Hydrogen sulfide

• Formula: H₂S
• Molecular weight: 34.081
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/H2S/h1H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 7783-06-4
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Dihydrogen monosulfide; Dihydrogen sulfide; Hydrosulfuric acid; Stink damp; Sulfur hydride; Sulfureted hydrogen; H2S; Sulfuretted hydrogen; Hydrogen sulphide; Hydrogen sulfide (H2S); Acide sulfhydrique; Hydrogene sulfure; Idrogeno solforato; Rcra waste number U135; Schwefelwasserstoff; Siarkowodor; UN 1053; Zwavelwaterstof; Hepatic gas; Hepatic acid; Hydrogen monosulfide; Sewer gas
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Henry's Law data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
  • Fluid Properties
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
  • Electron-Impact Ionization Cross Sections (on physics web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

Enthalpy of sublimation

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

HS^- +  =

By formula: HS^- + H⁺ = H₂S

 +  = ( • )

By formula: F^- + H₂S = (F^- • H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

H₃S⁺ +  = (H₃S⁺ • )

By formula: H₃S⁺ + H₂S = (H₃S⁺ • H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

CN^- +  = (CN^- • )

By formula: CN^- + H₂S = (CN^- • H₂S)

(H₃S⁺ • 3) +  = (H₃S⁺ • 4)

By formula: (H₃S⁺ • 3H₂S) + H₂S = (H₃S⁺ • 4H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

(H₃S⁺ • 2) +  = (H₃S⁺ • 3)

By formula: (H₃S⁺ • 2H₂S) + H₂S = (H₃S⁺ • 3H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

(H₃S⁺ • ) +  = (H₃S⁺ •  • )

By formula: (H₃S⁺ • H₂S) + H₂O = (H₃S⁺ • H₂O • H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

(H₃S⁺ • ) +  = (H₃S⁺ • 2)

By formula: (H₃S⁺ • H₂S) + H₂S = (H₃S⁺ • 2H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

(H₃S⁺ • 4) +  = (H₃S⁺ • 5)

By formula: (H₃S⁺ • 4H₂S) + H₂S = (H₃S⁺ • 5H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

CH₆N⁺ +  = (CH₆N⁺ • )

By formula: CH₆N⁺ + H₂S = (CH₆N⁺ • H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

HS^- +  = (HS^- • )

By formula: HS^- + H₂S = (HS^- • H₂S)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + H₂S = (H₄N⁺ • H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

C₃H₇⁺ +  = (C₃H₇⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₇⁺ + H₂S = (C₃H₇⁺ • H₂S)

 +  =  + 

By formula: COS + H₂O = CO₂ + H₂S

(H₂S⁺ • ) +  = (H₂S⁺ • 2)

By formula: (H₂S⁺ • H₂S) + H₂S = (H₂S⁺ • 2H₂S)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: I^- + H₂S = (I^- • H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

H₂S⁺ +  = (H₂S⁺ • )

By formula: H₂S⁺ + H₂S = (H₂S⁺ • H₂S)

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂H₄OS + H₂O = C₂H₄O₂ + H₂S

F₅S^- +  = (F₅S^- • )

By formula: F₅S^- + H₂S = (F₅S^- • H₂S)

(H₂S⁺ • 2) +  = (H₂S⁺ • 3)

By formula: (H₂S⁺ • 2H₂S) + H₂S = (H₂S⁺ • 3H₂S)

(H₂S⁺ • 3) +  = (H₂S⁺ • 4)

By formula: (H₂S⁺ • 3H₂S) + H₂S = (H₂S⁺ • 4H₂S)

(H₂S⁺ • 4) +  = (H₂S⁺ • 5)

By formula: (H₂S⁺ • 4H₂S) + H₂S = (H₂S⁺ • 5H₂S)

=  + 

By formula: CH₂S₃ = CS₂ + H₂S

 +  = H₂NOS^-

By formula: NO^- + H₂S = H₂NOS^-

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to H₂S⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

HS^- +  =

By formula: HS^- + H⁺ = H₂S

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Gas Phase Spectrum

Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.

For Zoom

1.) Enter the desired X axis range (e.g., 100, 200)

2.) Check here for automatic Y scaling

3.) Press here to zoom

Notice: Except where noted, spectra from this collection were measured on dispersive instruments, often in carefully selected solvents, and hence may differ in detail from measurements on FTIR instruments or in other chemical environments. More information on the manner in which spectra in this collection were collected can be found here.

Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.

Additional Data

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.

For Zoom

1.) Enter the desired X axis range (e.g., 100, 200)

2.) Check here for automatic Y scaling

3.) Press here to zoom

Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Goodwin, 1983
Goodwin, R.D., Hydrogen sulfide provisional thermophysical properties from 188 to 700K at pressures to 75 MPa, Report, NBSIR-83-1694; NTIS No. PB84-122704, 177 pp., 1983. [all data]

Beckmann and Waentig, 1910
Beckmann, E.; Waentig, P., Cryoscopic Measurements at Low Temperatures, Z. Anorg. Chem., 1910, 67, 17. [all data]

Giauque and Blue, 1936
Giauque, W.F.; Blue, R.W., Hydrogen Sulfide. The Heat Capacity and Vapor Pressure of Solid and Liquid. The HEat of Vaporization. A Comparison of Thermooodynamic and Spectroscopic Values of the Entropy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 831. [all data]

Cubitt, Henderson, et al., 1987
Cubitt, A.G.; Henderson, C.; Staveley, L.A.K.; Fonseca, I.M.A.; Ferreira, A.G.M., Some thermodynamic properties of liquid hydrogen sulphide and deuterium sulphide, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 703. [all data]

Dykyj, Svoboda, et al., 1999
Dykyj, J.; Svoboda, J.; Wilhoit, R.C.; Frenkel, M.L.; Hall, K.R., Vapor Pressure of Chemicals: Part A. Vapor Pressure and Antoine Constants for Hydrocarbons and Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium and Hydrogen Containing Organic Compounds, Springer, Berlin, 1999, 373. [all data]

Giauque and Blue, 1936, 2
Giauque, W.F.; Blue, R.W., Hydrogen Sulfide. The Heat Capacity and Vapor Pressure of Solid and Liquid. The Heat of Vaporization. A Comparison of Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Values of the Entropy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 5, 831-837, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01296a045 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Clark, Cockett, et al., 1951
Clark, A.M.; Cockett, A.H.; Eisner, H.S., The Vapour Pressure of Hydrogen Sulphide, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 1951, 209, 1098, 408-415, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1951.0214 . [all data]

Rempala and Ervin, 2000
Rempala, K.; Ervin, K.M., Collisional activation of the Endoergic Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reaction S-(2P) + H2 - SH- + H, J. Chem. Phys., 2000, 112, 10, 4579, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.481016 . [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr., The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]

Shiell, Hu, et al., 1900
Shiell, R.C.; Hu, X.K.; Hu, Q.J.; Hepburn, J.W., A determination of the bond dissociation energy (D-0(H-SH)): Threshold ion-pair production spectroscopy (TIPPS) of a triatomic molecule, J. Phys. Chem. A, 1900, 104, 19, 4339-4342, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp000025k . [all data]

Gurvich, Veyts, et al.
Gurvich, L.V.; Veyts, I.V.; Alcock, C.B., Hemisphere Publishing, NY, 1989, V. 1 2, Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, 4th Ed. [all data]

Breyer, Frey, et al., 1981
Breyer, F.; Frey, P.; Hotop, H., High Resolution Photoelectron Spectrometry of Negative Ions: Rotational Transitions in Laser-Photodetachment of OH-, SH-, and SD-, Z. Phys. A, 1981, 300, 1, 7, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01412609 . [all data]

Cumming and Kebarle, 1978
Cumming, J.B.; Kebarle, P., Summary of gas phase measurements involving acids AH. Entropy changes in proton transfer reactions involving negative ions. Bond dissociation energies D(A-H) and electron affinities EA(A), Can. J. Chem., 1978, 56, 1. [all data]

Check, Faust, et al., 2001
Check, C.E.; Faust, T.O.; Bailey, J.M.; Wright, B.J.; Gilbert, T.M.; Sunderlin, L.S., Addition of Polarization and Diffuse Functions to the LANL2DZ Basis Set for P-Block Elements, J. Phys. Chem. A,, 2001, 105, 34, 8111, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp011945l . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1983
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Strong hydrogen bonding in gas-phase anions. An ion cyclotron resonance determination of fluoride binding energetics to bronsted acids from gas-phase fluoride exchange equilibria measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 2944. [all data]

Wenthold and Squires, 1995
Wenthold, P.G.; Squires, R.R., Bond dissociation energies of F2(-) and HF2(-). A gas-phase experimental and G2 theoretical study, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 7, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100007a034 . [all data]

Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970
Arshadi, M.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of Halide Negative Ions in the Gas Phase. II. Comparison of Hydration Energies for the Alkali Positive and Halide Negative Ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1475, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a014 . [all data]

Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977
Hiraoka, K.; Kebarle, P., Gas Phase Ion Equilibria Studies of the Proton in Hydrogen Sulfide and Hydrogen Sulfide - Water Mixtures. Stabilities of the Hydrogen Bonded Complexes H+(H2S)x(H2O)y, Can. J. Chem., 1977, 55, 1, 24, https://doi.org/10.1139/v77-005 . [all data]

Walters and Blais, 1984
Walters, E.A.; Blais, N.C., Molecular beam photoionization and fragmentation of D₂S, (H₂S)₂, (D₂S)₂, and H₂S.H₂O, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 80, 3501. [all data]

Prest, Tzeng, et al., 1983
Prest, H.F.; Tzeng, W.-B.; Brom, J.M., Jr.; Ng, C.Y., Photoionization study of (H₂S)₂ and (H₂S)₃, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 7531. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Field, F.H., Stability, Association and Dissociation in the Cluster Ions H3S+.nH2S, H3O+.nH2O and H3O+.H2O, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 4, 998, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00446a004 . [all data]

Meot-ner, 1988
Meot-ner, M., Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. ₆. Interaction Energies of the Acetate Ion with Organic Molecules. Comparison of CH₃COO^- with Cl^-, CN^-, and SH^-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 12, 3854, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a022 . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1987
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. The energetics of interaction between cyanide ion and bronsted acids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987, 109, 6230. [all data]

Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971
Payzant, J.D.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of CN-, NO₂-, NO₃-, and HO- in the gas phase, Can. J. Chem., 1971, 49, 3308. [all data]

Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972
Cunningham, A.J.; Payzant, J.D.; Kebarle, P., A Kinetic Study of the Proton Hydrate H+(H2O)n Equilibria in the Gas Phase, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 22, 7627, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00777a003 . [all data]

Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984
Lias, S.G.; Liebman, J.F.; Levin, R.D., Evaluated gas phase basicities and proton affinities of molecules heats of formation of protonated molecules, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1984, 13, 695. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 4. SH+ O and NH+ S Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Mutual Effects of Weak and Strong Ligands in Mixed Clusters, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 24, 5222, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a021 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Proton affinity ladders from variable-temperature equilibrium measurements. 1. A reevaluation of the upper proton affinity range, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 12, 4448, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00012a012 . [all data]

Terres and Wesemann, 1932
Terres, E.; Wesemann, H., Uber Gleichgewichtsmessungen der teilreaktionen bei der umsetzung von scnwefelkohlenstoff mit wasserdampf im temperaturgebiet von 350° bis 900° C, Angew. Chem., 1932, 45, 795-832. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Walters and Blais, 1981
Walters, E.A.; Blais, N.C., Molecular beam photoionization of (H₂S)n,n = 1 - 7, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 75, 4208. [all data]

Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989
Caldwell, G.W.; Masucci, J.A.; Ikonomou, M.G., Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry - Binding of Molecules to Bromide and Iodide Anions, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1989, 24, 1, 8, https://doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210240103 . [all data]

Sunner and Wadso, 1957
Sunner, S.; Wadso, I., The heat of hydrolysis of thiolacetic acid, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1957, 53, 455-459. [all data]

Zangerle, Hansel, et al., 1993
Zangerle, R.; Hansel, A.; Richter, R.; Lindinger, W., The Reaction of SF5+ + H2S at Near Thermal Energies: Competition between Association and Binary Reactions, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1993, 129, 117, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(93)87035-Q . [all data]

Gattow and Krebes, 1963
Gattow, V.G.; Krebes, B., Das kohlenstoffsulfid-di-(hydrogensulfid) SC(SH)₂ und das system H₂S-CS₂. 2. Thermochemie des SC(SH)₂, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1963, 322, 113. [all data]

Hendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002
Hendricks, J.H.; de Clercq, H.L.; Freidhoff, C.B.; Arnold, S.T.; Eaton, J.G.; Fancher, C.; Lyapustina, S.A.; S., Anion solvation at the microscopic level: Photoelectron spectroscopy of the solvated anion clusters, NO-(Y)(n), where Y=Ar, Kr, Xe, N2O, H2S, NH3, H2O, and C2H4(OH)(2), J. Chem. Phys., 2002, 116, 18, 7926-7938, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1457444 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Prest, Tzeng, et al., 1983, 2
Prest, H.F.; Tzeng, W.-B.; Brom, J.M., Jr.; Ng, C.Y., Molecular beam photoionization study of H₂S, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1983, 50, 315. [all data]

Smith, Adams, et al., 1981
Smith, D.; Adams, N.G.; Lindinger, W., Reactions of the HnS ions (n = 0 to 3) with several molecular gases at thermal energies, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 75, 3365. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Karlsson, Mattsson, et al., 1976
Karlsson, L.; Mattsson, L.; Jadrny, R.; Bergmark, T.; Siegbahn, K., Vibrational ans vibronic structure in the valence electron spectrum of H₂S, Phys. Scr., 1976, 13, 229. [all data]

Balkis, Gaines, et al., 1976
Balkis, T.; Gaines, A.F.; Ozgen, G.; Ozgen, I.T.; Flowers, M.C., Ionization of hydrogen sul- phide, selenide and telluride by electron impact, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1976, 72, 524. [all data]

Rabalais, Debies, et al., 1974
Rabalais, J.W.; Debies, T.P.; Berkosky, J.L.; Huang, J.-T.J.; Ellison, F.O., Calculated photoionization cross sections relative experimental photoionization intensities for a selection of small molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 61, 516. [all data]

Natalis, 1973
Natalis, P., Contribution a la spectroscopie photoelectronique. Effets de l'autoionisation dans less spectres photoelectroniques de molecules diatomiques et triatomiques, Acad. R. Belg. Mem. Cl. Sci. Collect. 8, 1973, 41, 1. [all data]

Morrison and Traeger, 1973
Morrison, J.D.; Traeger, J.C., Ionization and dissociation by electron impact. I. H₂O and H₂S, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1973, 11, 77. [all data]

Potts and Price, 1972
Potts, A.W.; Price, W.C., Photoelectron spectra and valence shell orbital structures of groups V VI hydrides, Proc. R. Soc. London A:, 1972, 326, 181. [all data]

Delwiche and Natalis, 1970
Delwiche, J.; Natalis, P., Photoelectron spectrometry of hydrogen sulfide, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1970, 5, 564. [all data]

Delwiche, Natalis, et al., 1970
Delwiche, J.; Natalis, P.; Collin, J.E., High resolution photoelectron spectrometry of H₂S and H₂Se, Intern. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1970, 5, 443. [all data]

Dibeler and Liston, 1968
Dibeler, V.H.; Liston, S.K., Mass-spectrometric study of photoionization. XI.Hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 49, 482. [all data]

Al-Joboury and Turner, 1964
Al-Joboury, M.I.; Turner, D.W., Molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. Part II. A summary of ionization potentials, J. Chem. Soc., 1964, 4434. [all data]

Frost and McDowell, 1958
Frost, D.C.; McDowell, C.A., Excited states of the molecular ions of hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen iodide, water, hydrogen sulphide, and ammonia, Can. J. Chem., 1958, 36, 39. [all data]

Watanabe, 1954
Watanabe, K., Photoionization and total absorption cross section of gases. I. Ionization potentials of several molecules. Cross sections of NH₃ and NO, J. Chem. Phys., 1954, 22, 1564. [all data]

Price, 1935
Price, W.C., The far ultraviolet absorption spectra and ionization potentials of H₂S, CS₂, and SO₂, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 1935, 10, 9. [all data]

Bieri, Asbrink, et al., 1982
Bieri, G.; Asbrink, L.; Von Niessen, W., 30.4-nm He(II) photoelectron spectra of organic molecules, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1982, 27, 129. [all data]

Wagner and Bock, 1974
Wagner, G.; Bock, H., Photoelektronenspektren und molekuleigenschaften, XXVI. Die delokalisation von schwefel-elektronenpaaren in alkylsulfiden und -disulfiden, Chem. Ber., 1974, 107, 68. [all data]

Schweig and Thiel, 1974
Schweig, A.; Thiel, W., Photoionization cross sections: He I- and He II-photoelectron spectra of homologous oxygen and sulphur compounds, Mol. Phys., 1974, 27, 265. [all data]

Bock, Wagner, et al., 1972
Bock, H.; Wagner, G.; Kroner, J., Photoelektronenspektren und molekuleigenschaften, XIV. Die delokalisation des schwefel-elektronenpaar in CH₃S-substituierten aromaten, Chem. Ber., 1972, 105, 3850. [all data]

Palmer and Lossing, 1962
Palmer, T.F.; Lossing, F.P., Free radicals by mass spectrometry. XXVIII. The HS, CH₃S, and phenyl-S radicals: ionization potentials and heats of formation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1962, 84, 4661. [all data]

Eland, 1979
Eland, J.H.D., Dissociations of state-selected C₂H₂⁺, H₂S⁺ and D₂S⁺ ions studied by photoelectron-photoion coincidence spectroscopy, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1979, 31, 161. [all data]

Yang, Wang, et al., 2004
Yang, Y.; Wang, Z.; Zong, B.; Yang, H., Determination of sulfur compounds in fluid catalytic cracking gasoline by gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminiscence detector, Chin. J. Chromatogr., 2004, 22, 3, 216-219. [all data]

Yang, Wang, et al., 2003
Yang, Y.-T.; Wang, Z.; Han. J.-H.; Tian, H.-P.; Yang, H.-Y., Determination of sulfur compounds in gasoline fraction of microreactor products by gas chromatography - Atomic emission detector, Petrochemical Technology (Shiyou Huagong), 2003, 32, 11, 995-998. [all data]

Ishizaki, Tachihara, et al., 2005
Ishizaki, S.; Tachihara, T.; Tamura, H.; Yanai, T.; Kitahara, T., Evaluation of odour-active compounds in roasted shrimp (Sergia lucens Hansen) by aroma extract dilution analysis, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 6, 562-566, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1484 . [all data]

Kraft and Switt, 2005
Kraft, P.; Switt, K.A.D. (Eds), Perspectives in Flavor and Fragrance Research, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2005, 251. [all data]

Tachihara, Ishizaki, et al., 2004
Tachihara, T.; Ishizaki, S.; Ishikawa, M.; Kitahara, T., Studies on the volatile compounds of roasted spotted shrimp, Chemistry Biodiversity, 2004, 1, 12, 2024-2033, https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200490155 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  Pc	Critical pressure
  Ptriple	Triple point pressure
  S°gas,1 bar	Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar)
  T	Temperature
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔsubH	Enthalpy of sublimation
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ρc	Critical density

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.