Pentane, 3-methyl-

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-171.6 ± 0.96kJ/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas382.88 ± 0.67J/mol*KN/AFinke H.L., 1973The entropy values S(323.8 K)=397.46 and S(336.5 K)=400.66 J/mol*K were calculated by [ Scott D.W., 1974] from the experimental data [ Finke H.L., 1973].; GT

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
98.91200.Scott D.W., 1974, 2Recommended values were obtained from the consistent correlation scheme for alkanes [ Scott D.W., 1974, Scott D.W., 1974, 2]. This approach gives a better agreement with experimental data than the statistical thermodynamics calculation [ Pitzer K.S., 1946] (see also [ Waddington G., 1949]).; GT
129.83273.15
140.1 ± 0.4298.15
140.88300.
181.17400.
217.48500.
248.95600.
275.73700.
298.74800.
318.82900.
335.981000.
351.041100.
364.011200.
376.561300.
384.931400.
397.481500.

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
154.31332.10Waddington G., 1949GT
168.41367.55
181.71402.35
194.64436.20
207.32471.15

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid-202.0 ± 0.96kJ/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-4159.9 ± 0.88kJ/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945Corresponding Δfliquid = -201.9 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid292.5J/mol*KN/AFinke and Messerly, 1973Thermodynamic properties calculated from a Debye function at 10 K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
191.16298.15Ohnishi, Fujihara, et al., 1989DH
190.99298.15`Benson and D'Arcy, 1986DH
190.86298.15Benson, D'Arcy, et al., 1984DH
190.77298.15Aicart, Kumaran, et al., 1983DH
190.77298.15Benson, D'Arcy, et al., 1983DH
187.1288.19Oguni, Watanabe, et al., 1982T = 80 to 370 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum. Heat capacity measured as a check of the calorimeter's performance.; DH
186.8298.95Czarnota, 1980DH
190.67298.15Finke and Messerly, 1973T = 10 to 330 K.; DH
187.36298.1Stull, 1937T = 90 to 320 K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Cp,solid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
190.83298.15Douslin and Huffman, 1946T = 13 to 300 K.; DH

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil336.4 ± 0.4KAVGN/AAverage of 53 out of 57 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus155.15KN/AHoog, Smittenberg, et al., 1937Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Tfus155.15KN/ABruun and Hicks-Brunn, 1930Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple110.25KN/AFinke and Messerly, 1973, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.006 K; by extrapolation of 1/f to 0; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc504. ± 4.KAVGN/AAverage of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc31.1 ± 0.6barAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.368l/molN/ADaubert, 1996 
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc2.72 ± 0.02mol/lN/ADaubert, 1996 
ρc2.72mol/lN/AGenco, Teja, et al., 1980Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.06 mol/l; TRC
ρc2.73mol/lN/AKay, 1946Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 mol/l; by extrapolation of rectilinear diameter to Tc; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap30.3 ± 0.2kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
28.06336.4N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
29.9331.N/ALoras, Aucejo, et al., 1999Based on data from 316. to 361. K.; AC
30.5308.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 293. to 338. K.; AC
29.5 ± 0.1313.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1979AC
28.3 ± 0.1333.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1979AC
27.0 ± 0.1353.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1979AC
30.00 ± 0.008303.1CWaddington, Smith, et al., 1949ALS
30.0 ± 0.1303.CWaddington, Smith, et al., 1949AC
28.8 ± 0.1324.CWaddington, Smith, et al., 1949AC
28.1 ± 0.1336.CWaddington, Smith, et al., 1949AC
30.2303.MMWillingham, Taylor, et al., 1945Based on data from 288. to 337. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-αTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) 298. to 353.
A (kJ/mol) 45.24
α 0.
β 0.2703
Tc (K) 504.4
ReferenceMajer and Svoboda, 1985

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference
288.44 to 337.233.973771152.368-46.021Williamham, Taylor, et al., 1945

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
5.31110.3Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
5.3032110.26crystaline, IliquidFinke and Messerly, 1973DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔStrs (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
48.101110.26crystaline, IliquidFinke and Messerly, 1973DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Hydrogen + 1-Pentene, 3-methyl- = Pentane, 3-methyl-

By formula: H2 + C6H12 = C6H14

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-124.6 ± 0.54kJ/molChydRogers, Crooks, et al., 1987liquid phase
Δr-125.8 ± 2.6kJ/molChydMolnar, Rachford, et al., 1984liquid phase; solvent: Dioxane
Δr-128.1 ± 1.8kJ/molChydMolnar, Rachford, et al., 1984liquid phase; solvent: Hexane

n-Hexane = Pentane, 3-methyl-

By formula: C6H14 = C6H14

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-3.2 ± 0.79kJ/molCisoProsen and Rossini, 1941liquid phase; Calculated from ΔHc

Hydrogen + 2-Pentene, 3-methyl-, (Z)- = Pentane, 3-methyl-

By formula: H2 + C6H12 = C6H14

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-110.6 ± 0.44kJ/molChydRogers, Crooks, et al., 1987liquid phase

Hydrogen + 2-Pentene, 3-methyl-, (E)- = Pentane, 3-methyl-

By formula: H2 + C6H12 = C6H14

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-110.1 ± 0.56kJ/molChydRogers, Crooks, et al., 1987liquid phase

Hydrogen + Pentane, 3-methylene- = Pentane, 3-methyl-

By formula: H2 + C6H12 = C6H14

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-115.8 ± 0.36kJ/molChydRogers, Crooks, et al., 1987liquid phase

2Hydrogen + 1,3-Butadiene, 2-ethyl- = Pentane, 3-methyl-

By formula: 2H2 + C6H10 = C6H14

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-236.kJ/molChydRoth, Adamczak, et al., 1991liquid phase

Pentane, 2-methyl- = Pentane, 3-methyl-

By formula: C6H14 = C6H14

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr0.92 ± 0.46kJ/molEqkRoganov, Kabo, et al., 1972gas phase; At 368 K

Henry's Law data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
0.00088 QN/A missing citation give several references for the Henry's law constants but don't assign them to specific species.
0.00059 LN/A 
0.00059 VN/A 

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
10.04ESTLuo and Pacey, 1992LL
9.82EQLias, Ausloos, et al., 1976LLK
10.08PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C4H8+10.58 ± 0.015C2H6PISteiner, Giese, et al., 1961RDSH
C4H9+10.95 ± 0.07C2H5PISteiner, Giese, et al., 1961RDSH
C5H10+10.70 ± 0.055CH4PISteiner, Giese, et al., 1961RDSH
C5H11+10.86 ± 0.085CH3PISteiner, Giese, et al., 1961RDSH

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-1215
NIST MS number 227827

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-10140.582.8Chen, Liang, et al., 2001He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-10160.583.7Chen, Liang, et al., 2001He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane100.585.Heinzen, Soares, et al., 1999 
CapillaryOV-1010.581.Skrbic, 1997 
CapillaryOV-1010.581.Skrbic, 1997 
PackedSqualane78.5586.2Zhang and Lu, 1996 
CapillaryCP Sil 260.583.8Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
CapillaryOV-101150.588.4Cha and Lee, 1994Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillaryOV-101180.590.1Cha and Lee, 1994Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySqualane25.583.Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994 
CapillaryDB-160.584.4Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994H2; Phase thickness: 0.25 μm
CapillaryPONA60.584.5Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 μm
CapillaryPONA60.584.6Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 μm
CapillaryDB-160.584.5Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994H2; Phase thickness: 1. μm
CapillaryOV-10160.584.2Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994H2; Phase thickness: 0.2 μm
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB20.583.Do and Raulin, 199225. m/0.15 mm/2. μm, H2
CapillaryBP-10.581.Skrbic and Cvejanov, 199215. m/0.53 mm/1.0 μm, N2
CapillaryPoraPLOT Q100.592.Do and Raulin, 198910. m/0.32 mm/10. μm, H2
CapillaryPoraPLOT Q160.590.Do and Raulin, 198910. m/0.32 mm/10. μm, H2
CapillaryHP-160.585.Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-160.585.Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-10140.577.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillaryOV-10160.578.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillaryOV-10180.579.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillarySqualane50.583.8Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillarySqualane70.584.9Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillarySqualane50.584.6Papazova, Milina, et al., 1988Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-10140.583.1Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10150.583.8Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10160.584.1Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10170.584.8Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryDB-160.584.4Lubeck and Sutton, 1983Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm
CapillaryDB-160.584.5Lubeck and Sutton, 198360. m/0.259 mm/1. μm
CapillaryOV-150.584.Anders, Scheller, et al., 1982Column length: 55. m; Column diameter: 0.21 mm
PackedApiezon L70.578.Jaworski, 1982Column length: 1.8 m
CapillaryOV-10150.584.Johansen and Ettre, 1982100. m/0.27 mm/0.20 μm
CapillaryOV-10150.584.Johansen and Ettre, 198255. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillarySF-9650.583.Johansen and Ettre, 198291.4 m/0.31 mm/0.20 μm
CapillaryOV-140.577.Nijs and Jacobs, 1981He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
PackedTriacontane70.585.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedTriacontane80.585.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedSqualane70.585.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedSqualane80.586.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedOV-180.585.Dimov and Papazova, 1979Chromosorb W AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 4. m
PackedSE-3080.585.Dimov and Papazova, 1979Chromosorb W AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 4. m
CapillarySqualane86.584.6Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979N2; Column length: 50. m
CapillarySqualane60.585.Chretien and Dubois, 1976 
CapillarySqualane100.584.Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane100.585.3Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane50.584.Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974 
CapillarySqualane50.584.Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974 
CapillarySqualane70.585.Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974 
CapillarySqualane70.585.Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974 
CapillarySqualane50.584.Rijks and Cramers, 1974N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.585.Rijks and Cramers, 1974N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSF-96100.586.3Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
PackedSF-96110.586.74Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
PackedSF-96120.587.87Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
PackedSF-9680.585.66Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
PackedSF-9690.585.89Castello, Berg, et al., 1973Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m
CapillaryOV-10150.584.Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 197325. m/0.25 mm/1.39 μm, N2
CapillaryOV-10160.584.Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 197325. m/0.25 mm/1.39 μm, N2
CapillarySqualane27.583.01Schomburg and Dielmann, 1973Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)35.581.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)45.581.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)50.582.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)58.582.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)68.583.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillarySqualane70.584.5Dimov and Schopov, 1971Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSE-3075.585.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m
PackedSqualane100.586.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m
CapillarySqualane70.585.Cramers, Rijks, et al., 1970Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.585.Cramers, Rijks, et al., 1970Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.585.Cramers, Rijks, et al., 1970Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSE-3080.583.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
PackedSqualane25.584.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
PackedSqualane80.585.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
CapillarySqualane40.584.Matukuma, 1969N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane27.583.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane49.584.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane67.585.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane86.586.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane30.582.5Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 10. m
PackedSqualane50.584.5Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 10. m
CapillarySqualane30.583.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane50.584.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.585.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSE-3070.584.Widmer, 1967Diatoport S; Column length: 7.9 m
PackedSqualane100.586.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane22.583.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane30.583.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane40.584.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane55.585.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane60.584.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane70.586.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane80.585.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane26.583.Zulaïca and Guiochon, 1966Column length: 10. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-101578.Hayes and Pitzer, 1982110. m/0.25 mm/0.20 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryApiezon L581.Louis, 1971N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPetrocol DH-100585.5Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min)
CapillaryDB-1584.Hoekman, 199360. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M130.577.Widmer, 1967Diatoport P; Column length: 7.9 m
PackedCarbowax 20M70.581.Widmer, 1967Diatoport P; Column length: 7.9 m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-5580.Engel and Ratel, 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillarySPB-5579.Deport, Ratel, et al., 200660. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
CapillaryPetrocol DH577.0Censullo, Jones, et al., 200350. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillarySPB-1589.49LECO Corporation, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min
CapillarySPB-1590.18LECO Corporation, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-5579.0Xu, van Stee, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101578.6Yin, Liu, et al., 2001N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 130. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH577.12Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH577.14Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryUltra-1581.Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 19924. K/min; Tstart: -40. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH577.22White, Douglas, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH577.32White, Douglas, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH577.White, Hackett, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryHP-1583.7Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 10. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryHP-1583.4Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryHP-1583.1Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 30. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
CapillaryOV-101578.Hayes and Pitzer, 1981108. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5581.Zaikin and Borisov, 2002He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: 30C => 5K/min=120C => 10C/min => 270C
PackedSE-30576.Peng, Ding, et al., 1988Supelcoport; Chromosorb; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 200C or 250C (60min)
CapillaryOV-101579.Wu and Lu, 1984Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-10140.583.Li and Deng, 1998N2; Column length: 51. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryMethyl Silicone50.584.N/AN2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-10150.584.Wu and Lu, 1984, 2 
CapillaryOV-10170.584.Wu and Lu, 1984, 2 
CapillarySqualane100.586.Dimov N., 1976 
CapillarySqualane70.585.Dimov N., 1976 
PackedSynachrom150.591.Dufka, Malinsky, et al., 1971Helium, Synachrom (60-80 mesh); Column length: 1.5 m
PackedSynachrom150.595.Dufka, Malinsky, et al., 1971Helium, Synachrom (60-80 mesh); Column length: 1.5 m
CapillarySqualane86.578.Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm
CapillaryApiezon L40. to 190.583.Mann, Mühlstädt, et al., 1967Column length: 2. m
CapillarySqualane70.585.Schomburg, 1966 
PackedMethyl Silicone50.585.Huguet, 1961Nitrogen, Celite C-22; Column length: 2.5 m

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB582.Bramston-Cook, 201360. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
CapillaryPetrocol DH584.Supelco, 2012100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryPONA578.Zhang, Ding, et al., 200950. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryOV-1578.0Krkosova, Kubinec, et al., 2007100. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 30. C
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane576.Ramirez R. and Cava R., 200730. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane578.Ramirez R. and Cava R., 200730. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5580.8Leffingwell and Alford, 200560. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane577.Ramírez, Estévez, et al., 20040. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillarySE-54595.Bellesia, Pinetti, et al., 200125. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, He, 35. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryBP-1579.Health Safety Executive, 200050. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone577.56Baraldi, Rapparini, et al., 199960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryOV-101583.Orav, Kailas, et al., 199950. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 100. C
CapillarySE-54578.Guan, Li, et al., 199560. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1580.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199260. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-1575.8Durand, Boscher, et al., 198750. m/0.2 mm/0.52 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 1.1 K/min; Tend: 150. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5576.Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 200960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (2 min) 2 0Cmin -> 60 0C 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 20 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (10 min)
CapillaryMethyl Silicone586.Chen and Feng, 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone584.Feng and Mu, 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone584.Blunden, Aneja, et al., 200560. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (7.75 min) 25 0C -> 225 0C (8 min)
CapillaryHP-5577.Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 200450. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min)
CapillaryDB-5577.Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 250. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min)
CapillaryOV-101585.Du and Liang, 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane585.Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryPONA585.Perkin Elmer Instruments, 2002Column length: 100. m; Phase thickness: 0.50 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxanes579.Yin, Guo, et al., 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1584.Zhu and Wang, 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone584.Spieksma, 1999Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1584.Zhu and He, 1999Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1584.Zhu and He, 1999Program: not specified
CapillarySE-54584.Zhu and He, 1999Program: not specified
CapillarySE-54585.Zhu and He, 1999Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-1581.Flanagan, Streete, et al., 199760. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C
CapillaryDB-5570.Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 199650. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min)
CapillaryMethyl Silicone573.Xu, Chu, et al., 1995Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1576.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1576.Ciccioli, Brancaleoni, et al., 199360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 3 min at 5 C; 5 - 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 - 220 C at 5 deg/min
CapillaryOV-101581.Skrbic and Cvejanov, 1993Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-1581.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
CapillaryDB-1571.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 198830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryDB-1576.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 198830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillarySE-52580.van Langenhove and Schamp, 1986Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm; Program: not specified
CapillarySqualane580.Petrov, 1984Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.584.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
PackedSE-30588.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C910min) => 20C/min => 90(6min) => 10C/min => 150C(hold)
PackedSqualane584.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min => 35 => 4C/min => 95C(hold)
PackedSE-30588.Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C(10min) => 20C/min(2min) => 90C(6min) => 10C/min(6min) => (hold at 150C)
PackedSqualane584.Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min(5min) => 4C/min(15min) => (hold at 95C)

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion and formation of the paraffin hydrocarbons at 25° C, J. Res. NBS, 1945, 263-267. [all data]

Finke H.L., 1973
Finke H.L., 3-Methylpentane and 3-methylheptane: low-temperature thermodynamic properties, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1973, 5, 247-257. [all data]

Scott D.W., 1974
Scott D.W., Correlation of the chemical thermodynamic properties of alkane hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 3144-3165. [all data]

Scott D.W., 1974, 2
Scott D.W., Chemical Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrocarbons and Related Substances. Properties of the Alkane Hydrocarbons, C1 through C10 in the Ideal Gas State from 0 to 1500 K. U.S. Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 666, 1974. [all data]

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Waddington G., 1949
Waddington G., Experimental vapor heat capacities and heats of vaporization of 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, and 2,3-dimethylbutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949, 71, 3902-3906. [all data]

Finke and Messerly, 1973
Finke, H.L.; Messerly, J.F., 3-Methylpentane and 3-methylheptane: low-temperature thermodynamic properties, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1973, 5, 247-257. [all data]

Ohnishi, Fujihara, et al., 1989
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Benson and D'Arcy, 1986
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Douslin and Huffman, 1946
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Hoog, Smittenberg, et al., 1937
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Finke and Messerly, 1973, 2
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Daubert, 1996
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Genco, Teja, et al., 1980
Genco, J.M.; Teja, A.S.; Kay, W.B., Study of the critical and azeotropic behavior of binary mixtures I critical states of perfluoromethylcyclohexane + isomeric hexane systems, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1980, 25, 350. [all data]

Kay, 1946
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Waddington, Smith, et al., 1949
Waddington, G.; Smith, J.C.; Scott, D.W.; Huffman, H.M., Experimental vapor heat capacities and heats of vaporization of 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane and 2,3-dimethylbutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949, 71, 3902-3906. [all data]

Willingham, Taylor, et al., 1945
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Roganov, Kabo, et al., 1972
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Luo and Pacey, 1992
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Lias, Ausloos, et al., 1976
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Steiner, Giese, et al., 1961
Steiner, B.; Giese, C.F.; Inghram, M.G., Photoionization of alkanes. Dissociation of excited molecular ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1961, 34, 189. [all data]

Chen, Liang, et al., 2001
Chen, J.P.; Liang, X.M.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, L.F., Prediction of GC retention values under various column temperature conditions from temperature programmed data, Chromatographia, 2001, 53, 9/10, 539-547, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02491619 . [all data]

Heinzen, Soares, et al., 1999
Heinzen, V.E.F.; Soares, M.F.; Yunes, R.A., Semi-empirical topological method for the prediction of the chromatographic retention of cis- and trans-alkene isomers and alkanes, J. Chromatogr. A, 1999, 849, 2, 495-506, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00530-0 . [all data]

Skrbic, 1997
Skrbic, B.D., Unified retention concept -- statistical treatment of Kováts retention index, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 764, 2, 257-264, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(96)00955-7 . [all data]

Zhang and Lu, 1996
Zhang, X.; Lu, P., Unified equation between Kováts indices on different stationary phases for select types of compounds, J. Chromatogr. A, 1996, 731, 1-2, 187-199, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)01213-3 . [all data]

Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995
Estel, D.; Mohnke; Biermans; Rotzsche, The analysis of C4-C11 hydrocarbons in naphtha and reformate with a new apolar fused silica column, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1995, 18, 7, 403-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240180703 . [all data]

Cha and Lee, 1994
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Hilal, S.H.; Carreira, L.A.; Karickhoff, S.W.; Melton, C.M., Estimation of Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Retention Times from Molecular Structure, J. Chromatogr. A, 1994, 662, 2, 269-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)80515-6 . [all data]

Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994
Krupcik, J.; Skacani, I.; Benicka, E.; Sandra, P., Dependence of gas chromatographic retention data of hydrocarbons on the film thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1994, 59, 11, 2390-2396, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19942390 . [all data]

Do and Raulin, 1992
Do, L.; Raulin, F., Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. III. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a CP-Sil-5 CB WCOT capillary column, J. Chromatogr., 1992, 591, 1-2, 297-301, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80247-R . [all data]

Skrbic and Cvejanov, 1992
Skrbic, B.D.; Cvejanov, J.Dj., Unified retention indices of hydrocarbons on BP-1 dimethylsiloxane stationary phase, Chromatographia, 1992, 34, 1/2, 83-84, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02290465 . [all data]

Do and Raulin, 1989
Do, L.; Raulin, F., Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. I. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a PoraPLOT Q porous polymer coated open-tubular capillary column, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 481, 45-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)96751-2 . [all data]

Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988
Bangjie, C.; Yijian, G.; Shaoyi, P., Calculation of retention indices at an assigned temperature from temperature programmed data, Chromatographia, 1988, 25, 6, 539-542, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02324830 . [all data]

Laub and Purnell, 1988
Laub, R.J.; Purnell, J.H., Specific retention volumes, retention indices, and family-plot regressions of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solutes with OV-101 poly (dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1988, 11, 9, 649-660, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110908 . [all data]

Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
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Petrov, A.A., Hydrocarbons of petroleum, Nauka (publishing house), Moscow, 1984, 263. [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]

Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2
Robinson, P.G.; Odell, A.L., Comparison of isothermal and non-linear temperature programmed gas chromatography. The temperature dependence of the retention indices of a number of hydrocarbons on squalane and SE-30, J. Chromatogr., 1971, 57, 11-17, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(71)80002-X . [all data]


Notes

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