilford and Ginter, 1971, Douglas and Greening, 1979. The vibrational and rotational constants given were obtained from the emission spectrum with v≤3 Jacques, 1959, Jacques and Barrow, 1959 but because of the perturbations have only very limited meaning.

Continuous absorption starting at 44000 cm^-1, maximum 40 at 65500 cm^-1.

Diffuse rotational structure; 1-0 and 2-0 are increasingly diffuse.

The b₂←X and b₀←X components have only 1/50 of the intensity of b₁←X.

Configuration ...σ²π³ σ*.

Continuous aabsorption starting at 44000 cm^-1, maximum at 65500 cm^-1.

Applying the Dunham corrections Rank, Rao, et al., 1965 obtain ω_e = 2991.0904 and B_e = 10.593553. Additional corrections (adiabatic, non- adiabatic) discussed by Bunker, 1972. Vibrational levels up to v=5 have been observed in infrared absorption Rank, Birtley, et al., 1960, Rank, Eastman, et al., 1962, Rank, Rao, et al., 1965 and emission Mould, Price, et al., 1960, higher levels in the V→X bands Jacques, 1959, Jacques and Barrow, 1959. Dunham potential coefficients Ogilvie and Koo, 1976. Most recent ab initio values of the ground state molecular constants Meyer and Rosmus, 1975; charge distribution Cade, Bader, et al., 1969.

ω_ez_e = -0.0121₈ Rank, Rao, et al., 1965.

Slightly different constants in Plyler and Tidwell, 1960, Levy, Rossi, et al., 1965, Levy, Rossi, et al., 1966. These papers and Webb and Rao, 1968 give also constants for H³⁷Cl.

+0.001772₄(v+1/2)² - 0.0001201(v+1/2)³.

-7.51₀E-6(v+1/2) + 4.0₀E-7(v+1/2)²; higher order terms in Rank, Rao, et al., 1965. See also Herman and Asgharian, 1966.

Uncorrected value from the B_e(=Y₀₁) given in the table. The internuclear distance at the minimum of the Born-Oppenheimer curve is r_e = 1.2746149 Bunker, 1972, Watson, 1973.

Rot.-vibr. Bands 41 34

Absolute intensity measurements Chamberlain and Gebbie, 1965, Sanderson, 1967.

Pressure-induced shifts (by foreign gases) of rotation-vibration and rotation lines Rank, Eastman, et al., 1960, Ben-Reuven, Kimel, et al., 1961, Gebbie and Stone, 1963, Jaffe, Friedmann, et al., 1963, Jaffe, Hirshfeld, et al., 1964. For discussions of pressure-induced bands and pure rotation lines (ΔJ=2) see Atwood, Vu, et al., 1967, Weiss and Cole, 1967. Self and foreign-gas line broadening Benedict, Herman, et al., 1956, Babrov, Ameer, et al., 1959, Goldring and Benesch, 1962, Jaffe, Kimel, et al., 1962, Plyler and Thibault, 1962, Alamichel and Legay, 1966, Levy, Mariel-Piollet, et al., 1970, Toth, Hunt, et al., 1970, Rich and Welsh, 1971, Rosenberg, Lightman, et al., 1972. Infrared absorption in liquid and solid phases Katz and Ron, 1970, Khatibi and Vu, 1972.

μ_el(v=0,1,2)= 1.1085, 1.1390, 1.1685 D, respectively Kaiser, 1970. Dipole moment function Kaiser, 1970, Smith, 1973; see also Bunker, 1973, Kaiser, 1974. g^J = 0.4594, also quadrupole and other hyperfine coupling constants Kaiser, 1970, de Leeuw and Dymanus, 1973; see also Tokuhiro, 1967, Bunker, 1973.

Proton spin - rotation interaction constant Leavitt, Baker, et al., 1961, Code, Khosla, et al., 1968.

From D₀⁰(H₂), D₀⁰(Cl₂), and ΔH^o_f0(HCl)

From the photoelectron spectrum Frost, McDowell, et al., 1967, Lempka, Passmore, et al., 1968, Weiss, Lawrence, et al., 1970; photoionization measurements give similar results Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962, Nicholson, 1965. A somewhat smaller I.P.(12.73₀ eV) may be derived from the second band system in the photoelectron spectrum at 16.25₄ eV corresponding to A ²Σ⁺ of HCl⁺. Higher ionization potentials at 207.1 and 208.7 eV correspond to the removal of a 2p electron Hayes and Brown, 1972.

Strongly broadened by preionization (lifetime τ= 1.1E-14 s) Terwilliger and Smith, 1973.

Absorption coefficient k=40.

Absolute intensities (cm-2atm-1) of the 1-0 band: 130 Benedict, Herman, et al., 1956 2-0 band: 2.9 Benedict, Herman, et al., 1956 3.70 Jaffe, Kimel, et al., 1962, Toth, Hunt, et al., 1970 3-0 band: 0.023 Benedict, Herman, et al., 1956

References

Go To: Top, Constants of diatomic molecules, Notes

Hayes and Brown, 1972
Hayes, W.; Brown, F.C., Absorption by some molecular gases in the extreme ultraviolet, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys., 1972, 6, 21. [all data]

Schwarz, 1975
Schwarz, W.H.E., Interpretation of the core electron excitation spectra of hydride molecules and the properties of hydride radicals, Chem. Phys., 1975, 11, 217. [all data]

Terwilliger and Smith, 1973
Terwilliger, D.T.; Smith, A.L., Analysis of autoionizing Rydberg states in the vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectrum of HCl and DCl, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1973, 45, 366. [all data]

Douglas and Greening, 1979
Douglas; Greening, Unpublished cited in Huber and Herzberg, 1979, 1979, 287. [all data]

Tilford, Ginter, et al., 1970
Tilford, S.G.; Ginter, M.L.; Vanderslice, J.T., Electronic spectra and structure of the hydrogen halides. The b³Π_i and C¹Π states of HCl and DCl, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1970, 33, 505. [all data]

Jacques, 1959
Jacques, D. Phil. Thesis, Oxford, 1959, 1. [all data]

Jacques and Barrow, 1959
Jacques, J.K.; Barrow, R.F., The transition v¹Σ⁺-x¹Σ⁺ in hydrogen chloride, Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1959, 73, 538. [all data]

Price, 1938
Price, W.C., The absorption spectra of the halogen acids in the vacuum ultra-violet, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1938, A167, 216. [all data]

Datta and Banerjee, 1941
Datta, S.; Banerjee, S., The continuous absorption spectra of the hydrogen-halides. Part II. HCl, Proc. Natl. Inst. Sci. India, 1941, 7, 305. [all data]

Romand, 1949
Romand, J., Absorption ultraviolette dans la region de Schumann etude de: ClH, BrH et lH gazeux, Ann. Phys. (Paris), 1949, 4, 527. [all data]

Rank, Eastman, et al., 1962
Rank, D.H.; Eastman, D.P.; Rao, B.S.; Wiggins, T.A., Rotational and vibrational constants of the HCl³⁵ and DCl³⁵ molecules, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1962, 52, 1. [all data]

Rank, Rao, et al., 1965
Rank, D.H.; Rao, B.S.; Wiggins, T.A., Molecular constants of HCl³⁵, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1965, 17, 122. [all data]

Hansler and Oetjen, 1953
Hansler, R.L.; Oetjen, R.A., The infrared spectra of HCl, DCl, HBr, and NH₃ in the region from 40 to 140 microns, J. Chem. Phys., 1953, 21, 1340. [all data]

Jones and Gordy, 1964
Jones, G.; Gordy, W., Extension of submillimeter wave spectroscopy below a half-millimeter wavelength, Phys. Rev., 1964, 135, 295. [all data]

Rosenberg, Lightman, et al., 1972
Rosenberg, A.; Lightman, A.; Ben-Reuven, A., Interferometric measurements of the pure rotational spectra of HCl and DCl, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1972, 12, 219. [all data]

Kaiser, 1970
Kaiser, E.W., Dipole moment and hyperfine parameters of H³⁵Cl and D³⁵Cl, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 1686. [all data]

de Leeuw and Dymanus, 1973
de Leeuw, F.H.; Dymanus, A., Magnetic properties and molecular quadrupole moment of HF and HCl by molecular-beam electric-resonance spectroscopy, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1973, 48, 427. [all data]

Code, Khosla, et al., 1968
Code, R.F.; Khosla, A.; Ozier, I.; Ramsey, N.F.; Yi, P.N., Nuclear magnetic hyperfine spectra of H³⁵Cl and H³⁷Cl, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 49, 1895. [all data]

Boursey, 1975
Boursey, E., Electronic excitation of HCl trapped in inert matrices, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 3353. [all data]

Tilford and Ginter, 1971
Tilford, S.G.; Ginter, M.L., Electronic spectra and structure of the hydrogen halides: states associated with the (σ²π³) cπ and (σ²π³) cσ configurations of HCl and DCl, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1971, 40, 568. [all data]

Bunker, 1972
Bunker, P.R., On the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation for a diatomic molecule, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1972, 5, 478. [all data]

Rank, Birtley, et al., 1960
Rank, D.H.; Birtley, W.B.; Eastman, D.P.; Rao, B.S.; Wiggins, T.A., Precise measurements of some infrared bands of hydrogen chloride, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1960, 50, 1275. [all data]

Mould, Price, et al., 1960
Mould, H.M.; Price, W.C.; Wilkinson, G.R., Infra-red emission from gases excited by a radio-frequency discharge, Spectrochim. Acta, 1960, 16, 479. [all data]

Ogilvie and Koo, 1976
Ogilvie, J.F.; Koo, D., Dunham potential energy coefficients of the hydrogen halides and carbon monoxide, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1976, 61, 332-336. [all data]

Meyer and Rosmus, 1975
Meyer, W.; Rosmus, P., PNO-Cl and CEPA studies of electron correlation effects. III. Spectroscopic constants and dipole moment functions for the ground states of the first-row and second-row diatomic hydrides, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 2356. [all data]

Cade, Bader, et al., 1969
Cade, P.E.; Bader, R.F.W.; Henneker, W.H.; Keaveny, I., Molecular charge distributions and chemical binding. IV. The second-row diatomic hydrides AH, J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 50, 5313. [all data]

Plyler and Tidwell, 1960
Plyler, E.K.; Tidwell, E.D., The rotational constants of hydrogen chloride, Z. Elektrochem., 1960, 64, 717. [all data]

Levy, Rossi, et al., 1965
Levy, A.; Rossi, I.; Joffrin, C.; Van Thanh, N., Spectre de vibration-rotation de l'acide chlorhydrique gazeux. Etude de la bande v_0→2 a 1,7 micron, J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol., 1965, 62, 600. [all data]

Levy, Rossi, et al., 1966
Levy, A.; Rossi, I.; Haeusler, C., Constantes de vibration-rotation de l'acide chlorhydrique gazeux etude des bandes v_o→2 et v_o→3, J. Phys. (Paris), 1966, 27, 526. [all data]

Webb and Rao, 1968
Webb, D.U.; Rao, K.N., Vibration rotation bands of heated hydrogen halides, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1968, 28, 121. [all data]

Herman and Asgharian, 1966
Herman, R.M.; Asgharian, A., Finite nuclear mass effects on the centrifugal stretching constant in H³⁵Cl, J. Chem. Phys., 1966, 45, 2433. [all data]

Watson, 1973
Watson, J.K.G., The isotope dependence of the equilibrium rotational constants in ¹Σ states of diatomic molecules, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1973, 45, 99. [all data]

Chamberlain and Gebbie, 1965
Chamberlain, J.E.; Gebbie, H.A., Sub-millimetre dispersion and rotational line strengths of the hydrogen halides, Nature (London), 1965, 208, 480. [all data]

Sanderson, 1967
Sanderson, R.B., Measurement of rotational line strengths in HCl by asymmetric Fourier transform techniques, Appl. Opt., 1967, 6, 1527. [all data]

Rank, Eastman, et al., 1960
Rank, D.H.; Eastman, D.P.; Birtley, W.B.; Wiggins, T.A., Perturbation of molecular rotation-vibration energy levels by rare gases, J. Chem. Phys., 1960, 33, 323. [all data]

Ben-Reuven, Kimel, et al., 1961
Ben-Reuven, A.; Kimel, S.; Hirshfeld, M.A.; Jaffe, J.H., Theory and measurement of pressure-induced shifts of HCl lines due to noble gases, J. Chem. Phys., 1961, 35, 955. [all data]

Gebbie and Stone, 1963
Gebbie, H.A.; Stone, N.W.B., Measurement of widths and shifts of pure rotation lines of hydrogen chloride perturbed by rare gases, Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1963, 82, 309. [all data]

Jaffe, Friedmann, et al., 1963
Jaffe, J.H.; Friedmann, H.; Hirshfeld, M.A.; Ben-Reuven, A., Pressure-induced shifts of molecular lines in emission and in absorption, J. Chem. Phys., 1963, 39, 1447. [all data]

Jaffe, Hirshfeld, et al., 1964
Jaffe, J.H.; Hirshfeld, M.A.; Ben-Reuven, A., Pressure-induced shifts of DCl lines due to HCl: shift oscillation, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 40, 1705. [all data]

Atwood, Vu, et al., 1967
Atwood, M.R.; Vu, H.; Vodar, B., Forme et structures fines de la bande induite par la pression dans la bande fondamentale de vibration-rotation des molecules HF, HCl et HBr, Spectrochim. Acta, 1967, 23, 553. [all data]

Weiss and Cole, 1967
Weiss, S.; Cole, R.H., Pressure-induced rotational quadrupole spectra of HCl and HBr, J. Chem. Phys., 1967, 46, 644. [all data]

Benedict, Herman, et al., 1956
Benedict, W.S.; Herman, R.; Moore, G.E.; Silverman, S., The strengths, widths, and shapes of infrared lines. II. The HCl fundamental, Can. J. Phys., 1956, 34, 850. [all data]

Babrov, Ameer, et al., 1959
Babrov, H.; Ameer, G.; Benesch, W., Line strengths and widths in the HCl fundamental band, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1959, 3, 185. [all data]

Goldring and Benesch, 1962
Goldring, H.; Benesch, W., Widths of HCl overtone lines at various temperatures, Can. J. Phys., 1962, 40, 1801. [all data]

Jaffe, Kimel, et al., 1962
Jaffe, J.H.; Kimel, S.; Hirshfeld, M.A., Refraction spectrum of gases in the infrared intensities and widths of lines in the 2-0 band of HCl, Can. J. Phys., 1962, 40, 113. [all data]

Plyler and Thibault, 1962
Plyler, E.K.; Thibault, R.J., Foreign gas broadening of the lines of hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand. Sect. A, 1962, 66, 435. [all data]

Alamichel and Legay, 1966
Alamichel, C.; Legay, F., Etude de la dispersion dans le doublet isotopique R2 de la premiere bande harmonique de vibration-rotation de HCl, J. Phys. (Paris), 1966, 27, 233. [all data]

Levy, Mariel-Piollet, et al., 1970
Levy, A.; Mariel-Piollet, E.; Bouanich, J.-P.; Haeusler, C., Spectre de vibration-rotation du gaz chlorhydrique comprime. Intensites et largeurs de raies dans la bande v_0-2, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1970, 10, 203. [all data]

Toth, Hunt, et al., 1970
Toth, R.A.; Hunt, R.H.; Plyler, E.K., Line strengths, line widths, and dipole moment function for HCl, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1970, 35, 110. [all data]

Rich and Welsh, 1971
Rich, N.H.; Welsh, H.L., Measurement of the pressure broadening of the rotational Raman lines of HCl, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1971, 11, 292. [all data]

Katz and Ron, 1970
Katz, B.; Ron, A., Far infrared spectra of HCl and DCl in a nitrogen matrix, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1970, 7, 357. [all data]

Khatibi and Vu, 1972
Khatibi, P.; Vu, H., Spectres d'absorption infrarouge de HCl et de HBr en phases denses. I. Spectres dans le fondamental de vibration-rotation, J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol., 1972, 69, 654. [all data]

Smith, 1973
Smith, F.G., Dipole moment function and vibration-rotation matrix elements of HCl³⁵ and DCl³⁵, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1973, 13, 717. [all data]

Bunker, 1973
Bunker, P.R., The breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation for a diatomic molecule: the dipole moment and nuclear quadrupole coupling constants, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1973, 45, 151. [all data]

Kaiser, 1974
Kaiser, E.W., Note: Comment to "Dipole moment function and vibration-rotation matrix elements of HCl³⁵ and DCl³⁵", J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1974, 14, 317. [all data]

Tokuhiro, 1967
Tokuhiro, T., Vibrational and rotational effects on the nuclear quadrupole coupling constants in hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium halides, J. Chem. Phys., 1967, 47, 109. [all data]

Leavitt, Baker, et al., 1961
Leavitt, J.A.; Baker, M.R.; Nelson, H.M.; Ramsey, N.F., Proton radio-frequency spectrum of HCl³⁵, Phys. Rev., 1961, 124, 1482. [all data]

Frost, McDowell, et al., 1967
Frost, D.C.; McDowell, C.A.; Vroom, D.A., Photoelectron spectra of the halogens and the hydrogen halides, J. Chem. Phys., 1967, 46, 4255. [all data]

Lempka, Passmore, et al., 1968
Lempka, H.J.; Passmore, T.R.; Price, W.C., The photoelectron spectra and ionized states of the halogen acids, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1968, A304, 53. [all data]

Weiss, Lawrence, et al., 1970
Weiss, M.J.; Lawrence, G.M.; Young, R.A., Photoelectron spectroscopy of HCI and DCI using molecular beams, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 52, 2867. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Nicholson, 1965
Nicholson, A.J.C., Photoionization-efficiency curves. II. False and genuine structure, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 43, 1171. [all data]

Huber and Herzberg, 1979
Huber, K.P.; Herzberg, G., Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure. IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1979, 716. [all data]

Notes

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Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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