Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-

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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C9H12+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)8.73 ± 0.02eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)791.6kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity763.9kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.72EIMcLoughlin, Morrison, et al., 1979LLK
8.725 ± 0.008EQLias and Ausloos, 1978LLK
8.69 ± 0.01PIWatanabe, 1957RDSH
~8.76SHammond, Price, et al., 1950RDSH
8.71PEHowell, Goncalves, et al., 1984Vertical value; LBLHLM
8.75PEShudo, Kobayashi, et al., 1977Vertical value; LLK
8.98PEBruckmann and Klessinger, 1974Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C7H7+9.91C2H5EIMcLoughlin, Morrison, et al., 1979LLK
C8H9+10.02CH3EIMcLoughlin, Morrison, et al., 1979LLK
C8H9+10.65CH3EIHowe and Williams, 1969RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C9H11- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-

By formula: C9H11- + H+ = C9H12

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1585. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1560. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

Chlorine anion + Benzene, (1-methylethyl)- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-)

By formula: Cl- + C9H12 = (Cl- • C9H12)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr23.0kJ/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
21.300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

Nitric oxide anion + Benzene, (1-methylethyl)- = (Nitric oxide anion • Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-)

By formula: NO- + C9H12 = (NO- • C9H12)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr189.kJ/molICRReents and Freiser, 1981gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1990.
NIST MS number 114201

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Kuskov, et al., 1963
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 20005
Instrument unknown
Boiling point 152.4

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-10160.909.1Chen, Liang, et al., 2001He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryHP-10160.909.82Garay, 200050. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, H2
CapillaryOV-1150.930.Zhang, Chen, et al., 199725. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2
CapillaryOV-1150.930.Zhang, Chen, et al., 199725. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2
CapillaryOV-101150.935.1Cha and Lee, 1994Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillaryOV-101180.942.5Cha and Lee, 1994Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
PackedSqualane100.908.Hongwei and Zhide, 1992H2, Silanized white support (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m
CapillaryHP-160.909.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-160.909.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-1100.919.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-1100.919.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-1100.919.5Matisová and Kurán, 199052. m/0.25 mm/0.38 μm, N2
CapillaryOV-1100.919.2Matisová and Kurán, 199052. m/0.25 mm/0.38 μm, H2
CapillaryPONA100.920.1Matisová and Kurán, 199050. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, H2
CapillaryOV-190.920.7Maurer, Engewald, et al., 1990Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.919.Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Matisová, Kovacicová, et al., 1989He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillarySqualane50.892.9Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillarySqualane70.898.2Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Engewald, Topalova, et al., 1987Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.919.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.919.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-101110.922.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-10190.916.Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillarySqualane106.907.Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983He; Column length: 100. m
CapillarySqualane96.905.Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983He; Column length: 100. m
CapillaryDB-160.909.3Lubeck and Sutton, 1983Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm
CapillaryDB-160.909.8Lubeck and Sutton, 198360. m/0.259 mm/1. μm
CapillarySE-3070.911.3Tóth, 1983N2; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSE-30100.921.Winskowski, 1983Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m
CapillarySE-30130.929.Bredael, 1982Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3080.915.Bredael, 1982Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.926.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
CapillaryOV-101140.932.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
CapillarySqualane86.904.1Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane96.906.7Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.4Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.925.6Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-101140.931.8Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillarySE-3080.915.5Albaigés and Guardino, 1980He; Column length: 64. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane80.900.3Albaigés and Guardino, 1980He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane100.907.Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980He, Chromaton N-AW-HMDS; Column length: 1. m
CapillarySqualane86.903.4Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979N2; Column length: 50. m
CapillarySqualane86.903.9Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979N2; Column length: 50. m
CapillarySqualane86.904.1Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979N2; Column length: 50. m
CapillarySqualane86.904.1Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane96.906.7Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane100.908.Engewald and Wennrich, 1976N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
PackedSqualane100.939.Evans and Newton, 1976N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m
PackedSqualane100.939.Evans and Newton, 1976N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m
PackedSqualane100.939.Evans and Newton, 1976N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m
CapillarySqualane100.902.Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane100.902.Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane80.901.00Soják and Rijks, 1976H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSE-30110.922.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m
PackedSE-30120.927.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m
PackedSE-30130.930.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m
PackedSE-30140.932.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m
CapillarySE-30130.929.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-30140.932.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-30150.935.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-30160.937.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-30170.940.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-3065.910.1Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.910.1Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.910.1Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.910.1Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.910.1Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.910.1Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySqualane100.908.0Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974He; Column length: 10.5 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)35.905.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)45.908.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)50.911.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)58.913.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)68.916.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
PackedApiezon L100.915.Wagaman and Smith, 1971CH4; Column length: 3. m
CapillarySqualane80.903.1Wallaert, 1971Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane115.910.8Soják and Bucinská, 1970N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
CapillarySqualane86.903.5Soják and Bucinská, 1970N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
PackedApiezon L100.932.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m
PackedApiezon L120.940.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m
PackedApiezon L140.947.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m
PackedApiezon L80.924.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m
PackedSqualane120.909.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
PackedSqualane140.915.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5932.Buchin, Salmon, et al., 200260. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-5925.1Wang, Fingas, et al., 199430. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 300. C
CapillarySE-54917.Rembold, Wallner, et al., 198930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 0. C @ 12. min, 12. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryOV-101909.Hayes and Pitzer, 1982110. m/0.25 mm/0.20 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryApiezon L927.Louis, 1971N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-1911.Borse, Jagan Mohan Rao, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 2C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 220C (7min)
CapillaryPetrocol DH-100912.2Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min)
CapillaryDB-1912.Hoekman, 199360. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min
CapillarySqualane910.Papazova and Pankova, 1975N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M150.1158.Egazaryants and Maximov, 1998He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillaryPEG-20M70.1176.9Tóth, 1983N2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
PackedCarbowax 20M115.1202.1Ellis and Still, 1979Chromosorb G
PackedCarbowax 20M115.1203.6Ellis and Still, 1979Chromosorb G
CapillaryCarbowax 20M100.1169.8Engewald and Wennrich, 1976N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
CapillaryCarbowax 20M90.1154.9Döring, Estel, et al., 1974Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
PackedPEG-2000152.1232.Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedPEG-2000179.1236.Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedPolyethylene Glycol 4000100.1198.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
PackedPolyethylene Glycol 4000120.1205.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
PackedPolyethylene Glycol 4000140.1213.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
PackedPolyethylene Glycol 400080.1191.Bonastre and Grenier, 1967Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS927.Elmore, Cooper, et al., 20050. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryPetrocol DH914.3Censullo, Jones, et al., 200350. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-5919.4Song, Lai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-5922.2Song, Lai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-5923.6Song, Lai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-1906.9Sun and Stremple, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 325. C
CapillaryDB-5930.3Xu, van Stee, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryHP-5929.Couladis, Tsortanidou, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 380. C
CapillaryHP-5926.Isidorov, Krajewska, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryOV-101910.8Yin, Liu, et al., 2001N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 130. C
CapillarySE-54928.7Kivi-Etelätalo, Kostiainen, et al., 199750. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillaryPONA907.2Martos, Saraullo, et al., 199750. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min
CapillaryPONA907.9Martos, Saraullo, et al., 199750. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min
CapillaryDB-5919.4Lai and Song, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-5922.2Lai and Song, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-5923.6Lai and Song, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-1913.Peng, Hua, et al., 199230. m/0.32 mm/1.5 μm, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH909.43White, Douglas, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH909.62White, Douglas, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH910.White, Hackett, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryUltra-2934.3Akporhonor, le Vent, et al., 199025. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2, 15. K/min; Tstart: 60.01 C
CapillaryUltra-2929.2Akporhonor, le Vent, et al., 199025. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 60.01 C
CapillaryUltra-2931.6Akporhonor, le Vent, et al., 199025. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2, 7. K/min; Tstart: 60.01 C
CapillaryUltra-2946.5Akporhonor, le Vent, et al., 199025. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2, 15. K/min; Tstart: 120.01 C
CapillaryUltra-2941.6Akporhonor, le Vent, et al., 199025. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 120.01 C
CapillaryUltra-2944.9Akporhonor, le Vent, et al., 199025. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2, 7. K/min; Tstart: 120.01 C
CapillaryDB-5920.Morinaga, Hara, et al., 199015. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 90. C
CapillarySE-54914.9Shapi and Hesso, 199025. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
CapillaryUltra-1909.07Steward and Pitzer, 198850. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryHP-1910.7Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 10. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryHP-1906.Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryHP-1905.1Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 30. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
CapillarySE-30911.3Krupcík, Repka, et al., 198760. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, H2, 1. K/min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillaryOV-101909.Hayes and Pitzer, 1981108. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB925.Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
CapillaryMethyl Silicone936.10Hassoun, Pilling, et al., 199950. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C(2min) => 49.9C/min => 35C(10min) => 3C/min => 200C(2min) => 40C/min => 240C(30min)
CapillaryDB-1910.Mattinen, Tuominen, et al., 199530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 210C(30min)
PackedSE-30923.Peng, Ding, et al., 1988Supelcoport; Chromosorb; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 200C or 250C (60min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1161.Mahadevan and Farmer, 200660. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillarySupelcowax-101182.Elmore, Nisyrios, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryCarbowax1192.3Censullo, Jones, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 50. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101177.Chung, 199960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1181.Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 199460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1166.Peng, Hua, et al., 199230. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.932.Chen and Feng, 2006 
CapillaryOV-101100.918.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryOV-101100.919.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 199550. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Tian, 1993Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.920.Tian, 1993Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.925.Tian, 1993Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.926.Tian, 1993Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-10132.903.Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
CapillaryOV-10180.917.Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
CapillarySqualane95.4903.Sojak and Vigdergauz, 1978H2
CapillarySqualane110.910.Papazova and Pankova, 1975N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedDC-400150.950.Anderson, 1968Helium, Gas-Pak (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3.0 m
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane110.925.Ferrand, 1962 

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB916.Bramston-Cook, 201360. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
CapillaryHP-5 MS922.Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 15. min
CapillaryPetrocol DH912.Supelco, 2012100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryVF-5 MS923.Leffingwell and Alford, 201160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryVF-5 MS926.Leffingwell and Alford, 201160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryPONA915.Zhang, Ding, et al., 200950. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillarySPB-5929.Vasta, Ratel, et al., 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
CapillaryRSL-200932.Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-1915.Palá-Paúl, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 200450. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; Tstart: 95. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-5923.Tellez, Khan, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-5956.Bos, Koulman, et al., 200230. m/0.249 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillaryDB-5MS954.Damon, Hernández, et al., 2002He, 50. C @ 2. min, 15. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryHP-5925.Isidorov and Jdanova, 20023. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-5927.Kobaisy, Tellez, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillarySPB-5926.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryBP-1919.Health Safety Executive, 200050. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1956.Koulman, 199925. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 290. C
CapillaryOV-1912.Orav, Kailas, et al., 19992. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 160. C
CapillaryOV-101908.Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999, 250. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 100. C
CapillaryHP-5930.7Wang and Fingas, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min
CapillarySP-2100926.Fischer and Kusch, 1993He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-1916.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199260. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB906.Hartgers, Damste, et al., 199225. m/0.32 mm/0.45 μm, He, 0. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 320. C @ 10. min
CapillaryOV-101938.Zenkevich and Ventura, 1991Helium, 50. C @ 0. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 0. min; Column length: 54. m; Column diameter: 0.26 mm
CapillaryDB-1961.Habu, Flath, et al., 19853. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillarySE-30910.Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Tend: 170. C
PackedApiezon L915.Dahlmann, Köser, et al., 1979Chromosorb G-AW-DMCS, 10. K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 25. C
CapillarySF-96916.Donetzhuber, Johansson, et al., 1976Nitrogen, 3. K/min, 130. C @ 40. min; Column length: 111. m; Column diameter: 0.76 mm; Initial hold: 8. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5 MS914.Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups924.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups927.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5 MS931.Cajka, Hajslova, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (0.75 min) 10 0C/min -> 200 0C 30 0C/min -> 245 0C (1.25 min)
CapillaryDB-5919.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5919.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5919.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5919.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5919.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5919.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5919.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5919.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5920.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5922.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5922.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5923.Pellicer, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone920.Blunden, Aneja, et al., 200560. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (7.75 min) 25 0C -> 225 0C (8 min)
CapillaryOV-101920.Zhu and Wang, 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1909.Zhu and Wang, 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone914.Zenkevich, 1999Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-1925.Flanagan, Streete, et al., 199760. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone914.Zenkevich and Tsibulskaya, 1997Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1923.Peng, 199630. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (1 min) 5 0C/min -> 280 0C (20 min)
CapillarySE-30911.Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996Program: not specified
CapillarySE-30920.Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5919.Sorimachi, Tanabe, et al., 1995He; Column length: 30. m; Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone914.Zenkevich, 1995Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1908.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-101919.Dimov, Osman, et al., 1994Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1908.Ciccioli, Brancaleoni, et al., 199360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 3 min at 5 C; 5 - 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 - 220 C at 5 deg/min
CapillaryDB-1912.Hathcock and Bertsch, 1993100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm; Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-1925.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
CapillarySPB-1905.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillarySqualane907.5Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989Program: not specified
CapillarySE-52933.van Langenhove and Schamp, 1986Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.906.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.913.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.915.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.921.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1905.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone919.Bonchev, Mekenjan, et al., 1979Program: not specified
PackedSE-30929.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C910min) => 20C/min => 90(6min) => 10C/min => 150C(hold)
PackedSqualane904.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min => 35 => 4C/min => 95C(hold)
PackedSE-30929.Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C(10min) => 20C/min(2min) => 90C(6min) => 10C/min(6min) => (hold at 150C)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryPEG-40M100.1186.Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000Column length: 50. m
CapillaryPEG-40M100.1189.Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000Column length: 50. m
CapillaryPEG-40M120.1200.Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000Column length: 50. m
CapillaryPEG-40M140.1211.Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000Column length: 50. m
CapillaryPEG-40M160.1225.Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000Column length: 50. m
CapillaryPEG-40M60.1169.Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000Column length: 50. m
CapillaryPEG-40M80.1179.Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000Column length: 50. m
CapillaryCarbowax 20M90.1155.Sutter, Peterson, et al., 1997 

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-Innowax1168.Feng, Zhuang, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillaryBP-201185.Rawat, Gulati, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 70. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1168.Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1172.Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1150.Herain, MRAVEC, et al., 199170. C @ 21. min, 5. K/min, 150. C @ 999. min

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-Innowax1171.Feng, Zhuang, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryInnowax FSC1183.Baser K.H.C., Ozek G., et al., 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1155.Ivanciuc, Ivanciuc, et al., 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1182.Peng, 199630. m/0.53 mm/1.0 μm; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 4 0C/min -> 200 0C (20 min)
CapillaryPEG-20M1177.Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1182.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1164.Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.1161.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1162.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5134.Shao, Wang, et al., 200630. m/0.3 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

McLoughlin, Morrison, et al., 1979
McLoughlin, R.G.; Morrison, J.D.; Traeger, J.C., Photoionization of the C-1 - C-4 monosubstituted alkyl benzenes: Thermochemistry of [C7H7]+ and [C8H9]+ formation, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1979, 14, 104. [all data]

Lias and Ausloos, 1978
Lias, S.G.; Ausloos, P.J., eIonization energies of organic compounds by equilibrium measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 6027. [all data]

Watanabe, 1957
Watanabe, K., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 542. [all data]

Hammond, Price, et al., 1950
Hammond, V.J.; Price, W.C.; Teegan, J.P.; Walsh, A.D., The absorption spectra of some substituted benzenes and naphthalenes in the vacuum ultra-violet, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 1950, 9, 53. [all data]

Howell, Goncalves, et al., 1984
Howell, J.O.; Goncalves, J.M.; Amatore, C.; Klasinc, L.; Wightman, R.M.; Kochi, J.K., Electron transfer from aromatic hydrocarbons and their π-complexes with metals. Comparison of the standard oxidation potentials and vertical ionization potentials, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 3968. [all data]

Shudo, Kobayashi, et al., 1977
Shudo, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Utsunomiya, C., Photoelectron spectral studies on the interaction of three-membered rings with aryl groups, Tetrahedron, 1977, 33, 1721. [all data]

Bruckmann and Klessinger, 1974
Bruckmann, P.; Klessinger, M., Photoelektronenspektren organischer verbindungen. V. Wechselwirkung kleiner ringe mit π-systemen, Chem. Ber., 1974, 107, 1108. [all data]

Howe and Williams, 1969
Howe, I.; Williams, D.H., Calculation and qualitative predictions of mass spectra. Mono- and paradisubstituted benzenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1969, 91, 7137. [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr., The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]

French, Ikuta, et al., 1982
French, M.A.; Ikuta, S.; Kebarle, P., Hydrogen bonding of O-H and C-H hydrogen donors to Cl-. Results from mass spectrometric measurement of the ion-molecule equilibria RH + Cl- = RHCl-, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 1907. [all data]

Reents and Freiser, 1981
Reents, W.D.; Freiser, B.S., Gas-Phase Binding Energies and Spectroscopic Properties of NO+ Charge-Transfer Complexes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 2791. [all data]

Farid and McMahon, 1978
Farid, R.; McMahon, T.B., Gas-Phase Ion-Molecule Reactions of Alkyl Nitrites by Ion Cyclotron Resonance Spectroscopy, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1978, 27, 2, 163, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(78)80037-0 . [all data]

Kuskov, et al., 1963
Kuskov, M.M., et al., Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Aromatic Hydrocarbons, 1963, 45. [all data]

Chen, Liang, et al., 2001
Chen, J.P.; Liang, X.M.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, L.F., Prediction of GC retention values under various column temperature conditions from temperature programmed data, Chromatographia, 2001, 53, 9/10, 539-547, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02491619 . [all data]

Garay, 2000
Garay, F., Application of a flow-tunable, serially coupled gas chromatographic capillary column system for the analysis of complex mixtures, Chromatographia Sup., 2000, 51, 1, s108-s120, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02492792 . [all data]

Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997
Zhang, M.; Chen, B.; Shen, S.; Chen, S., Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by g.c.-FT-i.r. analysis of middle oil fractions, Fuel, 1997, 76, 5, 415-423, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(97)85518-4 . [all data]

Cha and Lee, 1994
Cha, K.-W.; Lee, D.-J., Prediction of retention indices of various compounds in gas-liquid chromatography, J. Korean Chem. Soc., 1994, 38, 2, 108-120, retrieved from http://journal.kcsnet.or.kr/publi/dh/dh94n2/108.pdf. [all data]

Hongwei and Zhide, 1992
Hongwei, Z.; Zhide, H., Utilization of total solubility parameter for calculating retention indices of alkylbenzenes, Chromatographia, 1992, 33, 11/12, 575-580, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02262251 . [all data]

Zhang, Li, et al., 1992
Zhang, M.J.; Li, S.D.; Chen, B.J., Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by GC/FTIR analysis of light oil fractions, Chromatographia, 1992, 33, 3/4, 138-146, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275894 . [all data]

Matisová and Kurán, 1990
Matisová, E.; Kurán, P., Reproducibility of retention indices measurement of alkylbenzenes on crosslinked methyl silicone phase fused silica capillaries, Chromatographia, 1990, 30, 5/6, 328-332, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02319717 . [all data]

Maurer, Engewald, et al., 1990
Maurer, T.; Engewald, W.; Steinborn, A., Enhanced possibilities for identification using series-coupled capillary gas chromatographic columns. II. Retention indices as an identification tool in selectivity tuning, J. Chromatogr., 1990, 517, 77-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)95711-5 . [all data]

Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989
Dimov, N.; Mekenyan, Ov., Quantitative Relationships Between the Structure of Alkylbenzenes and Their Gas Chromatographic Retention on Stationary Phasses with Different Polarity, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 471, 227-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)94170-0 . [all data]

Matisová, Kovacicová, et al., 1989
Matisová, E.; Kovacicová, E.; Ha, P.T.; Kolek, E.; Engewald, W., Identification of alkylbenzenes up to C12 by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. II. Retention indices on OV-101 columns and retention-molecular structure correlations, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 475, 2, 113-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)89667-9 . [all data]

Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
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Notes

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