1-Propanol, 2-methyl-

• Formula: C₄H₁₀O
• Molecular weight: 74.1216
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-4(2)3-5/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 78-83-1
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutanol; Isopropylcarbinol; 2-Methyl-1-propanol; iso-C4H9OH; Fermentation butyl alcohol; 1-Hydroxymethylpropane; 2-Methylpropanol; 2-Methylpropan-1-ol; 2-Methylpropanol-1; 2-Methylpropyl alcohol; Butanol-iso; Alcool isobutylique; Isobutylalkohol; Rcra waste number U140; UN 1212; i-Butyl alcohol; Isopropyl carbitol; Propanol, 2-methyl-; 2-methyl-1-propanyl alcohol; i-Butanol; Methyl-2 propanol-1; NSC 5708; 2-methylpropanoI
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
• Options:
  • Switch to calorie-based units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C₄H₉O^- +  =

By formula: C₄H₉O^- + H⁺ = C₄H₁₀O

 +  =

By formula: H₂ + C₄H₈O = C₄H₁₀O

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Na⁺ + C₄H₁₀O = (Na⁺ • C₄H₁₀O)

=  + 

By formula: C₄H₁₀O = H₂ + C₄H₈O

 +  =

By formula: C₄H₈ + C₄H₁₀O = C₈H₁₈O

 +  =

By formula: C₂H₂O + C₄H₁₀O = C₆H₁₂O₂

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Li⁺ + C₄H₁₀O = (Li⁺ • C₄H₁₀O)

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₄H₉O^- +  =

By formula: C₄H₉O^- + H⁺ = C₄H₁₀O

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Connett, 1975
Connett, J.E., Chemical equilibria 6. Measurement of equilibrium constants for the dehydrogenation of 2-methylpropan-1-ol by a vapour-flow technique, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1975, 7, 1159-1162. [all data]

Chao and Rossini, 1965
Chao, J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion, formation, and isomerization of nineteen alkanols, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1965, 10, 374-379. [all data]

Skinner and Snelson, 1960
Skinner, H.A.; Snelson, A., The heats of combustion of the four isomeric butyl alcohols, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 1776-1783. [all data]

Counsell J.F., 1968
Counsell J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XIX. Low-temperature heat capacity and entropy of propan-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, and pentan-1-ol, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 1819-1823. [all data]

Stromsoe E., 1970
Stromsoe E., Heat capacity of alcohol vapors at atmospheric pressure, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1970, 15, 286-290. [all data]

Counsell J.F., 1970
Counsell J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. 24. Vapor heat capacities and enthalpies of vaporization of ethanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and 1-pentanol, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, 2, 367-372. [all data]

Haas and Harrison, 1993
Haas, M.J.; Harrison, A.G., The Fragmentation of Proton-Bound Cluster Ions and the Gas-Phase Acidities of Alcohols, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1993, 124, 2, 115, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(93)80003-W . [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr., The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]

Wiberg, Crocker, et al., 1991
Wiberg, K.B.; Crocker, L.S.; Morgan, K.M., Thermochemical studies of carbonyl compounds. 5. Enthalpies of reduction of carbonyl groups, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 3447-3450. [all data]

Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000
Rodgers, M.T.; Armentrout, P.B., Noncovalent Metal-Ligand Bond Energies as Studied by Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 2000, 19, 4, 215, https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2787(200007)19:4<215::AID-MAS2>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Rodgers and Armentrout, 1999
Rodgers, M.T.; Armentrout, P.B., Absolute Binding Energies of Sodium Ions to Short-Chain Alcohols, CnH2n+2O, n=1-4, Determined by Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation Experiments and Ab Initio Theory, 1999, 4955. [all data]

Sharonov, Mishentseva, et al., 1991
Sharonov, K.G.; Mishentseva, Y.B.; Rozhnov, A.M.; Miroshnichenko, E.A.; Korchatova, L.I., Molar enthalpies of formation and vaporizqation of t-butoxybutanes and thermodynamics of their synthesis from a butanol and 2-methylpropene I. Equilibria of synthesis reactions of t-butoxybutanes in the liquid phase, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1991, 23, 141-145. [all data]

Rice and Greenberg, 1934
Rice, F.O.; Greenberg, J., Ketene. III. Heat of formation and heat of reaction with alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1934, 38, 2268-2270. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Shao, Baer, et al., 1988
Shao, J.D.; Baer, T.; Lewis, D.K., Dissociation dynamics of energy-selected ion-dipole complexes. 2. Butyl alcohol ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1988, 92, 5123. [all data]

Bowen and Maccoll, 1984
Bowen, R.D.; Maccoll, A., Low energy, low temperature mass spectra, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1984, 19, 379. [all data]

Holmes, Fingas, et al., 1981
Holmes, J.L.; Fingas, M.; Lossing, F.P., Towards a general scheme for estimating the heats of formation of organic ions in the gas phase. Part I. Odd-electron cations, Can. J. Chem., 1981, 59, 80. [all data]

Cocksey, Eland, et al., 1971
Cocksey, B.J.; Eland, J.H.D.; Danby, C.J., The effect of alkyl substitution on ionisation potential, J. Chem. Soc., 1971, (B), 790. [all data]

Peel and Willett, 1975
Peel, J.B.; Willett, G.D., Photoelectron spectroscopic studies of the higher alcohols, Aust. J. Chem., 1975, 28, 2357. [all data]

Holmes and Lossing, 1984
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P., Heats of formation of organic radicals from appearance energies, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 58, 113. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.