Isophorone

Formula: C₉H₁₄O
Molecular weight: 138.2069
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C9H14O/c1-7-4-8(10)6-9(2,3)5-7/h4H,5-6H2,1-3H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 78-59-1
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: 2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 3,5,5-trimethyl-; α-Isophoron; α-Isophorone; Isoacetophorone; Isoforon; Isophoron; 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenone; 3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohexen-2-one-1; 3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohex-2-enone; Isoforone; Izoforon; NCI-C55618; 1,1,3-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-5-one; 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-on; 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one; 3,5,5-Trimetil-2-cicloesen-1-one; 3,3,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; 3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one; NSC 403657
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
Options:
- Switch to calorie-based units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	486.7	K	N/A	Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990	BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
48.6	326.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 311. to 489. K. See also Stull, 1947.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
311. to 488.4	4.42483	1985.971	-39.054	Stull, 1947	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard

View reactions leading to C₉H₁₄O⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Proton affinity (review)	893.5	kJ/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	HL
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Gas basicity	861.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
9.07	PE	Pfister-Guillouzo, Geribaldi, et al., 1982	Vertical value; LBLHLM

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5	1122.	Avato, Raffo, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 30. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	DB-5	1118.	Tellez, Estell, et al., 1997	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5MS	1124.	Alissandrakis E., Tarantilis P.A., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 3C/min => 160C => 10C/min => 200C

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	1595.	Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1600.	Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	RTX-1	1094.	Cozzani, Muselli, et al., 2005	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1118.	Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-5	1120.	Flamini, Cioni, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1086.	Pino, Almora, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
Capillary	DB-1	1080.7	Sun and Stremple, 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 325. C
Capillary	BPX-5	1138.	Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	BPX-5	1144.	Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	BPX-5	1137.	Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	BPX-5	1138.	Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1090.	Pino and Marbot, 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
Capillary	SE-54	1128.05	Yin, Xiu, et al., 2001	35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm
Capillary	BPX-5	1080.	Aaslyng, Elmore, et al., 1998	50. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	SE-54	1124.	Li, Wang, et al., 1998	H2, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SE-54	1126.	Li, Wang, et al., 1998	H2, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	BP-1	1082.	Tan, Wilkins, et al., 1989	H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 75. min; Column length: 12. m
Capillary	SPB-1	1086.	Huang, Bruechert, et al., 1987	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 40. min
Capillary	SPB-1	1086.	Huang, Bruechert, et al., 1987	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 40. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1117.	Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
Capillary	SE-54	1127.	Li, Wang, et al., 1998	H2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	1117.	Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997	25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => (20C/min) => 120C => (7C/min) => 310C(10min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	RTX-Wax	1544.	Cozzani, Muselli, et al., 2005	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	Stabilwax	1611.	Cros, Lignot, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1576.	Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1563.	Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Stabilwax	1591.	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	AT-Wax	1571.	Pino, Almora, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
Capillary	AT-Wax	1571.	Pino and Marbot, 2001	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1563.	Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1621.	Le Guen, Prost, et al., 2000	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	PEG-20M	1541.	Li, Wang, et al., 1998	H2, 50. C @ 3. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	PEG-20M	1543.	Li, Wang, et al., 1998	H2, 50. C @ 3. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; T_end: 230. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1599.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1577.	Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min)

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Packed	DC-400	150.	1121.	Anderson, 1968	Helium, Gas-Pak (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3.0 m

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Optima-5	1120.	Al-Qudah, Muhaidat, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 246. C
Capillary	VF-5 MS	1123.	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	VF-5 MS	1125.	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1124.	Jerkovic, Hegic, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 70. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 18. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1124.	Jerkovic and Marijanovic, 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 70. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 18. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1124.	Jerkovic, Tuberso, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 70. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 18. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1126.	Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	HP-5	1127.	Radulovic, Dordevic, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen, 5. K/min; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1124.	Radulovic, Dordevic, et al., 2010, 2	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1126.	Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	HP-101	1107.	Mastelic, Jerkovic, et al., 2006	25. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 70. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-5	1118.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen, 70. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-5	1135.	El-Sayed, Heppelthwaite, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-5	1120.9	Leffingwell and Alford, 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
Capillary	DB-1	1089.	Sefidkon, Jalili, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-5	1117.	Tellez, Schrader, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	BP-1	1113.	Health Safety Executive, 2000	50. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SPB-5	1146.	Kim, Kim, et al., 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 70. C @ 8. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-5	1119.	Tellez, Canel, et al., 1999	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	SE-54	1116.	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	OV-101	1089.	Yang and Sugisawa, 1990	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	1099.	Yang and Sugisawa, 1990	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-1	1088.	Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1088.	Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1088.	Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SE-30	1084.	Ibrahim and Suffet, 1988	N2, 50. C @ 8. min, 5. K/min, 275. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	SE-54	1119.	Harland, Cumming, et al., 1986	He, 50. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 250. C @ 12. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	DB-1	1089.	Habu, Flath, et al., 1985	3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 0. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1088.	Habu, Flath, et al., 1985	3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SE-30	1094.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981	40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	SE-30	1097.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981, 2	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	TR-5 MS	1111.	Kurashov, Mitrukova, et al., 2014	15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 80 0C (3 min) 4 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)
Capillary	TR-5 MS	1067.	Kurashov, Krylova, et al., 2013	15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 80 0C (3 min) 4 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C (3 mion) 15 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	1118.	Mondello, 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	1130.	Mondello, 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	1118.	Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012	Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	1137.	Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	1138.	Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 2008	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min)
Capillary	HP-5	1080.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5 MS	1134.	Cajka, Hajslova, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (0.75 min) 10 0C/min -> 200 0C 30 0C/min -> 245 0C (1.25 min)
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1132.	Chuang, Lee, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 50 0C (15 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C (10 min) 2 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min)
Capillary	HP-5	1135.	Baroni, Nores, et al., 2006	26. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(5min) => 6C/min => 200C => 15C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	HP-5MS	1118.	Ansorena, Gimeno, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 120C => 10C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1138.	Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1097.	Guyot, Scheirman, et al., 1999	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 30C => 55C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C
Capillary	SE-54	1116.	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	SE-54	1117.	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1099.	Guyot, Bouseta, et al., 1998	50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He; Program: 30C => 55C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C
Capillary	HP-1	1074.	Rowland, Blackman, et al., 1995	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 30 0C (4 min) 6 K/min -> 200 0C 15 K/min -> 250 0C (20 min)
Capillary	SE-30	1088.	Ibrahim and Suffet, 1988	N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 50C(8min) => 3C/min => 150C => 35C/min => 275C (10min)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1607.	Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008	50. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
Capillary	Stabilwax	1591.	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-20M	1559.	Mastelic, Jerkovic, et al., 2006	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 70. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 180. C @ 15. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1593.	de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005	50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 30. min
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1615.	Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
Capillary	Stabilwax	1591.	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003, 2	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1607.	Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2003	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1607.	Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2003	50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
Capillary	PEG-20M	1569.	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Innowax FSC	1600.	Polatoglu, Demirci, et al., 2010	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 0C/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	Supelcowax 10	1607.	Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2008	50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (15 min) 3 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 180 0C (10 min)
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1563.	Editorial paper, 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1600.	Editorial paper, 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	PEG-20M	1569.	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1577.	Peng, Yang, et al., 1991	Program: not specified

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5	186.6	Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 1993	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 285. C @ 29.5 min

Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	187.34	Eckel, Ross, et al., 1993	Program: not specified
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	187.71	Eckel, Ross, et al., 1993	Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Pfister-Guillouzo, Geribaldi, et al., 1982
Pfister-Guillouzo, G.; Geribaldi, S.; Gal, J.-F., Spectres photoelectroniques de cyclohexene-2-ones-1 diversement substituees en position 3. Correlations avec la reactivite, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 1163. [all data]

Avato, Raffo, et al., 2004
Avato, P.; Raffo, F.; Aldouri, N.A.; Vartanian, S.T., Essential oils of varthemia iphionoides from Jordan, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 6, 559-561, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1351 . [all data]

Tellez, Estell, et al., 1997
Tellez, M.R.; Estell, R.E.; Fredrickson, E.L.; Havstad, K.M., Essential oil of Dyssodia acerosa DC., J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 8, 3276-3278, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9701502 . [all data]

Alissandrakis E., Tarantilis P.A., et al., 2007
Alissandrakis E.; Tarantilis P.A.; Harizanis P.C.; Polissiou M., Comparison of the volatile composition in thyme honeys from several origins in Greece, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 20, 8152-8157, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071442y . [all data]

Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990
Tatsuka, K.; Suekane, S.; Sakai, Y.; Sumitani, H., Volatile constituents of kiwi fruit flowers: simultaneous distillation and extraction versus headspace sampling, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1990, 38, 12, 2176-2180, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00102a015 . [all data]

Cozzani, Muselli, et al., 2005
Cozzani, S.; Muselli, A.; Desjobert, J.-M.; Bernardini, A.-F.; Tomi, F.; Casanova, J., Chemical composition of essential oil of Teucrium polium subsp. capitatum (L.) from Corsica, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 4, 436-441, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1463 . [all data]

Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005
Pino, J.A.; Mesa, J.; Muñoz, Y.; Martí, M.P.; Marbot, R., Volatile components from mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 6, 2213-2223, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0402633 . [all data]

Flamini, Cioni, et al., 2003
Flamini, G.; Cioni, P.L.; Morelli, I.; Ceccarini, L.; Andolfi, L.; Macchia, M., Composition of the essential oil of Medicago marina L. from the coastal dunes of Tuscany, Italy, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 460-462, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1253 . [all data]

Pino, Almora, et al., 2003
Pino, J.; Almora, K.; Marbot, R., Volatile components of papaya (Carica papaya L., maradol variety) fruit, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 492-496, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1248 . [all data]

Sun and Stremple, 2003
Sun, G.; Stremple, P., Retention index characterization of flavor, fragrance, and many other compounds on DB-1 and DB-XLB, 2003, retrieved from http://www.chem.agilent.com/cag/cabu/pdf/b-0279.pdf. [all data]

Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001
Oruna-Concha, M.J.; Duckham, S.C.; Ames, J.M., Comparison of volatile compounds isolated from the skin and flesh of four potato cultivars after baking, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 5, 2414-2421, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0012345 . [all data]

Pino and Marbot, 2001
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R., Volatile flavor constituents of acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) fruit, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 12, 5880-5882, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010270g . [all data]

Yin, Xiu, et al., 2001
Yin, W.; Xiu, Z.; Aijin, H., Analysis of the volatile components in trogopterorum feces by capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, Fenxi Huaxue, 2001, 29, 2, 195-198. [all data]

Aaslyng, Elmore, et al., 1998
Aaslyng, M.D.; Elmore, J.S.; Mottram, D.S., Comparison of the aroma characteristics of acid-hydrolyzed and enzyme-hydrolyzed vegetable proteins produced from soy, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 12, 5225-5231, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9806816 . [all data]

Li, Wang, et al., 1998
Li, W.; Wang, H.; Sun, Y.; Huang, A.; Sun, Y., Capillary gas chromatographic analysis of volatile components in goat feces, Fenxi Huaxue, 1998, 26, 8, 935-939. [all data]

Tan, Wilkins, et al., 1989
Tan, S.T.; Wilkins, A.L.; Holland, P.T.; McGhie, T.K., Extractives from New Zealand unifloral honeys. 2. Degraded carotenoids and other substances from heather honey, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 5, 1217-1221, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00089a004 . [all data]

Huang, Bruechert, et al., 1987
Huang, T.-C.; Bruechert, L.J.; Hartman, T.G.; Rosen, R.T.; Ho, C.-T., Effect of lipids and carbohydrates on thermal generation of volatiles from commercial zein, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1987, 35, 6, 985-990, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00078a030 . [all data]

Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001
Duckham, S.C.; Dodson, A.T.; Bakker, J.; Ames, J.M., Volatile flavour components of baked potato flesh. A comparison of eleven potato cultivars, Nahrung/Food, 2001, 45, 5, 317-323, https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3803(20011001)45:5<317::AID-FOOD317>3.0.CO;2-4 . [all data]

Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997
Yasuhara, A.; Shiraishi, H.; Nishikawa, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Uehiro, T.; Nakasugi, O.; Okumura, T.; Kenmotsu, K.; Fukui, H.; Nagase, M.; Ono, Y.; Kawagoshi, Y.; Baba, K.; Noma, Y., Determination of organic components in leachates from hazardous waste disposal sites in Japan by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 774, 1-2, 321-332, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00078-2 . [all data]

Cros, Lignot, et al., 2005
Cros, S.; Lignot, B.; Bourseau, P.; Jaouen, P.; Prost, C., Desalination of mussel cooking juices by electrodialysis: effect on the aroma profile, J. Food Eng., 2005, 69, 4, 425-436, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.08.036 . [all data]

Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005
Riu-Aumatell, M.; Lopez-Tamames, E.; Buxaderas, S., Assessment of the Volatile Composition of Juices of Apricot, Peach, and Pear According to Two Pectolytic Treatments, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 20, 7837-7843, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051397z . [all data]

Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2005
Verzera, A.; Campisi, S.; Zappalá, M., SUPELCO. Using SPME-GC-MS to characterize volatile components of honey as indicators of botanical origin, 2005, retrieved from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Supelco_Home/TheReporter.html. [all data]

Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003
Cros, S.; Vandanjon, L.; Jaouen, P.; Bourseau, P., Processing of industrial mussel cooking juices by reverse osmosis: pollution abatement and aromas recovery, 2003, retrieved from http://www.membrane.unsw.edu.au/imstec03/content/papers/DAI/imstec064.pdf. [all data]

Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2001
Verzera, A.; Campisi, S.; Zappalá, M.; Bonaccorsi, I., SPME-GC-MS analysis of honey volatile components for the characterization of different floral origin, Am. Lab. Fairfield Conn., 2001, 33, 15, 18-21. [all data]

Le Guen, Prost, et al., 2000
Le Guen, S.; Prost, C.; Demaimay, M., Characterization of odorant compounds of mussels (Mytilus edulis) according to their origin using gas chromatography-olfactometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 896, 1-2, 361-371, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00729-9 . [all data]

Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007
Bianchi, F.; Careri, M.; Mangia, A.; Musci, M., Retention indices in the analysis of food aroma volatile compounds in temperature-programmed gas chromatography: Database creation and evaluation of precision and robustness, J. Sep. Sci., 2007, 39, 4, 563-572, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200600393 . [all data]

Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 2001
Cantergiani, E.; Brevard, H.; Krebs, Y.; Feria-Morales, A.; Amadò, R.; Yeretzian, C., Characterisation of the aroma of green Mexican coffee and identification of mouldy/earthy defect, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2001, 212, 6, 648-657, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002170100305 . [all data]

Anderson, 1968
Anderson, D.G., USe of Kovats retention indices and response factors for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of coating solvents, J. Paint Technol., 1968, 40, 527, 549-557. [all data]

Al-Qudah, Muhaidat, et al., 2012
Al-Qudah, M.A.; Muhaidat, R.; Trawenh, I.N.; Jaber, H.I.; Abu Zarga, M.H.; Abu Orabi, S.T., Volatile constituents of leaves and bulbs of Gynandriris Sisyrinchicum and their antimicrobial activities, Jordan J. Chem., 2012, 7, 3, 287-295. [all data]

Leffingwell and Alford, 2011
Leffingwell, J.; Alford, E.D., Volatile constituents of the giant pufball mushroom (Calvatia gigantea), Leffingwell Rep., 2011, 4, 1-17. [all data]

Jerkovic, Hegic, et al., 2010
Jerkovic, I.; Hegic, G.; Marijanovic, Z.; Bubalo, D., Organic extractives from Mentha spp. honey and the bee-stomach: methyl syringate, vomifoliol, terpenediol I, hotrienol, and other compounds, Molecules, 2010, 15, 4, 2911-2924, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15042911 . [all data]

Jerkovic and Marijanovic, 2010
Jerkovic, I.; Marijanovic, Z., Oak (Quercus frainetto Ten.) honeydaw honey - approach to screening of volatile organic composition and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP assay), Molecules, 2010, 15, 5, 3744-3756, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15053744 . [all data]

Jerkovic, Tuberso, et al., 2010
Jerkovic, I.; Tuberso, C.I.G.; Gugic, M.; Bubalo, D., Composition of Sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) honey solvent extractives determined by GC/MS: norisoprenoids and other volatile organic compounds, Molecules, 2010, 15, 9, 6375-6385, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15096375 . [all data]

Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010
Radulovic, N.; Blagojevic, P.; Palic, R., Comparative study of the leaf volatiles of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. (Ericaceae), Molecules, 2010, 15, 9, 6168-6185, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15096168 . [all data]

Radulovic, Dordevic, et al., 2010
Radulovic, N.S.; Dordevic, N.D.; Palic, R.M., Volatiles of Pleurospermum austriacum (L.) Hoffm. (Apiaceae), J. Serbian Chem. Soc., 2010, 75, 12, 1-11, https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC100323127R . [all data]

Radulovic, Dordevic, et al., 2010, 2
Radulovic, N.; Dordevic, N.; Markovic, M.; Palic, R., Volatile constituents of Glechoma Hirsuta Waldst. Kit. and G. Hederacea L. (Lamiaceae), Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop., 2010, 24, 1, 67-76, https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v24i1.52962 . [all data]

Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2009
Radulovic, N.S.; Blagojevic, P.D.; Palic, R.M.; Zlatkovic, B.K.; Stevanovic, B.M., Volatiles from vegetative organs of the paleoendemic resurrection plants Ramonda serbica Panc. and Ramonda nathaliae Panc. at Petrov, J. Serb. Chem. Soc., 2009, 74, 1, 35-44, https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC0901035R . [all data]

Mastelic, Jerkovic, et al., 2006
Mastelic, J.; Jerkovic, I.; Mesic, M., Volatile constituents from flowers, leaves, bark and wood of Prunus mahaleb L., Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 2, 306-313, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1596 . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2006
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Payo, A.; Chao, D.; Herrera, P., Aromatic Plants from Western Cuba VII. Composition of the Leaf Oil of Psidium wrightii KRug et Urb., Lantana involucrata L., Cinnamonum montanum (Sw.) Berchtold et J. Persl. and Caesalpinia violacea (Mill.) Standley, J. Essent. Oil. Res., 2006, 18, 2, 170-174, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2006.9699058 . [all data]

El-Sayed, Heppelthwaite, et al., 2005
El-Sayed, A.M.; Heppelthwaite, V.J.; Manning, L.M.; Gibb, A.R.; Suckling, D.M., Volatile constituents of fermented sugar baits and their attraction to lepidopteran species, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 4, 953-958, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048521j . [all data]

Leffingwell and Alford, 2005
Leffingwell, J.C.; Alford, E.D., Volatile constituents of Perique tobacco, Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 4, 2, 899-915. [all data]

Sefidkon, Jalili, et al., 2002
Sefidkon, F.; Jalili, A.; Mirhaji, T., Essential oil composition of three Artemisia spp. from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 2, 150-152, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1063 . [all data]

Tellez, Schrader, et al., 2001
Tellez, M.R.; Schrader, K.K.; Kobaisy, M., Volatile components of the cyanobacterium oscillatoria perornata (Skuja), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 12, 5989-5992, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010722p . [all data]

Health Safety Executive, 2000
Health Safety Executive, MDHS 96 Volatile organic compounds in air - Laboratory method using pumed solid sorbent tubes, solvent desorption and gas chromatography in Methods for the Determination of Hazardous Substances (MDHS) guidance, Crown, Colegate, Norwich, 2000, 1-24, retrieved from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/mdhs/pdfs/mdhs96.pdf. [all data]

Kim, Kim, et al., 2000
Kim, H.-J.; Kim, K.; Kim, N.-S.; Lee, D.-S., Determination of floral fragrances of Rosa hybrida using solid-phase trapping-solvent extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 902, 2, 389-404, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00863-3 . [all data]

Tellez, Canel, et al., 1999
Tellez, M.R.; Canel, C.; Rimando, A.M.; Duke, S.O., Differential accumulation of isoprenoids in glanded and glandless Artemisia annua L, Phytochemistry, 1999, 52, 6, 1035-1040, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00308-8 . [all data]

Ding, Deng, et al., 1998
Ding, Q.; Deng, Y.; Sun, Y.; Huagn, A.; Sun, Y., Analysis of volatile components in ox feces by capillary gas chromatography, Beijing Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexueban, 1998, 34, 6, 720-725. [all data]

Yang and Sugisawa, 1990
Yang, R.; Sugisawa, H., Citrus Suachi Hort. ex Shirai. Volatile components in Sudachi (Citrus Sudachi Hort. ex Shirai) juice, Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi, 1990, 37, 12, 946-952, https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.37.12_946 . [all data]

Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989
Flath, R.A.; Matsumoto, K.E.; Binder, R.G.; Cunningham, R.T.; Mon, T.R., Effect of pH on the volatiles of hydrolyzed protein insect baits, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 3, 814-819, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00087a053 . [all data]

Ibrahim and Suffet, 1988
Ibrahim, E.A.; Suffet, I.H., Freon FC-113, an Alternative to Methylene Chloride for Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Trace Organics from Chlorinated Drinking Water, J. Chromatogr., 1988, 454, 217-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)88615-X . [all data]

Harland, Cumming, et al., 1986
Harland, B.J.; Cumming, R.I.; Gillings, E., The Kovats indexes of some organic micropollutants on an SE54 capillary column, EUR, I Org. Micropollut. Aquat. Environ., 1986, EUR 10388, 123-127. [all data]

Habu, Flath, et al., 1985
Habu, T.; Flath, R.A.; Mon, T.R.; Morton, J.F., Volatile components of Rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1985, 33, 2, 249-254, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00062a024 . [all data]

Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981
Heydanek, M.G.; McGorrin, R.J., Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy identification of volatiles from rancid oat groats, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 5, 1093-1095, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00107a051 . [all data]

Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981, 2
Heydanek, M.G.; McGorrin, R.J., Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy investigations on the flavor chemistry of oat groats, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 5, 950-954, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00107a016 . [all data]

Kurashov, Mitrukova, et al., 2014
Kurashov, E.A.; Mitrukova, G.G.; Krylova, Yu.V., Variations in the component composition of essential oil of Ceratophyllum demersum (Ceratophyllaceae) during vegetation (in press), Plant Resources (Rastitel'nye Resursy), 2014, 1, 000-000. [all data]

Kurashov, Krylova, et al., 2013
Kurashov, E.A.; Krylova, Yu.V.; Mitrukova, G.G., Variations in component composition of essential oil of Potamogeton pusillus (Potamogetonaceae) dirong vegetation, Plant Resources (Rastitel'nye Resursy), 2013, 000-000. [all data]

Mondello, 2012
Mondello, L., HS-SPME-GCxGC-MS analysis of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in Shimadzu GC-GC application compendium of comprehensive 2D GC, Vol. 1-5, Shimadzu Corp., 2012, 1-29. [all data]

Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012
Robinson, A.L.; Adams, D.O.; Boss, P.K.; Heymann, H.; Solomon, P.S.; Trengove, R.D., Influence of geographic origine on the sensory characteristics and wine composition of Vitus viniferas cv. Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Australia (Supplemental data), Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 2012, 64, 4, 467-476, https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2012.12023 . [all data]

Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 2008
Ventanas, S.; Estevez, M.; Andres, A.I.; Ruiz, J., Analysis of volatile compounds of Iberian dry-cured loins with different intramuscular fat contents using SPME-DED, Meat Sci., 2008, 79, 1, 172-180, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.08.011 . [all data]

Zhao, Li, et al., 2008
Zhao, Y.; Li, J.; Xu, Y.; Duan, H.; Fan, W.; Zhao, G., EXtraction, preparation and identification of volatile compounds in Changyu XO brandy, Chinese J. Chromatogr., 2008, 26, 2, 212-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2059(08)60014-0 . [all data]

Cajka, Hajslova, et al., 2007
Cajka, T.; Hajslova, J.; Cochran, J.; Holadova, K.; Klimankova, E., Solid phase microextraction - comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography - time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the analysis of honey volatiles, J. Sep. Sci., 2007, 30, 4, 534-546, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200600413 . [all data]

Chuang, Lee, et al., 2007
Chuang, P.-H.; Lee, C.-W.; Chou, J.-Y.; Murugan, M.; Shieh, B.-J.; Chen, H.-M., Anti-fungal activity of crude extracts and essential oil of Moringa oleifera Lam, Bioresource Technol., 2007, 98, 1, 232-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.11.003 . [all data]

Baroni, Nores, et al., 2006
Baroni, M.V.; Nores, M.L.; Diaz, M.D.P.; Chiabrando, G.A.; Fassano, J.P.; Costa, C.; Wunderlin, D.A., Determination of Volatile Organic Compound Patterns Characteristic of Five Unifloral Honey by Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Coupled to Chemometrics, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 19, 7235-7241, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf061080e . [all data]

Ansorena, Gimeno, et al., 2001
Ansorena, D.; Gimeno, O.; Astiasarán, I.; Bello, J., Analysis of volatile compounds by GC-MS of a dry fermented sausage: chorizo de Pamplona, Food Res. Int., 2001, 34, 1, 67-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-9969(00)00133-2 . [all data]

Guyot, Scheirman, et al., 1999
Guyot, C.; Scheirman, V.; Collin, S., Floral origin markers of heather honeys: Calluna vulgaris and Erica arborea, Food Chem., 1999, 64, 1, 3-11, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00122-8 . [all data]

Guyot, Bouseta, et al., 1998
Guyot, C.; Bouseta, A.; Scheirman, V.; Collin, S., Floral origin markers of chestnut and lime tree honeys, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 2, 625-633, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970510l . [all data]

Rowland, Blackman, et al., 1995
Rowland, C.Y.; Blackman, A.J.; D'Arcy, B.R.; Rintoul, G.B., Comparison of organic extractives found in leatherwood (Eucryphia lucida) honey and leatherwood flowers and leaves, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 3, 753-763, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00051a036 . [all data]

Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008
Soria, A.C.; Sanz, J.; Martinez-Castro, I., SPME followed by GC-MS: a powerful technique for qualitative analysis of honey volatiles, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2008, 1-12. [all data]

Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007
Cros, S.; Vandanjon, L.; Jaouen, P.; Bourseau, P., Processing of Industrial Mussel Cooking Juices by Reverse Osmotis: Pollution Abatement and Aromas Recovery, 2007, retrieved from title of Internet file: [imstec064]. [all data]

de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005
de la Fuente, E.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanz, J., Characterization of Spanish unifloral honeys by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Sep. Sci., 2005, 28, 9-10, 1093-1100, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200500018 . [all data]

Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004
Soria, A.C.; Gonzalez, M.; de Lorenzo, C.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanza, J., Characterization of artisanal honeys from Madrid (Central Spain) on the basis of their melissopalynological, physicochemical and volatile composition data, Food Chem., 2004, 85, 1, 121-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.06.012 . [all data]

Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003, 2
Cros, S.; Vandanjon, L.; Jaouen, P.; Bourseau, P., IMSTEC'03 Conference Proceedings, Processing of industrial mussel cooking juices by reverse osmosis: pollution abatement and aromas recovery, Universoty of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, 2003, 6. [all data]

Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2003
Soria, A.C.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanz, J., Analysis of volatile composition of honey by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatographymass spectrometry, J. Sep. Sci., 2003, 26, 9-10, 793-801, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200301368 . [all data]

Polatoglu, Demirci, et al., 2010
Polatoglu, K.; Demirci, F.; Demirci, B.; Goren, N.; Baser, K.H.C., Antimicrobial activity and essential oil composition of a new T. argyrophyllum (C. Koch) Tvzel var. argyrophyllium chemotype, J. Oleo Sci., 2010, 59, 6, 307-313, https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.59.307 . [all data]

Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2008
Soria, A.C.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanz, J., Some aspects of dynamic headspace analysis of volatile components in honey, Foog Res. International, 2008, 41, 8, 838-848, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2008.07.010 . [all data]

Editorial paper, 2005
Editorial paper, Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) Application Guide, The Reporter Europe (Supelco), 2005, 16, 5, 12-12. [all data]

Peng, Yang, et al., 1991
Peng, C.T.; Yang, Z.C.; Ding, S.F., Prediction of rentention idexes. II. Structure-retention index relationship on polar columns, J. Chromatogr., 1991, 586, 1, 85-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(91)80028-F . [all data]

Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 1993
Donnelly, J.R.; Abdel-Hamid, M.S.; Jeter, J.L.; Gurka, D.F., Application of gas chromatographic retention properties to the identification of environmental contaminants, J. Chromatogr., 1993, 642, 1-2, 409-415, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80106-I . [all data]

Eckel, Ross, et al., 1993
Eckel, W.P.; Ross, B.; Isensee, R.K., Pentobarbital found in ground water, Ground Water, 1993, 31, 5, 801-804, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1993.tb00853.x . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_boil Boiling point

Δ_vapH Enthalpy of vaporization
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.