Naphthalene

• Formula: C₁₀H₈
• Molecular weight: 128.1705
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H8/c1-2-6-10-8-4-3-7-9(10)5-1/h1-8H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 91-20-3
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Isotopologues:
  • Naphthalene-D8
• Other names: Albocarbon; Dezodorator; Moth flakes; Naphthalin; Naphthaline; Naphthene; Tar camphor; White tar; Camphor tar; Moth balls; Naftalen; NCI-C52904; Mighty 150; Mighty RD1; Rcra waste number U165; UN 1334; UN 2304; NSC 37565
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • IR Spectrum
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
  • NIST Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Structure Index
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C₁₀H₈⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Electron affinity determinations

Proton affinity at 298K

Gas basicity at 298K

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₁₀H₇^- +  =

By formula: C₁₀H₇^- + H⁺ = C₁₀H₈

C₁₀H₇^- +  =

By formula: C₁₀H₇^- + H⁺ = C₁₀H₈

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

C₆H₇N⁺ +  = (C₆H₇N⁺ • )

By formula: C₆H₇N⁺ + C₁₀H₈ = (C₆H₇N⁺ • C₁₀H₈)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Free energy of reaction

C₁₀H₈⁺ +  = (C₁₀H₈⁺ • )

By formula: C₁₀H₈⁺ + C₁₀H₈ = (C₁₀H₈⁺ • C₁₀H₈)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

C₁₀H₈NO^- + 2 = C₂₀H₁₆NO^-

By formula: C₁₀H₈NO^- + 2C₁₀H₈ = C₂₀H₁₆NO^-

C₁₀H₉⁺ +  = (C₁₀H₉⁺ • )

By formula: C₁₀H₉⁺ + C₁₀H₈ = (C₁₀H₉⁺ • C₁₀H₈)

C₁₂H₈⁺ +  = (C₁₂H₈⁺ • )

By formula: C₁₂H₈⁺ + C₁₀H₈ = (C₁₂H₈⁺ • C₁₀H₈)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

C₁₂H₉⁺ +  = (C₁₂H₉⁺ • )

By formula: C₁₂H₉⁺ + C₁₀H₈ = (C₁₂H₉⁺ • C₁₀H₈)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

H₂O₃^- +  +  = C₁₀H₁₀O₃^-

By formula: H₂O₃^- + C₁₀H₈ + H₂O = C₁₀H₁₀O₃^-

H₄O₄^- +  + 2 = C₁₀H₁₂O₄^-

By formula: H₄O₄^- + C₁₀H₈ + 2H₂O = C₁₀H₁₂O₄^-

 +  = C₁₀H₈NO^-

By formula: NO^- + C₁₀H₈ = C₁₀H₈NO^-

 +  = C₁₀H₈O₂^-

By formula: O₂^- + C₁₀H₈ = C₁₀H₈O₂^-

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997
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Dorofeeva O.V., On calculation of thermodynamic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Thermochim. Acta, 1986, 102, 59-66. [all data]

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Barrow G.M., 1951
Barrow G.M., The thermodynamic properties of naphthalene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1951, 73, 573-575. [all data]

McClellan A.L., 1955
McClellan A.L., Vibrational assignment and thermodynamic properties of naphthalene, J. Chem. Phys., 1955, 23, 245-248. [all data]

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Lielmezs J., Jr., Thermodynamic functions for naphthalene, Thermochim. Acta, 1981, 47, 287-308. [all data]

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Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Lyapustina, Xu, et al., 2000
Lyapustina, S.A.; Xu, S.K.; Nilles, J.M.; Bowen, K.H., Solvent-induced stabilization of the naphthalene anion by water molecules: A negative cluster ion photoelectron spectroscopic study, J. Chem. Phys., 2000, 112, 15, 6643-6648, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.481237 . [all data]

Song, Han, et al., 2002
Song, J.K.; Han, S.Y.; Chu, I.H.; Kim, J.H.; Kim, S.K.; Lyapustina, S.A.; Xu, S.J.; Nilles, J.M.; Bowen, K.H., Photoelectron spectroscopy of naphthalene cluster anions, J. Chem. Phys., 2002, 116, 11, 4477-4481, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1449869 . [all data]

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Schiedt, J.; Knott, W.J.; Le Barbu, K.; Schlag, E.W.; Weinkauf, R., Microsolvation of similar-sized aromatic molecules: Photoelectron spectroscopy of bithiophene-, azulene-, and naphthalene-water anion clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 2000, 113, 21, 9470-9478, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1319874 . [all data]

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Becker, R.S.; Chen, E., Extension of Electron Affinities and Ionization Potentials of Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Phys., 1966, 45, 7, 2403, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1727954 . [all data]

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Cockett, Ozeki, et al., 1993
Cockett, M.C.R.; Ozeki, H.; Okuyama, K.; Kimura, K., Vibronic coupling in the ground cationic state of naphthalene: A laser threshold photoelectron [zero kinetic energy (ZEKE)-photoelectron] spectroscopic study, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 98, 7763. [all data]

Jochims, Rasekh, et al., 1992
Jochims, H.-W.; Rasekh, H.; Ruhl, E.; Baumgartel, H.; Leach, S., The photofragmentation of naphthalene and azulene monocations in the energy range 7-22 eV, Chem. Phys., 1992, 168, 159. [all data]

Stahl and Maquin, 1984
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Duncan, Dietz, et al., 1981
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Schafer, W.; Schweig, A.; Vermeer, H.; Bickel-haupt, F.; De Graaf, H., On the nature of the "free electron pair" on phosphorus in aromatic phosphorus compounds: the photoelectron spectrum of 2-phosphanaphthalene, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1975, 6, 91. [all data]

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Clark, Brogli, et al., 1972
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Brogli, F.; Heilbronner, E.; Kobayashi, T., Photoelectron spectra of azabenzenes and azanaphthalenes: II. A reinvestigation of azanaphthalenes by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1972, 55, 274. [all data]

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Angus, Christ, et al., 1968
Angus, J.G.; Christ, B.J.; Morris, G.C., Absorption spectra in the vacuum ultraviolet and the ionization potentials of naphthalene and naphthalene-d, molecules, Australian J. Chem., 1968, 21, 2153. [all data]

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Bonnier, J.-M.; Gelus, M.; Nounou, P., Contribution a l'etude de l'effet inductif et de l'effet d'hyperconjugaison dans quelques methylaromatiques, J. Chim. Phys., 1965, 10, 1191. [all data]

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Kinoshita, M., The absorption spectra of the molecular complexes of aromatic compounds with p-bromanil, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1962, 35, 1609. [all data]

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Reed and Kass, 2000
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Le Barbu, Schiedt, et al., 2002
Le Barbu, K.; Schiedt, J.; Weinkauf, R.; Schlag, E.W.; Nilles, J.M.; Xu, S.J.; Thomas, O.C.; Bowen, K.H., Microsolvation of small anions by aromatic molecules: An exploratory study, J. Chem. Phys., 2002, 116, 22, 9663-9671, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1475750 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
  EA	Electron affinity
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  T	Temperature
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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