1H-Benzotriazole

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas335.5 ± 1.3kJ/molCcbJimenez, Roux, et al., 1989 

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfsolid236.5 ± 1.2kJ/molCcbJimenez, Roux, et al., 1989ALS
Δfsolid250.0 ± 1.1kJ/molCcbFagley, Klein, et al., 1953Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 249.6 kJ/mol; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcsolid-3312.2 ± 0.8kJ/molCcbJimenez, Roux, et al., 1989ALS
Δcsolid-3315.kJ/molCcbZimmerman and Geisenfelder, 1961ALS
Δcsolid-3325.6 ± 1.0kJ/molCcbFagley, Klein, et al., 1953Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -3326.2 ± 0.88 kJ/mol; ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Cp,solid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
178.7298.15Jimenez, Roux, et al., 1989DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub98.2 ± 0.7kJ/molCSabbah and Perez, 1999AC
Δsub99.0 ± 0.5kJ/molVJimenez, Roux, et al., 1989ALS
Δsub99.0 ± 0.5kJ/molMEJimenez, Roux, et al., 1989AC
Δsub97.9kJ/molVZimmerman and Geisenfelder, 1961ALS

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
7.7369.9Sabbah and Perez, 1999AC

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C6H4N3- + Hydrogen cation = 1H-Benzotriazole

By formula: C6H4N3- + H+ = C6H5N3

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1415. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSCatalan, Claramunt, et al., 1988gas phase; Revised: 91TAF
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1384. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRECatalan, Claramunt, et al., 1988gas phase; Revised: 91TAF

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.20 ± 0.05EIThorstad and Undheim, 1974LLK

De-protonation reactions

C6H4N3- + Hydrogen cation = 1H-Benzotriazole

By formula: C6H4N3- + H+ = C6H5N3

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1415. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSCatalan, Claramunt, et al., 1988gas phase; Revised: 91TAF; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1384. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRECatalan, Claramunt, et al., 1988gas phase; Revised: 91TAF; B

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin ALPHA Chemicals / NIST MS Data Center.
NIST MS number 125350

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Ramart-Lucas, Hoch, et al., 1949
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 112
Instrument n.i.g.
Melting point 100
Boiling point 204(15)

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1011469.Zenkevich, 200525. m/0.20 mm/0.10 μm, N2/He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryTC-FFAP2629.Kurose and Yatagai, 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.4 μm, He, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 60. C

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Jimenez, Roux, et al., 1989
Jimenez, P.; Roux, M.V.; Turrion, C., Thermochemical properties of N-heterocyclic compounds II. Enthalpies of combustion, vapour pressures, enthalpies of sublimation, and enthalpies of formation of 1,2,4-triazole and benzotriazole, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1989, 21, 759-764. [all data]

Fagley, Klein, et al., 1953
Fagley, T.F.; Klein, E.; Albrecht, J.F., Jr., The heats of combustion of diazoaminobenzene, benzotriazole and 2-triazoethanol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 3104-31. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Zimmerman and Geisenfelder, 1961
Zimmerman, H.; Geisenfelder, H., Uber die Mesomerieenergie von Azolen, Z. Electrochem., 1961, 65, 368-371. [all data]

Sabbah and Perez, 1999
Sabbah, Raphaël; Perez, Laurence, Energetics of Intramolecular Bonds in 1H-1,2,4-Triazole and 1H-Benzotriazole, Aust. J. Chem., 1999, 52, 4, 235-621, https://doi.org/10.1071/C99006 . [all data]

Catalan, Claramunt, et al., 1988
Catalan, J.; Claramunt, R.M.; Elguero, J.; Menedez, M.; Anvia, F.; Quian, J.H.; Taagepera, M.; Taft, R.W., Basicity and Acidity of Azoles. The Annelation Effect in Azoles., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 13, 4107, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00221a001 . [all data]

Thorstad and Undheim, 1974
Thorstad, O.; Undheim, K., Mass spectrometry of onium compounds. XXIV. Ionisation potential in structure analysis of pyridodiazo-oxides, Chem. Scr., 1974, 6, 222. [all data]

Ramart-Lucas, Hoch, et al., 1949
Ramart-Lucas, M.; Hoch, J.; Grumez, M., Deformation des orbites electroniques de l'azote par cyclisation (serie du benzotriazole et du phenyltriazole), Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1949, 16, 447-454. [all data]

Zenkevich, 2005
Zenkevich, I.G., Experimentally measured retention indices., 2005. [all data]

Kurose and Yatagai, 2005
Kurose, K.; Yatagai, M., Components of the essential oils of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Azadirachta siamensis Velton, and Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) Jacobs and their comparison, J. Wood Sci., 2005, 51, 2, 185-188, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-004-0640-4 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References