Benzene, (trifluoromethyl)-

• Formula: C₇H₅F₃
• Molecular weight: 146.1098
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C7H5F3/c8-7(9,10)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 98-08-8
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Toluene, α,α,α-trifluoro-; α,α,α-Trifluorotoluene; (Trifluoromethyl)benzene; Benzenyl fluoride; Benzotrifluoride; Benzylidyne fluoride; Phenylfluoroform; USAF MA-16; UN 2338; alpha,alpha,alpha-Trifluorotoluene; NSC 8038; Trifluoro(phenyl)methane
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• Information on this page:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH = A exp(-βT_r) (1 − T_r)^β
    Δ_vapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    T_r = reduced temperature (T / T_c)

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Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of sublimation

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₇H₄F₃^- +  =

By formula: C₇H₄F₃^- + H⁺ = C₇H₅F₃

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Good, Lacina, et al., 1964
Good, W.D.; Lacina, J.L.; DePrater, B.L.; McCullough, J.P., A new approach to the combustion calorimetry of silicon and organosilicon compounds. Heats of formation of quartz, fluorosilicic acid, and hexamethyldisiloxane, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 579-586. [all data]

Swarts, 1919
Swarts, F., Etudes thermochimiques sur les combinaisons organiques fluorees, J. Chim. Phys., 1919, 17, 3-70. [all data]

Scott, Douslin, et al., 1959
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Kincheloe, T.C.; McCullough, J.P., Benzotrifluoride: chemical thermodynamic properties and internal rotation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1959, 81, 1015-1017. [all data]

Dreisbach, 1955
Dreisbach, R.R., Physical Properties of Chemical Compounds, Advances in Chemistry Series No. 15, Am. Chem. Soc.: Washington, D. C., 1955. [all data]

Scott, Douslin, et al., 1959, 2
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Kincheloe, T.C.; McCullough, J.P., Benzotrifluoride: Chemical Thermodynamic Prop. and Internal Rotation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1959, 81, 1015-20. [all data]

McCullough and Waddington, 1957
McCullough, J.P.; Waddington, G., Melting-point purity determinations: limitations as evidenced by calorimetric studies in the melting region, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1957, 17, 80. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Basarová and Svoboda, 1991
Basarová, Pavlína; Svoboda, Václav, Calculation of heats of vaporization of halogenated hydrocarbons from saturated vapour pressure data, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1991, 68, 13-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(91)85008-I . [all data]

Scott, Douslin, et al., 1959, 3
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Kincheloe, T.C.; McCullough, J.P., Benzotrifluoride: Chemical thermodynamic properties and internal rotation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1959, 81, 1015-10. [all data]

Dykyj, Svoboda, et al., 1999
Dykyj, J.; Svoboda, J.; Wilhoit, R.C.; Frenkel, M.L.; Hall, K.R., Vapor Pressure of Chemicals: Part A. Vapor Pressure and Antoine Constants for Hydrocarbons and Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium and Hydrogen Containing Organic Compounds, Springer, Berlin, 1999, 373. [all data]

Jadot and Fraiha, 1992
Jadot, Roger; Fraiha, Mustapha, Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium of (trifluoromethyl)benzene with benzene, toluene, or chlorobenzene, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1992, 37, 4, 509-511, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00008a031 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Potter and Saylor, 1951
Potter, John C.; Saylor, John H., The Vapor Pressures and Freezing Points of Some Organic Fluorine Compounds ^1,2, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1951, 73, 1, 90-91, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01145a032 . [all data]

Dykyj and Vanko, 1970
Dykyj, J.; Vanko, A., Petrochemica, 1970, 10, 1, 3. [all data]

Scott, Douslin, et al., 1959, 4
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Kincheloe, T.C.; McCullough, J.P., Benzotrifluoride: Chemical Thermodynamic Properties and Internal Rotation ¹, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1959, 81, 5, 1015-1020, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01514a001 . [all data]

Mousa, 1985
Mousa, A.H.N., The vapour pressures and saturated volumes of benzotrifluoride in the temperature range 460--530K., Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 1985, 30, 1, 29-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1139(00)80520-5 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

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Field, Frank H.; Saylor, John H., The Vapor Pressures of Some Organic Fluorides ^1,2, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 12, 2649-2650, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01216a068 . [all data]

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Sears, G.W.; Hopke, E.R., The Vapor Pressure of Benzotrifluoride Measured by the Rodebush Manometer, J. Phys. Chem., 1948, 52, 7, 1137-1142, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150463a004 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

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Ahmed, A.M.I.; Eades, R.G., Proton magnetic relaxation in toluene and some derivatives, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2, 1972, 68, 1623, https://doi.org/10.1039/f29726801623 . [all data]

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Desfrancois, C.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Khelifa, N.; Schermann, J.P., Fork 1/r to 1/r2 Potentials: Electron Exchange between Rydberg Atoms and Polar Molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994, 73, 18, 2436, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.2436 . [all data]

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Berman, Bomse, et al., 1981
Berman, D.W.; Bomse, D.S.; Beauchamp, J.L., Photoionization threshold measurements for CF₂ loss from perfluoropropylene, Perfluorocyclopropane, and trifluoromethylbenzene. The heat of formation of CF₂ and the potential energy surface for C₃F₆ neutrals and ions, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1981, 39, 263. [all data]

Lias and Ausloos, 1978
Lias, S.G.; Ausloos, P.J., eIonization energies of organic compounds by equilibrium measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 6027. [all data]

Behan, Johnstone, et al., 1976
Behan, J.M.; Johnstone, R.A.W.; Bentley, T.W., An evaluation of empirical methods for calculating the ionization potentials of substituted benzenes, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1976, 11, 207. [all data]

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Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

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Kiefer, J.H.; Zhang, Q.; Kern, R.D.; Yao, J.; Jursic, B., Pyrolysis of Aromatic Azines: Pyrazine, Pyrimidine, and Pyridine, J. Phys. Chem. A, 1997, 101, 38, 7061, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp970211z . [all data]

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Bartmess, J.E.; McIver Jr., The Gas Phase Acidity Scale in Gas Phase Ion Chemistry, Gas Phase Ion Chemistry, V. 2, M.T. Bowers, Ed., Academic Press, NY, 1979, Ch. 11, Elsevier, 1979. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  EA	Electron affinity
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔsubH	Enthalpy of sublimation
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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