Naphthacene

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas342.6 ± 5.9kJ/molReviewRoux, Temprado, et al., 2008There are insufficient literature values to properly evaluated the data and measurements are of low quality and/or there is substantial disagreement with values predicted using thermochemical cycles or estimation methods (trends).; DRB

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
48.6550.Dorofeeva O.V., 1988Recommended values were calculated statistically mechanically using force field approximation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to estimate the needed vibrational frequencies (see also [ Dorofeeva O.V., 1986, Moiseeva N.F., 1989]). These functions are reproduced in the reference book [ Frenkel M., 1994].; GT
76.30100.
110.23150.
149.42200.
211.84273.15
233.4 ± 1.5298.15
234.93300.
315.50400.
382.68500.
436.36600.
479.21700.
513.85800.
542.28900.
565.901000.
585.711100.
602.441200.
616.671300.
628.841400.
639.301500.

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfsolid206.7 ± 3.0kJ/molReviewRoux, Temprado, et al., 2008There are insufficient literature values to properly evaluated the data and measurements are of low quality and/or there is substantial disagreement with values predicted using thermochemical cycles or estimation methods (trends).; DRB
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcsolid-8956.9 ± 1.3kJ/molCcbMagnus, Hartmann, et al., 1951Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -8957.4 ± 1.3 kJ/mol; Corresponding Δfsolid = 158.8 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
solid,1 bar215.4J/mol*KN/AWong and Westrum, 1980DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Cp,solid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
236.6298.15Wong and Westrum, 1980T = 5 to 350 K.; DH

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus613.15KN/AInokuchi, Shiba, et al., 1952Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Tfus613.15KN/AInokuchi, 1951Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap106.2 ± 3.7kJ/molCGCHanshaw, Nutt, et al., 2008AC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub135.9 (+0.5,-0.1)kJ/molReviewRoux, Temprado, et al., 2008There are insufficient literature values to properly evaluate the data and insufficient information to construct thermochemical cycles or estimate values for comparison, and one must rely solely upon reported uncertainities and the quality of the measurements. In general, the evaluated uncertainty limits are on the order of (3 to 9) kJ/mol.; DRB
Δsub144. ± 5.kJ/molVKruif, 1980ALS
Δsub143.7 ± 0.5kJ/molTE,MKruif, 1980Based on data from 419. to 446. K.; AC
Δsub125.kJ/molVWakayama and Inokuchi, 1967ALS

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
124.8 ± 2.6399. to 430.MEOja, Chen, et al., 2009AC
126.1 ± 9.0429.MEOja and Suuberg, 1998Based on data from 386. to 472. K.; AC
126.5383.GSNass, Lenoir, et al., 1995Based on data from 313. to 453. K.; AC
125. ± 4.422.MEWakayama and Inokuchi, 1967, 2See also Pedley and Rylance, 1977.; AC
128.8473.HSAMorris, 1965Based on data from 433. to 493. K.; AC
132.6468.HSAFielding and MacKay, 1964Based on data from 433. to 483. K.; AC
117.2459.MEInokuchi, Shiba, et al., 1952See also Jones, 1960.; AC
124.293.VMagnus, Hartmann, et al., 1951ALS

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to C18H12+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)6.97 ± 0.05eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)905.5kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity876.5kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
1.0580 ± 0.0050LPESMitsui, Ando, et al., 2007B
1.067 ± 0.043IMRECrocker, Wang, et al., 1993ΔGea(458 K) = -23.9 kcal/mol; ΔSea (estimated) = -1.5 eu (anthracene, Chowdhury, Heinis, et al., 1986); B
0.880 ± 0.040ECDLyons, Morris, et al., 1968B

Proton affinity at 298K

Proton affinity (kJ/mol) Reference Comment
908.3Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000Experimental literature data re-evaluated by the authors using ab initio protonation entropies; MM

Gas basicity at 298K

Gas basicity (review) (kJ/mol) Reference Comment
884.1Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000Experimental literature data re-evaluated by the authors using ab initio protonation entropies; MM

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
6.97EIStahl and Maquin, 1984LBLHLM
6.9 ± 0.3EIShushan and Boyd, 1980LLK
6.97PESchmidt, 1977LLK
7.04PEClar and Schmidt, 1975LLK
7.04 ± 0.04PEBoschi, Clar, et al., 1974LLK
7.01PEClark, Brogli, et al., 1972LLK
7.0 ± 0.3EIWacks, 1964RDSH
6.94CTSKuroda, 1964RDSH
6.95CTSBriegleb, 1964RDSH
6.9PITerenin, 1961RDSH
7.00CTSBirks and Stifkin, 1961RDSH
7.0CTSBriegleb and Czekalla, 1959RDSH
6.64CTSMatsen, 1956RDSH
6.97 ± 0.02PESchmidt, 1977Vertical value; LLK
7.01PEBrogli and Heilbronner, 1972Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C16H10+15.5 ± 0.5C2H2EIShushan and Boyd, 1980LLK
C18H11+14.5 ± 0.5HEIShushan and Boyd, 1980LLK

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
NIST MS number 10855

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Roux, Temprado, et al., 2008
Roux, M.V.; Temprado, M.; Chickos, J.S.; Nagano, Y., Critically Evaluated Thermochemical Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2008, 37, 4, 1855-1996. [all data]

Dorofeeva O.V., 1988
Dorofeeva O.V., Thermodynamic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Gaseous Phase. Institute for High Temperatures, USSR Academy of Sciences, Preprint No.1-238 (in Russian), Moscow, 1988. [all data]

Dorofeeva O.V., 1986
Dorofeeva O.V., On calculation of thermodynamic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Thermochim. Acta, 1986, 102, 59-66. [all data]

Moiseeva N.F., 1989
Moiseeva N.F., Development of Benson group additivity method for estimation of ideal gas thermodynamic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Thermochim. Acta, 1989, 153, 77-85. [all data]

Frenkel M., 1994
Frenkel M., Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds in the Gas State, Vol. I, II, Thermodynamics Research Center, College Station, Texas, 1994, 1994. [all data]

Magnus, Hartmann, et al., 1951
Magnus, A.; Hartmann, H.; Becker, F., Verbrennungswarmen und resonanzenergien von mehrkernigen aromatischen kohlenwasserstoffen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1951, 197, 75-91. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Wong and Westrum, 1980
Wong, W.K.; Westrum, E.F., Jr., Thermodynamics of polynuclear aromatic molecules. II. Low temperature thermal properties of perylene, coronene, and naphthacene, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 1980, 61, 207-228. [all data]

Inokuchi, Shiba, et al., 1952
Inokuchi, Hiroo; Shiba, Sukekuni; Handa, Takashi; Akamatu, Hideo, Heats of Sublimation of Condensed Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1952, 25, 5, 299-302, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.25.299 . [all data]

Inokuchi, 1951
Inokuchi, H., J. Chem. Soc. Jpn. Pure Chem. Sect., 1951, 72, 552. [all data]

Hanshaw, Nutt, et al., 2008
Hanshaw, William; Nutt, Marjorie; Chickos, James S., Hypothetical Thermodynamic Properties. Subcooled Vaporization Enthalpies and Vapor Pressures of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2008, 53, 8, 1903-1913, https://doi.org/10.1021/je800300x . [all data]

Kruif, 1980
Kruif, C.G., Enthalpies of sublimation and vapour pressures of 11 polycyclic hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1980, 12, 243-248. [all data]

Wakayama and Inokuchi, 1967
Wakayama, N.; Inokuchi, H., Heats of sublimation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their molecular packings, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1967, 40, 2267. [all data]

Oja, Chen, et al., 2009
Oja, Vahur; Chen, Xu; Hajaligol, Mohammad R.; Chan, W. Geoffrey, Sublimation Thermodynamic Parameters for Cholesterol, Ergosterol, β-Sitosterol, and Stigmasterol, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2009, 54, 3, 730-734, https://doi.org/10.1021/je800395m . [all data]

Oja and Suuberg, 1998
Oja, Vahur; Suuberg, Eric M., Vapor Pressures and Enthalpies of Sublimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1998, 43, 3, 486-492, https://doi.org/10.1021/je970222l . [all data]

Nass, Lenoir, et al., 1995
Nass, Karen; Lenoir, Dieter; Kettrup, Antonius, Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by an Incremental Procedure, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1995, 34, 16, 1735-1736, https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199517351 . [all data]

Wakayama and Inokuchi, 1967, 2
Wakayama, Nobuko; Inokuchi, Hiroo, Heats of Sublimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Molecular Packings, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1967, 40, 10, 2267-2271, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.40.2267 . [all data]

Pedley and Rylance, 1977
Pedley, J.B.; Rylance, J., , Computer Analysed Thermochemical Data: Organic and Organometallic Compounds, University of Sussex, Brighton, 1977. [all data]

Morris, 1965
Morris, G.C., The intensity of absorption of naphthacene vapor from 20 000 to 54 000 cm-1, Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, 1965, 18, 1, 42-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(65)90059-7 . [all data]

Fielding and MacKay, 1964
Fielding, PE; MacKay, AG, Vapour phase spectrum and enthalpy of sublimation of naphthacene, Aust. J. Chem., 1964, 17, 11, 1288-621, https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9641288 . [all data]

Jones, 1960
Jones, A.H., Sublimation Pressure Data for Organic Compounds., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 2, 196-200, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60006a019 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Mitsui, Ando, et al., 2007
Mitsui, M.; Ando, N.; Nakajima, A., Mass spectrometry and photoelectron spectroscopy of tetracene cluster anions, (Tetracene)(n)(-) (n=1-100): Evidence for the highly localized nature of polarization in a cluster analogue of o, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2007, 111, 39, 9644-9648, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp076134h . [all data]

Crocker, Wang, et al., 1993
Crocker, L.; Wang, T.B.; Kebarle, P., Electron Affinities of Some Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Obtained from Electron-Transfer Equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 17, 7818, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00070a030 . [all data]

Chowdhury, Heinis, et al., 1986
Chowdhury, S.; Heinis, T.; Grimsrud, E.P.; Kebarle, P., Entropy Changes and Electron Affinities from Gas-Phase Electron Transfer Equilibria: A- + B = A + B-, J. Phys. Chem., 1986, 90, 12, 2747, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100403a037 . [all data]

Lyons, Morris, et al., 1968
Lyons, L.E.; Morris, G.C.; Warren, L.J., Electron Affinities and the Electron Capture Method for Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 72, 10, 3677, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100856a056 . [all data]

Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000
Aue, D.H.; Guidoni, M.; Betowski, L.D., Ab initio calculated gas-phase basicities of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2000, 201, 283. [all data]

Stahl and Maquin, 1984
Stahl, D.; Maquin, F., Charge-stripping mass spectrometry of molecular ions from polyacenes and molecular orbital theory, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1984, 108, 613. [all data]

Shushan and Boyd, 1980
Shushan, B.; Boyd, R.K., Unimolecular and collision induced fragmentations of molecular ions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1980, 15, 445. [all data]

Schmidt, 1977
Schmidt, W., Photoelectron spectra of polynuclear aromatics. V. Correlations with ultraviolet absorption spectra in the catacondensed series, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 66, 828. [all data]

Clar and Schmidt, 1975
Clar, E.; Schmidt, W., Correlations btween photoelectron and ultraviolet absorption spectra of polycyclic hydrocarbons and the number of aromatic sextets, Tetrahedron, 1975, 31, 2263. [all data]

Boschi, Clar, et al., 1974
Boschi, R.; Clar, E.; Schmidt, W., Photoelectron spectra of polynuclear aromatics. III. The effect of nonplanarity in sterically overcrowded aromatic hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 4406. [all data]

Clark, Brogli, et al., 1972
Clark, P.A.; Brogli, F.; Heilbronner, E., The π-orbital energies of the acenes, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1972, 55, 1415. [all data]

Wacks, 1964
Wacks, M.E., Electron-impact studies of aromatic hydrocarbons. II. Naphthacene, naphthaphene, chrysene, triphenylene, and pyrene, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 41, 1661. [all data]

Kuroda, 1964
Kuroda, H., Ionization potentials of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Nature, 1964, 201, 1214. [all data]

Briegleb, 1964
Briegleb, G., Electron affinity of organic molecules, Angew. Chem. Intern. Ed., 1964, 3, 617. [all data]

Terenin, 1961
Terenin, A., Charge transfer in organic solids, induced by light, Proc. Chem. Soc., London, 1961, 321. [all data]

Birks and Stifkin, 1961
Birks, J.B.; Stifkin, M.A., π-Electronic excitation and ionization energies of condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons, Nature, 1961, 191, 761. [all data]

Briegleb and Czekalla, 1959
Briegleb, G.; Czekalla, J., Die Bestimmung von lonisierungsenergien aus den Spektren von Elektronenubergangskomplexen, Z.Elektrochem., 1959, 63, 6. [all data]

Matsen, 1956
Matsen, F.A., Electron affinities, methyl affinities, and ionization energies of condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Phys., 1956, 24, 602. [all data]

Brogli and Heilbronner, 1972
Brogli, F.; Heilbronner, E., The photoelectron spectra of benzenoid hydrocarbons C18H12, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1972, 11, 538. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References